Elizabeth of York (11 February 1466 – 11 February 1503) was the Queen Consort of King Henry VII of England, whom she married in 1486. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Arthur Tudor (19 or 20 September 1486 - 2 April 1502 was the first son of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and therefore heir to the throne Margaret Tudor ( 28 November, 1489 &ndash 18 October 1541) was the elder of the two surviving daughters of Henry VII of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Elizabeth Tudor ( July 2, 1492 &ndash September 14, 1495) was the second daughter and fourth child of Henry VII of England and This article is about Mary Queen consort of France. For her niece and namesake Mary Tudor Queen regnant of England, see Mary I Edmund Tudor Duke of Somerset ( February 21, 1499 Greenwich Palace &ndash June 19, 1500) was the sixth child of Henry VII Edward Tudor was the supposed son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Katherine Tudor may refer to Katherine Tudor Princess of England, daughter of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York Katheryn of Berain A royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation or Family name of sorts used by Royalty. The House of York was a branch of the English royal House of Plantagenet, three of whom became English kings in the late 15th century Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Elizabeth Woodville or Wydeville ( 3 February 1437 &ndash 7 June / 8 June 1492) was the Queen consort of Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Richmond Palace was a royal residence from 1327 to 1649 on The Green Richmond, United Kingdom. Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York ( June 5 1341 &ndash August 1 1402) was a younger son of King Edward III of England and Philippa Richard of Conisburgh 3rd Earl of Cambridge (c 1375 &ndash 5 August 1415) was the younger son of Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York and Isabella Constance of York (c 1374 - 29 November 1416) was the only daughter of Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York and his wife Isabella of Richard of Conisburgh 3rd Earl of Cambridge (c 1375 &ndash 5 August 1415) was the younger son of Edmund of Langley 1st Duke of York and Isabella Isabel Plantagenet ( 1409 - 2 October, 1484) was the only daughter of Richard of Conisburgh 3rd Earl of Cambridge and Anne de Mortimer Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York ( 21 September 1411 &ndash 30 December 1460) was a member of the English royal family who served in senior Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York ( 21 September 1411 &ndash 30 December 1460) was a member of the English royal family who served in senior Anne of York Duchess of Exeter ( August 10, 1439, Fotheringhay – January 14, 1476) was the second child and eldest surviving Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Edmund Earl of Rutland ( May 17, 1443 &ndash December 31, 1460) was the fifth child and second surviving son of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Elizabeth of York Duchess of Suffolk ( April 22, 1444, Rouen &ndash after January 1503 Wingfield Suffolk) was the sixth child and third daughter Margaret of York ( May 3, 1446 &ndash November 23, 1503) &ndash also by marriage known as Margaret of Burgundy &ndash was a George Plantagenet Duke of Clarence ( 21 October 1449 &ndash 18 February 1478) was the third son of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Mary of York ( August 11, 1467 - May 23, 1482) was the second daughter of Edward IV of England and his Queen consort Cecily of York ( March 20, 1469 - August 24, 1507) was the third but eventual second surviving daughter of King Edward IV of England Edward V ( 4 November 1470 &ndash 1483? was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later Margaret of York ( 10 Apr[[ 472]] - 11 Dec[[ 472]] was a namesake niece of Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy. Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk ( 17 August 1473 &ndash 1483? was the sixth child and second son of King Edward IV of Anne of York may refer to Anne of York Duchess of Exeter Anne of York Countess of Surrey George Plantagenet Duke of Bedford (March 1477 - March 1479 was the eighth child and third son of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. Catherine of York ( August 14, 1479 - November 15, 1527) was the ninth child and sixth daughter of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Bridget of York ( November 10, 1480 - 1517 was the tenth child and seventh daughter of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. George Plantagenet Duke of Clarence ( 21 October 1449 &ndash 18 February 1478) was the third son of Richard Plantagenet 3rd Duke of York Margaret Pole ( née Plantagenet) 8th Countess of Salisbury ( 14 August 1473 &ndash 27 May 1541) was an Edward Plantagenet 17th Earl of Warwick and 7th Earl of Salisbury ( 25 February 1475 &ndash 28 November 1499) was the son of George Duke Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death Edward of Middleham, also known as Edward Plantagenet (c 1473 &ndash 9 April 1484) was the only son of King Richard III of England Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Elizabeth was the eldest daughter of Edward IV and the sister of King Edward V. Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Edward V ( 4 November 1470 &ndash 1483? was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later She was the mother of King Henry VIII by Henry VII. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of
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Princess of England
She was born at Westminster, the eldest child of the marriage between King Edward IV and his Queen consort Elizabeth Woodville, who had already borne two sons to her previous husband. Westminster is an area of Central London, within the City of Westminster. Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October Elizabeth Woodville or Wydeville ( 3 February 1437 &ndash 7 June / 8 June 1492) was the Queen consort of Her younger siblings included Mary of York, Cecily of York, Edward V of England, Margaret Plantagenet (Princess of York), Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, Anne of York, George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford, Catherine of York and Bridget of York. Mary of York ( August 11, 1467 - May 23, 1482) was the second daughter of Edward IV of England and his Queen consort Cecily of York ( March 20, 1469 - August 24, 1507) was the third but eventual second surviving daughter of King Edward IV of England Edward V ( 4 November 1470 &ndash 1483? was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later Margaret of York ( 10 Apr[[ 472]] - 11 Dec[[ 472]] was a namesake niece of Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy. Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk ( 17 August 1473 &ndash 1483? was the sixth child and second son of King Edward IV of Anne of York may refer to Anne of York Duchess of Exeter Anne of York Countess of Surrey George Plantagenet Duke of Bedford (March 1477 - March 1479 was the eighth child and third son of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. Catherine of York ( August 14, 1479 - November 15, 1527) was the ninth child and sixth daughter of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Bridget of York ( November 10, 1480 - 1517 was the tenth child and seventh daughter of Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville.
She was named a Lady of the Garter in 1477, along with her mother and her paternal aunt Elizabeth of York, Duchess of Suffolk. The Most Noble Order of the Garter was founded by King Edward III of England in 1348 as "a society fellowship and college of knights Elizabeth of York Duchess of Suffolk ( April 22, 1444, Rouen &ndash after January 1503 Wingfield Suffolk) was the sixth child and third daughter
At the age of 5 years old, she was briefly betrothed to George Neville, the son of John Neville, Earl of Northumberland, a supporter of Edward IV; Northumberland switched sides, however, and the betrothal was broken off. George Nevill (1457&ndash1483 was an English nobleman who as a young boy had the possibility of becoming a great magnate John Neville 1st Marquess of Montagu, alias John Mortimer, called the Captain of Kent (c In 1475, she was offered as the bride of Charles, the Dauphin of France; that plan was scrapped when Charles' father, Louis XI, decided against the offer. Charles VIII, called the Affable (l'Affable 30 June 1470 &ndash 7 April 1498 was King of France from 1483 to his death Louis XI ( July 3, 1423 – August 30, 1483) called the Prudent (le Prudent and the Universal Spider ( Middle
The end of the civil wars
In 1483, Edward IV died, and Elizabeth's younger brother, Edward V, became King; her uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, was appointed regent, and protector of Edward IV's sons. Edward V ( 4 November 1470 &ndash 1483? was the King of England from 9 April 1483 until his deposition two months later Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death Shortly after his brother's death, Richard began taking steps to isolate his nephews from their Woodville relations. He intercepted the young Edward V on his way from Ludlow (where young Edward had previously been residing as Prince of Wales) to London to be crowned; Edward was then placed in the royal residence of the Tower of London, ostensibly for his protection. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Elizabeth Woodville then went with her youngest son, Richard, and her daughters to Westminster Abbey. Gloucester then requested that young Richard go to the Tower to keep his brother company; the boy's mother agreed. Two months later, on 22 June 1483, Richard had Edward IV's marriage declared bigamous (Edward, it was claimed, had at the time of his marriage to Elizabeth Woodville already been married to Lady Eleanor Butler) and invalid; this made the children of the marriage, including young Elizabeth, bastards and ineligible for the succession. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Gloucester then had Parliament issue a bill, Titulus Regius ("The Title of the King"), in support of this position: it legally bastardised the children of Edward IV, and declared Richard III king. Titulus Regius ( the royal title in Latin) is a statute of the Parliament of England, issued in 1483, by which the title of King Edward V and his brother disappeared shortly afterwards, and were rumoured to have been murdered.
Elizabeth now became the subject of dynastic scheming. Her mother made an alliance with Lady Margaret Beaufort, the mother of Henry Tudor: the pair agreed that Henry should move to claim the throne, and that once he had taken it, he would marry Elizabeth. Lady Margaret Beaufort ( May 31, 1443 &ndash June 29, 1509) of the House of Lancaster was the mother of King Henry VII of Henry swore an oath to this effect in Rennes in December 1483, and began planning an invasion. In an attempt to eliminate her value as a prospective marriage partner, Richard III made plans to marry her to an unimportant naval officer, a son of Robert Stillington; however the putative groom, a navy officer, was captured by the French along the coast of Normandy and imprisoned in Paris where he died in prison "of hunger and poverty". Robert Stillington (1420-1491 was Bishop of Bath and Wells and Lord Chancellor of England
In 1484, Elizabeth and her family left Westminster Abbey and returned to the court, where the King was behaving more favourably towards them. It was even rumoured that her own uncle, Richard III, intended to marry her himself: his wife, Anne Neville, was dying, and he had no children. Anne Neville (11 June 1456 &ndash 16 March 1485 was Queen consort of King Richard III of England 1483-1485 Richard denied this rumour; the Crowland Chronicle claims he was forced to do so by the enemies of the Woodvilles, who dreaded the family returning to royal favour. The Croyland Chronicle (or " Crowland Chronicle " is an important if not always reliable primary source for English Medieval history in particular There is no conclusive evidence of Richard genuinely having intended to marry Elizabeth, although Sir George Buck later claimed to have uncovered a letter from Elizabeth (now lost) which indicated she had been involved. Sir George Buck or Buc (1560 &ndash 1622 was an Antiquarian who served as Master of the Revels to King James I of England.
On 22 August 1485, her fiance and her uncle fought at the Battle of Bosworth Field; Richard, betrayed by his most powerful retainers, was killed in battle and Henry took the crown by right of conquest as Henry VII. Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. The Battle of Bosworth or Bosworth Field ( 22 August, 1485) was Lancastrian Henry Tudor's defeat of Yorkist Richard The right of conquest is the purported Right of a conqueror to territory taken by force of arms
Queen consort
Henry had taken the throne by right of conquest, as the leader of the House of Lancaster. Although he acknowledged the necessity of marrying Elizabeth, in order to secure his claim to the throne, and weaken or nullify the claims of the surviving members of the House of York, he had no intention of calling his own rights into question: he wanted it to be clear that he ruled as King, not as Elizabeth's husband, and he did not intend to share power with her. Because of this, although he had the Titulus Regius repealed immediately by his first Parliament (which had the effect of legitimising the children of Edward IV, including Elizabeth, and acknowledging the 'reign' of Edward V), since he did not want either the legitimacy of his wife or her claim as heiress of Edward IV to be called into question (indeed, he ordered that all copies of the bill be destroyed without being read, so determined was he to nullify its effects), he chose to be crowned on 30 October 1485 still unmarried. Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. Even then, he did not marry her, having not yet received the Papal dispensation to do so; eventually, Parliament made a petition on behalf of the people that he honour his sacred oath and marry her. After receiving the Dispensation, he did so on 18 January 1486. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Their first son, Arthur, was born on 20 September 1486; Henry had Elizabeth crowned Queen consort a year later, on 25 November 1487. Arthur Tudor (19 or 20 September 1486 - 2 April 1502 was the first son of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and therefore heir to the throne Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the
The marriage would prove relatively successful, and both partners appear to have cared for each other. As a queen, she was unimportant; but she was gentle and kind, and generous to her relations, her servants and benefactors; so much so that her income never covered her expenses. She was fond of dancing, of music, dicing; she kept greyhounds, and she may have been fond of archery and hunting. It is well known that Henry VII personally signed the account book of the Treasurer of his Chamber; Elizabeth signed her own accounts too.
Children
Elizabeth was a renowned beauty- inheriting her father's fair hair and complexion. Elizabeth and Henry VII had seven children (or possibly eight, but only seven are shown in the commemorative picture painted in about 1509):[1]
- Arthur, Prince of Wales (20 September 1486 – 2 April 1502). Arthur Tudor (19 or 20 September 1486 - 2 April 1502 was the first son of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and therefore heir to the throne Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of
- Margaret, Queen consort of Scotland (28 November 1489 – 18 October 1541). Margaret Tudor ( 28 November, 1489 &ndash 18 October 1541) was the elder of the two surviving daughters of Henry VII of England For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid
- Henry, Duke of York, later Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547). Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Events 1077 - Walk to Canossa: The Excommunication of Henry IV Holy Roman Emperor is lifted
- Elizabeth Tudor (2 July 1492 – 14 September 1495). Elizabeth Tudor ( July 2, 1492 &ndash September 14, 1495) was the second daughter and fourth child of Henry VII of England and Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus.
- Mary, Queen consort of France (18 March 1496 – 25 June 1533). This article is about Mary Queen consort of France. For her niece and namesake Mary Tudor Queen regnant of England, see Mary I Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians
- Edmund, Duke of Somerset (21 February 1499 – 19 June 1500). Edmund Tudor Duke of Somerset ( February 21, 1499 Greenwich Palace &ndash June 19, 1500) was the sixth child of Henry VII Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros.
- Edward Tudor. Edward Tudor was the supposed son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He may not have actually existed. His date of birth and death are unknown. The name "Edward" is suspected to be an error for "Edmund" Tudor, Duke of Somerset. However, this name is listed in official records as a child of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. Edward is also mentioned as having died young in Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy by Alison Weir, who assumes the child to have been buried with his family in Westminster Abbey. Alison Weir (born 1951) is a British Writer of History books mostly in the form of biographies about British royalty The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church
- Katherine Tudor (born/died 2 February 1503). Katherine Tudor may refer to Katherine Tudor Princess of England, daughter of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York Katheryn of Berain Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor
Death
On 14 November 1501, Elizabeth's eldest son, Arthur, married the Spanish infanta, Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, and the pair were sent off to Ludlow Castle, the traditional residence of the Prince of Wales. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536 also known as Catharine, Katherine or Katharine ( Castilian Infanta Catalina Ferdinand II of Aragon the Catholic (Fernando II de Aragón y V de Castilla "el Católico" Ferran II d'Aragó "el Catòlic" Ferrando II d'Aragón Half a year later, Arthur was dead, and Catherine widowed. The news caused Henry VII to break down in grief; Elizabeth comforted him, telling him that "my Lady his mother had never had no more children but him only, and that God . . . had left him yet a fair prince, two fair princesses; and that God is where he was and we are both young enough [for more children]".
Arthur's death prompted the couple to become pregnant once more, in an attempt to strengthen the succession. Elizabeth, who was already nearing age 37, carried the baby successfully to term; the resulting child, a girl named Katherine Tudor, was born and died on 2 February 1503. Katherine Tudor may refer to Katherine Tudor Princess of England, daughter of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York Katheryn of Berain Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Succumbing to a post-partum infection, Elizabeth herself died on 11 February, her 37th birthday. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Her husband would appear to have sincerely mourned her death: according to one account, he "privily departed to a solitary place and would no man should resort unto him". Despite his reputation for thrift, he gave her a splendid funeral: she lay in state in the Tower, and was then buried in Westminster Abbey, in the Lady Chapel Henry had built. He later entertained vague thoughts of remarriage in order to renew the alliance with Spain - Juana, Dowager Queen of Naples (the niece of Ferdinand II of Aragon), Joanna, Queen of Castile (the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella), and Margaret, Dowager Duchess of Savoy (the sister-in-law of Joanna of Castile) were all considered - but eventually died in 1509, still a widower. Giovanna of Naples ( 1478 - 27 August, 1518) was the Queen consort of Ferdinand II of Naples. He was buried with Elizabeth; they can be found today, buried under their effigies in his chapel.
Legacy
Her second son Henry VIII of England followed his father as king, her eldest daughter Margaret married James IV of Scotland, and her youngest child Mary married Louis XII of France. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Margaret Tudor ( 28 November, 1489 &ndash 18 October 1541) was the elder of the two surviving daughters of Henry VII of England James IV ( 17 March 1473 &ndash 9 September 1513) was King of Scots from 11 June 1488 to his death This article is about Mary Queen consort of France. For her niece and namesake Mary Tudor Queen regnant of England, see Mary I Louis XII ( June 27, 1462 – January 1, 1515) called "the Father of the People" (Le Père du Peuple was the thirty-fifth king Margaret was the mother of James V of Scotland, the grandmother of Mary, Queen of Scots, and thus the great-grandmother of James VI of Scotland and I of England, from whom all subsequent British monarchs are descended. James V (10 April 1512 &ndash 14 December 1542 was King of Scots from 9 September 1513 until his death James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James
Elizabeth of York is the only English Queen to have been a wife, daughter, sister, niece and mother to English Kings.
Ancestry
References
- Ashley, Mike (2002). British Kings & Queens. Carroll & Graf. ISBN 0-7867-1104-3. page 227
Sources
External links
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Elizabeth of York
Cadet branch of the House of Plantagenet
Born: 11 February 1466 Died: 11 February 1503 |
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| English royalty | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence |
Heir to the English Throne as heiress presumptive 11 February 1466 - 30 October 1470 |
Succeeded by Edward of Westminster |
| Vacant
Title last held by
Anne Neville |
Queen Consort of England 18 January 1486 - 11 February 1503 |
Vacant
Title next held by
Catherine of Aragon |
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