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Emergency services are organizations which ensure public safety by addressing different emergencies. Public security Public safety involves the prevention of and protection from events that could endanger the Safety of the general public from significant Danger Some agencies exist solely for addressing certain types of emergencies whilst others deal with ad hoc emergencies as part of their normal responsibilities. Many agencies will engage in community awareness and prevention programs to help the public avoid, detect, and report emergencies effectively.
The availability of emergency services depends very heavily on location, and may in some cases also rely on the recipient giving payment or holding suitable insurance or other surety for receiving the service.
Core emergency services
There are three services which are almost universally acknowledged as being core to the provision of emergency care to the populous, and are often government run. They would generally be summoned on a dedicated emergency telephone number, reserved for critical emergency calls. Many countries' public telephone networks have a single emergency telephone number, sometimes known as the universal emergency telephone number or occasionally the They are:
- Police — providing community safety and acting to reduce crime against persons and property
- Fire service — providing firefighters to deal with fire and rescue operations, and may also deal with some secondary emergency service duties
- Emergency medical service — providing ambulances and staff to deal with medical emergencies
Other emergency services
These services can be provided by one of the core services or by a separate government or private body. Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force Firefighters are rescuers extensively trained primarily to put out hazardous Fires that threaten civilian populations and property to rescue people from car accidents collapsed Firefighters are rescuers extensively trained primarily to put out hazardous Fires that threaten civilian populations and property to rescue people from car accidents collapsed Emergency medical services (abbreviated to the initialism "EMS" in many countries are a branch of Emergency services dedicated to providing out-of-hospital An ambulance is a Vehicle for transporting sick or injured people to from or between places of treatment for an Illness or Injury.
- Army National Guard — to Provide emergency rescue and provide for the common defense and peace. The Army National Guard ( ARNG) is the land force militia organized by each of the several states and territories of the United States
- Coastguard — Provide coastal patrols with a security function at sea, as well as invovlement in search and rescue operations
- Lifeboat — Dedicated providers of rescue lifeboat services, usually at sea (such as by the RNLI in the United Kingdom). A coast guard is a national organization responsible for various services at sea The founder Sir William Hillary Sir William Hillary came to live on the Isle of Man in 1808
- Mountain rescue — to provide search and rescue in mountainous areas, and sometimes in other wilderness environments. Mountain rescue refers to Search and rescue activities that occur in a mountainous environment although the term is sometimes also used to apply to search and rescue in
- Cave rescue — to rescue people injured, trapped or lost during caving explorations. Cave rescue is a highly specialized field of Wilderness rescue in which injured trapped or lost Cave explorers are medically treated and extracted from various
- Mine rescue — specially trained and equipped to rescue miners trapped by fires, explosions, cave-ins, toxic gas, flooding, etc. Mine rescue is the very specialized job of rescuing miners and others who have become trapped or injured underground in mines usually in Mining accidents and Disasters
- Technical rescue — other types of technical or heavy rescue, but usually specific to a discipline (such as swift water). Technical rescue refers to those aspects of saving life or property that employ the use of tools and skills that exceed those normally reserved for Fire fighting, Medical
- Search and rescue — can be discipline-specific, such as urban, wildland, maritime, etc. For the TV series of this title see Search and Rescue (TV series.
- Bomb disposal — to render safe hazardous explosive ordnance, such as terrorist devices or unexploded wartime bombs. Bomb disposal is the process by which hazardous explosive devices are rendered safe
- Blood/organ transplant supply — to provide organs or blood on an emergency basis, such as the National Blood Service of the United Kingdom. The National Blood Service is the organisation for England and North Wales which collects Blood and other tissues tests processes and supplies all the
- Emergency management — to provide and coordinate resources during large-scale emergencies. Emergency management (or disaster management) is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks
- Amateur radio emergency communications — to provide communications support to other emergency services. Amateur Radio Emergency Communications ( AREC) formerly the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps, is a service provided by the New Zealand Association of Radio Transmitters
Civil emergency services
These groups and organisations respond to emergencies and provide other safety-related services either as a part of their on-the-job duties, as part of the main mission of their business or concern, or as part of their hobbies.
- Public utilities — safeguarding gas, electricity and water, which are all potentially hazardous if infrastructure fails
- Emergency road service — provide repair or recovery for disabled or crashed vehicles
- Emergency social services
- Community emergency response teams — help organize facilities such as rest centers during large emergencies
- Disaster relief — such as services provided by the Red Cross and Salvation Army
- Famine relief teams
- Amateur radio communications groups — provide communications support during emergencies
- Poison Control — providing specialist support for poisoning
- Animal control — can assist or lead response to emergencies involving animals
- Wildlife services
Location-specific emergency services
Some locations have emergency services dedicated to them, and whilst this does not necessarily preclude employees using their skills outside this area (or be used to support other emergency services outside their area), they are primarily focused on the safety or security of a given geographical place. A public utility (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the Infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using Breakdown cover is a form of insurance policy that provides assistance to motorists whose vehicles have suffered a mechanical failure that is significant enough to leave them stranded at Emergency Social Services (ESS is a component of the Provincial Emergency Program of the Province of British Columbia. In the United States a Community Emergency Response Team ( CERT) sometimes known as a Neighborhood Emergency Response Team ( NERT) or Emergency management (or disaster management) is the discipline of dealing with and avoiding risks The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an International humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers worldwide who stated The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. A Famine is a phenomenon in which a large percentage of the population of a region or country are so undernourished that death by Starvation becomes increasingly common Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a Hobby and a service in which participants called "hams" use various types of Radio communications A poison control center ( PCC) or poison information center ( PIC) is a Medical facility that is able to provide immediate free and expert treatment An animal control officer may be an Employee of or a contractor to a Municipality, is charged with the responsibility of responding to calls for service
- Park rangers — looking after many emergencies within their given area, including fire, medical and security issues
- Lifeguards — charged with reacting to emergencies within their own given remit area, usually a pool, beach or open water area
Working together
Effective emergency service management requires agencies from many different services to work closely together and to have open lines of communication. A Park ranger is a person in lead of protecting and preserving parklands - national state or provincial parks A lifeguard is an Emergency service worker who is responsible for overseeing the Safety of the users of a recreational water feature such as a Swimming Most services do, or should, have procedures and liaisons in place to ensure this, although absence of these can be severely detrimental to good working. There can sometimes be tension between services for a number of other reasons, including professional versus voluntary crew members, or simply based on area or division.
To aid effective communications, different services may share common practices and protocol for certain large-scale emergencies. In the UK, commonly used shared protocols include CHALET and ETHANE while in the US, the Department of Homeland Security has called for nationwide implementation of the National Incident Management System (NIMS), of which the Incident Command System (ICS) is a part. CHALET is a mnemonic indicating a protocol used by Emergency services to report situations which they may be faced with especially as it relates to major incidents ETHANE is a mnemonic indicating a protocol used by Emergency services to report situations which they may be faced with especially as it relates to major incidents where NIMS redirects here For other meanings see Nims. The National Incident Management System ( NIMS) is a system used in the The Incident Command System (ICS is a standardized on-scene all-hazard incident management concept in the United States.
See also
- Civil defence
- Common Alerting Protocol
- Disaster relief
- Emergency management
- Emergency medical service
- Emergency telephone number
- Public safety
- Rescue squad
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