| Elphin Ail Finn |
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WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates:
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| Irish grid reference M868889 |
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| Statistics | ||
| Province: | Connacht | |
| County: | County Roscommon | |
| Elevation: | 83 m | |
| Population (2002) - Town: - Environs: |
527 711 |
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Elphin (Irish: Ail Finn) is a village in north County Roscommon, Ireland. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth The Irish grid reference system is a system of geographic Grid references commonly used in Ireland (both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland Poetic description This dinnseanchas poem named Ard Ruide (Ruide Headland poetically describes the kingdoms of Ireland Since the late 16th century the Island of Ireland has been divided into 32 counties ( Irish language contae or condae Not to be confused with Roscommon County Michigan, United States County Roscommon (Contae Ros Comáin is a County located in central Ireland The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Not to be confused with Roscommon County Michigan, United States County Roscommon (Contae Ros Comáin is a County located in central Ireland Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world
It forms the southern tip of a triangle with Boyle 18 km (11 mi) and Carrick-on-Shannon 14 km (9 mi) to the north west and north east respectively. Boyle (Mainistir na Búille is a town in County Roscommon, Ireland. Carrick-on-Shannon ( is situated in County Leitrim in Ireland on the County Roscommon border It is located at the junction of the R368 and R369 regional roads. Regional roads are also used in some parts of Ontario See County Road for more information Knock International Airport [1] is 50 km (31 mi) west of Elphin - approximately 40 minutes by road. Ireland West Airport Knock (Aerfort Chonnachta, is an airport located 3 Nautical miles (5
Contents |
History
Elphin has historically been an important market town and the diocesan centre for the Diocese of Elphin. The Diocese of Elphin was established in the year 1156. In that year the see for east Connacht was moved from Roscommon. St Patrick is believed to have visited Elphin, consecrated its first church and ordained its first bishop, Asicus (subsequently the patron saint of Elphin). Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint Saint Assicus (Asicus Assic was the first bishop of Elphin, Ireland, and venerated as the Patron saint of that place Information supporting the visitation of St Patrick is to be found in two important memorials of early Irish hagiography, the Vita Tripartita of St Patrick, and the "Patrician Documents" in the Book of Armagh. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Hagiography ( is the study of Saints. A hagiography, from Greek (hağios (ἅγιος "holy" or "saint" and graphē (γραφή Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint The Book of Armagh or Codex Ardmachanus ( ar or 61) is a 9th century Irish Manuscript held by the Library of Trinity On his missionary tour through Connacht in 434 or 435, St Patrick came to the territory of Corcoghlan, present day Elphin. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint The chief of that territory, a noble Druid named Ono, gave land and afterwards his castle or fort to St Patrick to found a church and monastery. A druid was a member of the priestly and learned class in the ancient Celtic societies Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint The place, which had hitherto been called Emlagh-Ono (a derivation of its owners name) received the designation of Ail Finn, which means "rock of the clear spring". This nomenclature was adopted on the basis of a large stone raised by St Patrick from a well opened by him in the land of Ono and placed on its margin. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint A copious stream of crystal water flowed from the well and continues to flow through Elphin to this day. St Patrick built a church called Tempull Phadruig (Patrick's church) and established an Episcopal See in Elphin. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint An episcopal see is the ecclesiastical domain of authority of a Bishop. St Asicus remained as bishop of Elphin. St Patrick also founded an episcopal monastery or college at Elphin, believed to be one of the first monasteries founded by him. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint In pre-Reformation times, Elphin was host to a large number of religious orders and was a religious centre of international significance. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time This is supported by the appearance of Elphin in a number of pan-European maps in the Middle Ages.
After the Reformation Elphin continued as the centre of a bishopric. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time A new bishop's residence was built in the 1720s to the central block and flanking pavilions plan that is very common in Irish country houses of this period. The main block of the bishop's house was destroyed by fire early in the 20th Century and was subsequently demolished, but the ruins of the pavilions survive together with the curtain walls that linked them to the main house.
The cathedral was also rebuilt in the eighteenth century. This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral It was a modest building no bigger than a small parish church with a tall square clock tower at its west end. A parish church, in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a Parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches An apse was added in the 19th century. APSE standing for Ada Programming Support Environment is a program or set of programs to support Software development in the Ada programming language. The cathedral was used for worship up to the early 1960s. This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral It was badly damaged in a storm in 1962 and was demolished a few years later, but its partially restored ruins can still be seen.
Associated with the cathedral was Elphin Diocesan School, popularly known as 'The Latin School'. Its most famous students were Oliver Goldsmith and the eye surgeon Sir William Wilde the father of Oscar Wilde. Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1730 or 1728 &ndash 4 April 1774 was an Anglo-Irish writer poet and Physician known for his Novel The Vicar Sir William Robert Wills Wilde MD, FRCSI, (March 1815&ndash April 19, 1876) was an Irish eye and ear Surgeon, as well as Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900 was an Irish Playwright, Novelist, poet and Author of The school was closed in the 1860s when the seat of the bishopric was moved to Kilmore, County Cavan. The Diocese of Kilmore Elphin Ardagh is one of 12 dioceses covering the whole of Ireland County Cavan ( Contae an Chabháin in Irish) is a County in Ireland.
According to legend, it was close to Elphin that the mythological figure of Oisin fell from his horse upon his return from Tir na nOg (The Land of Eternal Youth). Oisín ( Old Irish, pronounced /ˈɔʃiːnʲ/ or roughly "ush-een" often anglicized to Ossian) son of Fionn mac Cumhail and of Sadb (daughter Tír na nÓg ( Old Irish Tír na n-Oc) (tʲiɾʲ n̪ˠa n̪ˠog called in English the Land of Eternal Youth or the Land of the Ever-Young Within 6 km of Elphin is Cruachan (otherwise Rathcroghan), the famous palace of Queen Meave (she of the Táin Bó Cúailnge and a prominent figure in Irish mythology, notably the Ulster Cycle) and the Connacht kings. Cruachan ( Cruachu, Cruachain, Ráth Cruachain) is the ancient capital of the kingdom of Connacht, and the seat of Medb and her Medb ( Old Irish spelling mɛðv Meḋḃ Meaḋḃ modern Meadhbh mɛɣv reformed modern Irish Meabh, Meːv sometimes Anglicised Maeve or Maev The Mythology of pre-Christian Ireland did not entirely survive the conversion to Christianity, but much of it was preserved shorn of its religious meanings Texts in translation Most of the important Ulster Cycle tales can be found in the following publications Thomas Kinsella, The Táin, Oxford University The well of Ogulla (otherwise the Virgin Monument), scene of the famous conversion and baptism of Aithnea (Eithne) and Fidelm, the daughters of Leoghari, monarch of Ireland in the time of St Patrick, is also situate near Elphin. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint It is reputed that the gold and riches of Ned Kelly are buried in foothills just outside of Elphin. Edward "Ned" Kelly (3 June 1855 &ndash 11 November 1880 was an Australian Bushranger, and to some a Folk hero for his defiance of the colonial
Percy French, the performer, poet, and water colour artist was born at Cloonyquin, approximately three miles outside of Elphin as was his kinsman Arthur Murphy (1727-1805) the lawyer, playwright and biographer of Samuel Johnson, Henry Fielding and David Garrick. (William Percy French (1 May 1854 &ndash 24 January 1920 was one of Ireland 's foremost songwriters and entertainers in his day Arthur Murphy ( December 27, 1727 - June 18, 1805) was an Irish writer who was also known by the Pseudonym "Charles Samuel Johnson (often referred to as Dr Johnson) (18 September Henry Fielding ( April 22, 1707 &ndash October 8, 1754) was an English Novelist and Dramatist known for his David Garrick (born 19 February 1717 in Hereford &ndash 20 January 1779) was an English Actor, Playwright, Murphy's better known contemporary Oliver Goldsmith spent much of his childhood at Ballyoughter, approximately one mile to the south of Elphin and may have been born at his mother's family home, Smith Hill, just outside of the village of Elphin. Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1730 or 1728 &ndash 4 April 1774 was an Anglo-Irish writer poet and Physician known for his Novel The Vicar Ballyoughter is an eighteenth century house and park situated about 1 Fergus O'Mulconry, one of the authors of the Annals of the Four Masters was born at Cloonahee about two miles from Elphin. Annals of the Four Masters AD432 entryjpg|thumb|right|Entry for A Elphin is also the birthplace of Roderick Flanagan (1828-1862) the Australian-Irish journalist, historian and anthropologist. Roderick Flanagan ( 1 April 1828 &ndash 13 March 1862) was an Australian historian Anthropologist, Poet, newspaper
Sport and culture
Elphin is home to the Orchard Park, a Gaelic Athletic Association ground. The Gaelic Athletic Association ( GAA) ( Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael /'kʊmˠən̪ˠ 'l̪ˠuh The local club has produced many GAA figures of significance over the years both in playing and administrative capacities, the most notable being Dr Donal Keenan, a former President of the Association. Elphin has a proud tradition in gaelic games and continues to produce many successful under-age and senior Gaelic football teams. Gaelic football ( Irish: Peil, Peil Ghaelach, or Caid) commonly referred to as " football " is a form of Football
Elphin has an active branch of Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann and has hosted the County Roscommon Fleadh Cheoil on many occasions. Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann ( Society of the Musicians of Ireland) is an Irish organisation which is dedicated to the promotion of the music, Song, Not to be confused with Roscommon County Michigan, United States County Roscommon (Contae Ros Comáin is a County located in central Ireland The Fleadh Cheoil (Festival of Music is an Irish music competition run by Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann (CCÉ Members of the Elphin branch have enjoyed success at the All-Ireland Fleadh Cheoil in recent years. As an attributive All Ireland emphasises the entire island of Ireland, as opposed to either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland. The Fleadh Cheoil (Festival of Music is an Irish music competition run by Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann (CCÉ The town also has a fully restored and operational eighteenth century windmill, one of the oldest of its kind in Ireland. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system A windmill is a machine that is powered by the energy of the wind
Trivia
Elphin is also the given name of a Polish Irish dancing troupe. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Irish dances can broadly be divided into Social dance and Performance dances Irish social dancing can be divided further into céilí and set
See also
External links
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