Eliza Roxcy Snow Smith Young (January 21, 1804–December 5, 1887) was one of the most celebrated Latter-day Saint women of the nineteenth century. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A Latter The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar A renowned poet, she chronicled history, celebrated nature and relationships, and expounded scripture and doctrine. She was a plural wife of both Joseph Smith, Jr.[1] and Brigham Young and was the second general president of the Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1866 until her death. Brigham Young (June 1 1801 &ndash August 29 1877 was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. The Relief Society is a philanthropic and educational women's organization and an official Auxiliary organization of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Born in Becket, Massachusetts on 21 January 1804, Snow was the second daughter of Oliver and Rosetta Snow. Becket is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. When she was two years old, her family left New England to settle on a new and fertile farm in the Western Reserve valley, in Mantua, Ohio. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the Mantua (ˈmænəweɪ MAN-uh-way is a village in Portage County, Ohio, United States. Ohio ( is a Midwestern state of the United States. As part of the Great Lakes region, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads The Snow family valued learning and saw that each child had educational opportunities. Eliza worked as secretary for her father in his office as justice of the peace. She gained renown for her poetry in her early twenties, publishing in local newspapers, and winning awards for her work.
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Early church involvement
Snow's Baptist parents welcomed a variety of religious believers into their home. Baptist is a term describing individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. In 1828, Snow and her parents joined Alexander Campbell’s Christian restorationist movement, the Disciples of Christ. The year 1828 ( MDCCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Alexander Campbell (1788 &ndash 1866 was an early leader in the Second Great Awakening of the religious movement that has been referred to as the Restoration, or For other usages see Restoration (general disambiguation Apokatastasis (universal restoration Christian Zionism (restoration of Israel and When Joseph Smith, Jr., the Latter Day Saint prophet, took up residence in Hiram, Ohio, four miles from the Snow farm in 1831, the Snow family took a strong interest in the new religious movement. A Latter In Religion, a prophet (or prophetess) is a person who has encountered the Supernatural or the divine and serves as an intermediary Hiram is a village in Portage County, Ohio, United States. It was formed from portions of Hiram Township in the Connecticut Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Eliza's mother and sister joined the Latter Day Saint Church early on; several years later, in 1835, Eliza was baptized and moved to Kirtland, Ohio, which was at the time the headquarters of the Church. Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common For other places with the same name see Kirtland Kirtland is a city in Lake County, Ohio, USA. Upon her arrival, Eliza donated her inheritance, a large sum of money, toward the building of the Church's Kirtland Temple. The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area In appreciation, the building committee provided her with the title to “a very valuable [lot]-situated near the Temple, with a fruit tree-an excellent spring of water, and house that accommodated two families. ” Here Eliza taught school for Joseph Smith's family and was influential in interesting her younger brother Lorenzo Snow in the young Church. Lorenzo Snow ( April 3, 1814 – October 10, 1901) was the fifth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Lorenzo later became fifth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. In the Latter Day Saint movement, the President of the Church is generally considered to be the highest office of the church The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known
Snow moved west with her family and the body of the Church, first to Adam-ondi-Ahman, a short-lived LDS settlement in Missouri, and then to Nauvoo, Illinois. Adam-ondi-Ahman (sometimes clipped to Diahman) is a historic site along the east bluffs above the Grand River in Daviess County, Missouri. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee There is also a Nauvoo Alabama, and a Nauvoo Pennsylvania Nauvoo ( is a small city in Hancock County, Illinois The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. In Nauvoo, Snow again made her living as a school teacher. She married Joseph Smith, on 29 June 1842, as a plural wife. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Eliza fondly wrote of Joseph, “my beloved husband, the choice of my heart and the crown of my life” (Derr, p. 87).
After Smith's assassination in June 1844, Snow married Brigham Young as a plural wife "for time only. Year 1844 ( MDCCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Brigham Young (June 1 1801 &ndash August 29 1877 was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. " She traveled west across the plains and arrived in the Salt Lake Valley on 2 October 1847. Salt Lake Valley is a 500 square mile valley in Salt Lake County in the north-central portion of the U Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common There, childless Eliza became a prominent member of Young's family, moving into an upper bedroom in Young's Salt Lake City residence, the Lion House. Salt Lake City is the Capital and the most populous city of the U The Lion House was built in 1856 by Brigham Young in Salt Lake City, Utah to accommodate his family of approximately 27 women and 56 children
Relief Society service
Snow served as the first secretary of the LDS women's Nauvoo Female Relief Society in 1842 under the presidency of Emma Smith. The Relief Society is a philanthropic and educational women's organization and an official Auxiliary organization of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Emma Hale Smith Bidamon ( 10 July 1804 – 30 April 1879) was married to Joseph Smith Jr Called by Brigham Young in 1866 to help bishops organize Relief Societies in local wards and to "instruct the sisters," Eliza traveled throughout Utah Territory encouraging women to attend meetings, sustain priesthood leaders, and support Young's economic programs. Brigham Young (June 1 1801 &ndash August 29 1877 was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a ward is the larger of two types of local congregations (the smaller being a branch) In the Latter Day Saint movement, priesthood is considered to be the power and authority of God including the authority to act as a leader in the church and to perform
Snow’s presidency emphasized spirituality and self-sufficiency. The Relief Society sent women to medical school, trained nurses, opened the Deseret Hospital, operated cooperative stores, promoted silk manufacture, saved wheat, and built granaries. In 1872 Snow provided assistance and advice to Louisa L. Greene in the creation of a woman's publication loosely affiliated with the Relief Society—the Woman's Exponent. Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Louisa Lula Greene Richards ( April 8, 1849 – 1944 was a poet and was the first female periodical editor in Utah Territory. Snow's responsibilities also extended to young women and children within the Church. She was a primary organizer for the Young Ladies' Mutual Improvement Association in 1870 and assisted Aurelia Spencer Rogers in establishing the Primary Association in 1878. The Young Women (often referred to incorrectly as Young Women's or Young Woman's) is a youth organization and an official auxiliary of The Church of Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Aurelia Read Spencer Rogers ( October 4, 1834 &ndash August 19, 1922) was the founder of Primary, the children's organization and The Primary (formerly the Primary Association) is a children's organization and an official auxiliary within The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Snow served as president of the Relief Society until her death in 1887. Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common By 1888, the Relief Society had more than 22,000 members in 400 local wards and branches. Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
Snow died on December 5, 1887, in Salt Lake City, and was buried in Brigham Young's family cemetery.
Poetry
Eliza R. Snow wrote poetry from a young age, one time even writing school lessons in rhyme. Between 1826 and 1832 she published more than 20 poems in local newspapers, including the Ravenna, Ohio Western Courier and the Ohio Star, using various pen names. For the game see 1826 (board game. Year 1826 ( MDCCCXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display Year 1832 ( MDCCCXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Ravenna is a city in Portage County, Ohio, United States. It was formed from portions of Ravenna Township in the Connecticut Western Reserve A number of Snow's poems were set to music and have become important LDS hymns, some of which appear in the current edition of the LDS Hymnal. This article is about LDS church hymns in general for the book see Hymns of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (1985 book The singing of Hymns This article is about the named book (hymnal specifically For general information about said church hymns see The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints hymns. One of her hymns, "Great is the Lord", was published in the first Latter-day Saint Hymnbook in 1835, the year of her baptism. Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common In Nauvoo, Eliza R. There is also a Nauvoo Alabama, and a Nauvoo Pennsylvania Nauvoo ( is a small city in Hancock County, Illinois Snow gained unique distinction as a Mormon poet featured in local newspapers, and she was later called "Zion's Poetess. TalkMormon#Latter Day Saint vs Latter-day Saint --> Mormon " She continued to write poems as she crossed the plains, documenting the pioneer trail and life in Utah. The State of Utah (ˈjuːtɔː or) is a western state of the United States. The first of her two volumes of Poems, Religious, Historical, and Political appeared in 1856, followed by the second in 1877. Year 1856 ( MDCCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Some of her poems include:
- "How Great the Wisdom and the Love" (text)
- "Invocation, or the Eternal Father and Mother" ("Oh, My Father") (text)
- "Be Not Discouraged" (text)
- "My First View of a Western Prairie" (text)
- "Mental Gas" (text)
- "Think not When You Gather to Zion Your Troubles and Trials are Through"
- "O Awake! My Slumbering Minstrel"
One of her best-known poems, "Invocation, or the Eternal Father and Mother," was written soon after the death of her father, just over a year after the death of Joseph Smith, who taught concepts of the eternal family (Eliza R. Snow, "My Father in Heaven", Times and Seasons 6 [15 November 1845]; see Derr, below). This poem, renamed "O My Father", is included in the current LDS Hymnal. "O My Father" (originally "My Father in Heaven", also "Invocation or The Eternal Father and Mother " is a Latter-day Saint This article is about the named book (hymnal specifically For general information about said church hymns see The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints hymns.
Publications
- Snow, Eliza R. "Biography and Family Record of Lorenzo Snow, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints." Salt Lake City, Deseret News, 1884.
- --Reprinted 1999, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Salt Lake City.
- Snow, Eliza R. Poems: Religious, Historical and Political. 2 vols. (Liverpool: F. D. Richards, 1856).
References
- Allen, James B. and Leonard, Glen M. The Story of the Latter-day Saints. Deseret Book Co. , Salt Lake City, UT, 1976. ISBN 0-87747-594-6.
- Beecher, Maureen Ursenbach, editor. The Personal Writings of Eliza Roxcy Snow. Salt Lake City, University of Utah Press, 1995.
- Compton, Todd M. In Sacred Loneliness: the Plural Wives of Joseph Smith. Salt Lake City, Signature Books, 1997, pp. 306-41.
- Derr, Jill Mulvay. "The Significance of 'O My Father' in the Personal Journey of Eliza R. Snow", BYU Studies 36, no. 1 (1996-97).
- Palmer, Spencer J. , Editor. "Eliza R. Snow's 'Sketch of my Life': Reminiscences of One of Joseph Smith's Plural Wives. " "BYU Studies" 12 (Autumn 1971).
- Peterson, Janet; Gaunt, LaRene (1990). Elect Ladies: Presidents of the Relief Society. Deseret Book Co. , Salt Lake City, UT. ISBN 978-0-87579-416-7.
- Scott, Patricia Lyn and Linda Thatcher, editors. Women in Utah History: Paradigm or Paradox? Utah State University Press, Logan, Utah, 2005. ISBN 978-0-87421-625-7
See also
External links
| Preceded by Emma Hale Smith |
President of the Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1866–1887 |
Succeeded by Zina D. H. Young |
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