| Elisabeth | |
| Queen of Romania | |
 Queen Elisabeth of Romania |
|
| Coronation | 13 March 1881 |
|---|---|
| Titles | Princess of Wied |
| Born | 29 December, 1843 |
| Birthplace | Schloss Monrepos |
| Died | 2 November, 1916 |
| Place of death | Bucharest |
| Buried | The Cathedral of the Curtea de Argeş Monastery |
| Consort | 15 November 1869 – September, 1914 |
| Consort to | Carol I |
| Issue | Maria (Mărioara) |
| Royal House | House of Wied |
| Father | Prince Hermann of Wied |
| Mother | Marie of Nassau-Weilburg |
Pauline Elisabeth Ottilie Luise zu Wied (December 29, 1843 - November 2, 1916) was the Queen Consort of King Carol I of Romania, widely known by her literary name of Carmen Sylva. Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Monrepos was also a grand and famous park in the Finnish city of Viipuri, now Vyborg Russia. Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. The Cathedral of Curtea de Argeş (early 16th century is one of the most famous buildings in Romania, and stands in the grounds of a monastery 1 1/2 m north of Curtea Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events in September It is the start of the academic year in many countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 - Princess Maria/Marie of Romania ( Maria/Marie von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, 8 September 1870 – 9 April 1874) was the only child of Wied was a County of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, located on the Wied River where it meets the Rhine. Events 1170 - Thomas Becket: Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II Year 1843 ( MDCCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 - She was the daughter of German Prince Hermann of Wied and his wife Marie, daughter of Wilhelm, Duke of Nassau (and sister of Grand Duke Adolphe of Luxembourg). The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as Wilhelm Duke of Nassau ( Given names: Georg Wilhelm August Heinrich Belgicus zu Nassau) ( 14 June, 1792, Kirchheimbolanden - 20 Ancestors She was a prospective bride for Edward VII of the United Kingdom, then Prince of Wales. Prince of Wales (Tywysog Cymru is a title traditionally granted to the Heir Apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (and formerly the Kingdom She first met the future king of Romania at Berlin in 1861, and was married to him on the November 15, 1869. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Her only child, a daughter, Maria died in 1874. Princess Maria/Marie of Romania ( Maria/Marie von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, 8 September 1870 – 9 April 1874) was the only child of Year 1874 ( MDCCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
In the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 she devoted herself to the care of the wounded, and founded the Order of Elizabeth (a gold cross on a blue ribbon) to reward distinguished service in such work. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 had its origins in a rise in nationalism in the Balkans as well as in the Russian goal of recovering territorial losses it had suffered Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Imperial Austrian Order of Elizabeth ( German Kaiserlich österreichischer Elizabeth-Orden) founded in 1898 by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria Hungary She fostered the higher education of women in Romania, and established societies for various charitable objects.
Early distinguished by her excellence as a pianist, organist and singer, she also showed considerable ability in painting and illuminating; but a lively poetic imagination led her to the path of literature, and more especially to poetry, folk-lore and ballads. In addition to numerous original works she put into literary form many of the legends current among the Romanian peasantry.
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Literary activity
As "Carmen Sylva", she wrote with facility in German, Romanian, French and English. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States A few of her voluminous writings, which include poems, plays, novels, short stories, essays, collections of aphorisms, etc. , may be singled out for special mention:
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- Her earliest publications were "Sappho" and "Hammerstein", two poems which appeared at Leipzig in 1880. The House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen is the Cadet branch of the senior Swabian branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty less known than the Franconian Carol I of Romania, original name Prince Karl Eitel Friedrich Zephyrinus Ludwig of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, later simply of Hohenzollern (April 20th 1839 - Princess Maria/Marie of Romania ( Maria/Marie von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, 8 September 1870 – 9 April 1874) was the only child of Ferdinand I ( 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927) was the King of the Romanians from October 10 1914 until his death Princess Marie of Edinburgh (Marie Alexandra Victoria later Queen of Romania; 29 October 1875 &ndash 10 July / 18 July 1938 Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 For Queen Elisabeth of Romania, wife of Carol I, see Elisabeth of Wied. For her mother Queen Marie of Romania please see Marie of Edinburgh. Biography Born in Peleş Castle, Sinaia, Nicholas was the younger brother of Carol, Heir apparent, who renounced his rights of succession Princess Ileana of Romania ( 5 January 1909 - 21 January 1991) was the youngest daughter of Ferdinand I of Romania, King of the Carol II of Romania ( 15 October / 16 October 1893 &ndash 4 April 1953) reigned as King of Romania from June 8 Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Michael King of the Romanians, Prince of Hohenzollern (born October 25, 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (Maiestatea Queen Anne of Romania, (born Princess Anne Antoinette Françoise Charlotte of Bourbon-Parma on September 18, 1923) is the wife of the former Princess Margarita of Romania ( Margareta in the Romanian language) Princess of Hohenzollern (styled Crown Princess of Romania) (b Titles styles honours and arms Titles and styles 15 November 1950 - present: Her Royal Highness Princess Elena Princess Irina of Romania was born on 28 February 1953 in Lausanne, Switzerland. Princess Sophie/Sophia (Sofia of Romania was born on 28 October / 29 October 1957 in Tatoi, Greece, and is the fourth daughter of Princess Maria of Romania (b Hellerup, Denmark, 13 July 1964) is the youngest daughter and fifth child of Michael I (Mihai King This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong
- In 1888 she received the Prix Botta, a prize awarded triennially by the Académie française, for her volume of prose aphorisms Les Pensees d'une reine (Paris, 1882), a German version of which is entitled Vom Amboss (Bonn, 1890). L'Académie française, or the French Academy, is the pre-eminent French learned body on matters pertaining to the French language. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
- Cuvinte Sufletesci, religious meditations in Romanian (Bucharest, 1888), was also translated into German (Bonn, 1890), under the name of Seelen-Gespräche. Bucharest ( Romanian: Bucureşti) is the Capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania.
Several of the works of "Carmen Sylva" were written in collaboration with Mite Kremnitz, one of her maids of honor, who was born at Greifs-wald in 1857, and married Dr Kremnitz of Bucharest; these were published between 1881 and 1888, in some cases under the pseudonyms Dito et Idem. Mite Kremnitz ( January 4, 1852, Greifswald &ndash July 18, 1916 in Berlin) born Marie von Bardeleben ( Click here for Indian Rebellion of 1857 Year 1857 ( MDCCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the These include:
- Aus zwei Welten (Leipzig, 1884), a novel
- Anna Boleyn (Bonn, 1886), a tragedy,
- In der Irre (Bonn, 1888), a collection of short stories
- Edleen Vaughan, or Paths of Peril, a novel (London, 1894),
- Sweet Hours, poems (London, 1904), written in English. Anne Boleyn (1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536 was the Queen of England as the second wife of Henry VIII of England.
Among the translations made by "Carmen Sylva" are:
- German versions of Pierre Loti's romance Pecheur d'Islande
- German versions of Paul de St Victor's dramatic criticisms Les Deux Masques (Paris, 1881-1884);
- and especially The Bard of the Dimbovitza, an English translation of Elena Văcărescu's collection of Romanian folk-songs, etc. Elena Văcărescu or Hélène Vacaresco ( September 21 1864, Bucharest - February 17 1947, Paris) was a , entitled Lieder aus dem Dimbovitzathal (Bonn, 1889), translated by "Carmen Sylva" and Alma Strettell.
The Bard of the Dimbovitza was first published in 1891, and was soon reissued and expanded. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Translations from the original works of "Carmen Sylva" have appeared in all the principal languages of Europe and in Armenian. The Armenian language (hy հայերեն լեզու hajɛɹɛn lɛzu —, conventional short form) is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenian
The Văcărescu affair
In 1881, due to the lack of heirs to the Romanian throne, King Carol I adopted his nephew, Ferdinand. Ferdinand I ( 24 August 1865 – 20 July 1927) was the King of the Romanians from October 10 1914 until his death Ferdinand, a complete stranger in his new home, started to get close to one of Elisabeth's ladies in waiting Elena Văcărescu. Elena Văcărescu or Hélène Vacaresco ( September 21 1864, Bucharest - February 17 1947, Paris) was a Elizabeth, very close to Elena herself, encouraged the romance, although she was perfectly aware of the fact that a marriage between the two was forbidden by the Romanian constitution. (According to the 1866 Constitution of Romania, the heir to the throne was not allowed to marry a Romanian). The 1991 Constitution of Romania is the fundamental law that establishes the structure of the government of Romania, the rights and obligations of the country's citizens and
The result of this was the exile of both Elisabeth (in Neuwied) and Elena (in Paris), as well as a trip by Ferdinand through Europe in search of a suitable bride, whom he eventually found in Marie of Edinburgh. Neuwied (nɔʏˈviːt is a town in the north of the German state Rhineland-Palatinate, capital of the District of Neuwied. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Princess Marie of Edinburgh (Marie Alexandra Victoria later Queen of Romania; 29 October 1875 &ndash 10 July / 18 July 1938 The affair helped reinforce Elisabeth's image as a dreamer and eccentric.
A Republican Queen
Quite unusually for a monarch, Elisabeth of Wied was personally of the opinion that a Republican form of government was preferable to Monarchy - an opinion which she expressed forthrightly in her diary, though she did not make it public at the time:
I must sympathize with the Social Democrats, especially in view of the inaction and corruption of the nobles. Social democracy is a Political ideology of the left and centre-left These "little people", after all, want only what nature confers: equality. The Republican form of government is the only rational one. I can never understand the foolish people, the fact that they continue to tolerate us. [1]
References
- ^ Eugen Wolbe, Carmen Sylva, Leipzig, 1933, p. 137, here quoted from Brigitte Hamann, Elisabeth: Kaiserin wider Willen, Munich, 1982, translated to English as The Reluctant Empress, New York, 1986 (a biography of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, who was Elisabeth of Wied's friend). Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie ( 24 December, 1837 &ndash 10 September, 1898) of the House of Wittelsbach, was the Empress
See also
- The Romanian pioneer Julius Popper named after her Sierra Carmen Silva (now in Chile) and Río Carmen Silva (in Argentina, also Río Chico) in Patagonia. Julius Popper ( December 15 1857 – June 5 1893) was an Engineer, Adventurer and Explorer of Romanian Jewish Río Chico is a city in the state of Miranda, Venezuela. It is the capital of Páez Municipality. Llao LLaojpg|thumb|250px| Lake Nahuel Huapi, near Bariloche, Argentina
External links
Bibliography
- Eugen Wolbe, "Carmen Sylva", Leipzig, 1933
- Gabriel Badea-Päun, Carmen Sylva - Uimitoarea Regină Elisabeta a României, 1843-1916, Bucharest, Humanitas, 2003, second edition in 2007. ISBN 978-973-50-1101-7.
- Gabriel Badea-Päun, Jean-Jules-Antoine Lecomte du Nouÿ (1842-1923) à la cour royale de Roumanie, dans Bulletin de la Société de l'Historie de l'Art Français, Année 2005, Paris, 2006, p. 257-281.
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