An electric guitar is a type of guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into electrical current, which is then amplified. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles A pickup device acts as a Transducer that captures mechanical vibrations (usually from suitably equipped Stringed instruments such as the Electric guitar The signal that comes from the guitar is sometimes electronically altered to achieve various tonal effects prior to being fed into an amplifier, which produces the final sound. An instrument amplifier is an Electronic amplifier that converts the inaudible electric or electronic signal from musical instruments such as an Electric guitar The electric guitar was first used in jazz and has also long been used in many other popular styles of music, including almost all genres of rock and roll, country music, blues, ambient (or "new-age"), and even contemporary classical music. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Contemporary classical music can be understood as belonging to a period that started in the mid-1970s with the retreat of modernism.

History

The need for an amplified guitar became apparent during the big band era, as jazz orchestras of the 1930s and 1940s increased in size, with larger brass sections. A big band is a type of Musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late Initially, electric guitars used in jazz consisted primarily of hollow archtop acoustic guitar bodies to which electromagnetic transducers had been attached. The term jazz guitar may refer to either a type of guitar or to the variety of playing styles used in the various genres which are commonly termed " Jazz An archtop guitar is a steel-stringed acoustic or semi-acoustic Guitar with a full body and a distinctive arched top whose sound is particularly

Early years

Electric guitars were originally designed by an assortment of luthiers - guitar makers, electronics enthusiasts, and instrument manufacturers, in varying combinations.

Guitar innovator Les Paul experimented with microphones attached to guitars. Les Paul (born Lester William Polsfuss on June 9 1915) is an American Jazz guitarist and Inventor. ^[1] Some of the earliest electric guitars, then essentially adapted hollow bodied acoustic instruments, used tungsten pickups and were manufactured beginning in 1931 by Electro String Instrument Corporation in Los Santos under the direction of Adolph Rickenbacher and George Beauchamp. A semi-acoustic guitar or hollow-body electric is a type of Electric guitar with both a Sound box and one or more electric pickups. A steel-string acoustic guitar, is a modern form of Guitar descended from the Classical guitar, but strung with steel strings for a brighter louder sound A Tungsten or Tungs-Tone is a type of Phonograph Stylus. They are constructed from Tungsten wire which is held in a metal shank Their first design of a hollow body guitar instrument that used tungsten pickups was built by Harry Watson, a craftsman who worked for the Electro String Company. This new guitar which the company called "Rickenbackers" would be the first of its kind. ^[2]

The earliest documented use of the electric guitar in performance was during October 1932 in Wichita, Kansas by guitarist and bandleader Gage Brewer who had obtained two instruments directly from George Beauchamp of Los Angeles, California. George D Beauchamp (1899 &ndash 1941 inventor of musical instruments and co-founder of National Stringed Instrument Corporation and Rickenbacker. Brewer publicized them in an article appearing in the Wichita Beacon, October 2, 1932 and through a Halloween performance later that month. Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar.

The first recording of an electric guitar was by jazz guitarist George Barnes who recorded two songs in Chicago on March 1st, 1938: Sweetheart Land and It's a Low-Down Dirty Shame. George Barnes may refer to George Nicoll Barnes (1859&ndash1940 &mdash Scottish politician Leader of the UK Labour Party George Barnes (actor Many historians incorrectly attribute the first recording to Eddie Durham, but his recording with the Kansas City Five was not until 15 days later. Darlene Edwards 43 Frank Sheppard 46 Earl "Skip" Sheppard 37 Bryan Sheppard 26 and Richard Brown 26 all Native Americans, were convicted of setting a fire that caused ^[3] Durham introduced the instrument to a young Charlie Christian, who made the instrument famous in his brief life and is generally known as the first electric guitarist and a major influence on jazz guitarists for decades thereafter. Charlie Christian (Charles Henry Christian ( 29 July 1916 &ndash 2 March 1942) was an American swing and Bebop As a bit of trivia, the first recording of an electric guitar west of the Mississippi occurred in Dallas, September 28, 1935, during a session with Roy Newman and His Boys, an early Western swing dance band. This article is about the Musical genre. For the popular western swing Steel guitar tuning see E9 tuning. Their guitarist, Jim Boyd, used his electrically amplified guiter during the recording of three songs, "Hot Dog Stomp" (DAL 178-Vo 03371), "Shine On, Harvest Moon" (DAL 180-Vo 03272), and "Corrine, Corrina" (DAL 181-Vo/OK 03117). "Shine On Harvest Moon" is the name of a popular early-1900s song credited to Jack Norworth and his wife Nora Bayes. " Corrine Corrina " is a 12 bar country blues song in the AAB form ^[4][5][6] An even earlier Chicago recording of an electrically amplified guitar—albeit an amplified lap steel guitar—was during a series of session by Milton Brown and His Brownies (another early Western swing band) that took place January 27-28, 1935, wherein Bob Dunn played his amplified Hawaiian guitar. Milton Brown ( 8 September 1903 Stephenville Texas - 13 April 1936 Crystal Falls Stephens County Robert Lee "Bob" Dunn was a jazz trombonist and a pioneer Western swing steel guitarist ^[7]

The version of the instrument that is best known today is the solid body electric guitar, a guitar made of solid wood, without resonating airspaces within it. A solid body electric instrument is a String instrument such as a guitar, bass or Violin built without its normal Sound box and relying Rickenbacher, later spelled Rickenbacker, did, however, offer a cast aluminum electric steel guitar, nicknamed The Frying Pan or The Pancake Guitar, beginning in 1931. The "Frying Pan" was the first Electric guitar ever produced This guitar is reported to have sounded quite modern and aggressive when tested by vintage guitar researcher John Teagle. The company Audiovox built and may have offered an electric solid-body as early as the mid-1930s. Audiovox Corporation ( established in 1965 Audiovox continues to operate and expand under its chairman and founder John J

Another early solid body electric guitar was designed and built by musician and inventor Les Paul in the early 1940s, working after hours in the Epiphone Guitar factory. Les Paul (born Lester William Polsfuss on June 9 1915) is an American Jazz guitarist and Inventor. The Epiphone Company is a Musical instrument manufacturer founded in 1873 by Anastasios Stathopoulos His log guitar (so called because it consisted of a simple 4x4 wood post with a neck attached to it and homemade pickups and hardware, with two detachable Swedish hollow body halves attached to the sides for appearance only) was patented and is often considered to be the first of its kind, although it shares nothing in design or hardware with the solid body "Les Paul" model sold by Gibson.

In about 1945, Richard D. Bourgerie, who worked through World War II at Howard Radio Company making electronic equipment for the American military, made an electric guitar pickup and amplifier for professional guitar player George Barnes. Mr. Barnes showed the result to Les Paul, who then arranged for Mr. Bourgerie to have one made for him.

Fender

Main article: Fender Musical Instruments Corporation

In the year of 1946, radio repairman and instrument amplifier maker Clarence Leonidas Fender—better known as Leo Fender—through his eponymous company, designed the first commercially successful solid-body electric guitar with a single magnetic pickup, which was initially named the "Esquire". Clarence Leonidas Fender ( August 10, 1909 - March 21, 1991) also known as Leo Fender, was an American inventor who The Fender Esquire is a solid body Electric guitar manufactured by Fender, and was the first guitar sold by Fender in 1950 This was a departure from the typically hollow-bodied Jazz-oriented instruments of the time and immediately found favor with Country-Western artists in California. The two-pickup version of the Esquire was called the "Broadcaster". However, Gretsch had a drumset marketed with a similar name (Broadkaster), so Fender changed the name to "Telecaster" in homage to the new phenomenon of television. Gretsch is a US Musical instrument manufacturer currently being distributed by Guitar company Fender and Drum craft company The Fender Telecaster, also known as the Tele (pronounced Telly is typically a dual-pickup solid-body Electric guitar made by Fender.

Features of the Telecaster included: an ash body; a maple 25½" scale, 21-fret or 22-fret neck attached to the body with four-bolts reinforced by a steel neckplate; two single-coil, 6-pole pickups (bridge and neck positions) with tone and volume knobs, pickup selector switch; and an output jack mounted on the side of the body. Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. A black bakelite pickguard concealed body routings for pickups and wiring.

The bolt-on neck was consistent with Leo Fender's belief that the instrument design should be modular to allow cost-effective and consistent manufacture and assembly, as well as simple repair or replacement. Due to the earlier mentioned trademark issue, some of the first production Telecasters were delivered with headstock decals with the Fender logo but no model identification. These are today very much sought after, and commonly referred to by collectors as "Nocasters".

In 1953, Fender introduced the Fender Stratocaster, or "Strat. The Fender Stratocaster, often referred to as the Strat, is a model of Electric guitar designed by Leo Fender, George Fullerton and Freddie Tavares " The Strat was seen as a deluxe model and offered various product improvements and innovations over the Telecaster. These innovations included a well dried ash or alder double-cutaway body design for badge assembly with an integrated spring vibrato mechanism (called a synchronized tremolo by Fender, thus beginning a confusion of the terms that still continues), three single-coil pickups, and body comfort contours. Vibrato is a musical effect produced in singing and on musical instruments by a regular pulsating change of pitch, and is used to add expression and vocal-like qualities to A tremolo arm or tremolo bar (also called a "whammy bar" or "wang bar" is a lever attached to the bridge and/or the Tailpiece of Leo Fender is also credited with developing the first commercially-successful electric bass guitar called the Fender Precision Bass, introduced in 1951. The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the The Fender Precision Bass (sometimes shortened to the " P Bass " is an electric bass guitar, and was the first widely-available model of the instrument

Vox

In 1962 Vox introduced the pentagonal Phantom guitar, originally made in England but soon after made by Alter EKO of Italy. Vox is a musical equipment manufacturer which is most famous for making the Vox AC30 guitar amplifier, the Vox Electric organ, and a series of innovative It was followed a year later by the teardrop-shaped Mark VI, the prototype of which was used by Brian Jones of The Rolling Stones, and later Johnny Thunders of the New York Dolls. Lewis Brian Hopkin Jones (28 February 1942 – 3 July 1969 was a founding member and Guitarist of the English Rock group The Rolling Stones. Johnny Thunders, born John Anthony Genzale Jr ( July 15, 1952 - April 23, 1991) was an Italian American Rock and roll For the self-titled debut album see New York Dolls (album The New York Dolls are an American Glam rock band formed in Vox guitars also experimented with onboard effects and electronics. In the mid 1960s, as the sound of electric 12 string guitars became popular, Vox introduced the Phantom XII and Mark XII electric 12 string guitars as well as the Tempest XII which employed a more conventional Fender style body and thus is often overlooked as a Vox classic from the Sixties. The few that were manufactured also came from Italy. Vox also produced other traditional styles of 6 and 12 string electric guitars in both England and Italy.

Construction

Pickups

Main article: Pickup (music)

Compared with an acoustic guitar, which has a hollow body, electric guitars make comparatively little audible sound simply by having their strings plucked. A pickup device acts as a Transducer that captures mechanical vibrations (usually from suitably equipped Stringed instruments such as the Electric guitar Rather, the movement of the string generates (i. e. , "induces") a very small electrical current in the magnetic pickups, which are magnets wrapped with coils of very fine wire. A magnet (from Greek grc μαγνήτης λίθος " Magnesian stone" is a material or object that produces a Magnetic field. That current is then sent via a wire to an amplifier. ^[8] The current induced is proportional to such factors as the density of the string or the amount of movement over these pickups. That vibration is, in turn, affected by several factors, such as the composition and shape of the body.

Some hybrid electric-acoustic guitars are equipped with additional microphones or piezoelectric pickups (transducers) that sense mechanical vibration from the body. Piezoelectricity is the ability of some materials (notably Crystals and certain Ceramics including bone to generate an Electric potential in response to A transducer is a device usually electrical, electronic, Electro-mechanical, Electromagnetic, Photonic, or Photovoltaic Because in some cases it is desirable to isolate the pickups from the vibrations of the strings, a guitar's magnetic pickups will sometimes be embedded or "potted" in epoxy or wax to prevent the pickup from having a microphonic effect.

Because of their natural inductive qualities, all magnetic pickups tend to pick up ambient and usually unwanted electromagnetic noises. The resulting noise, the so-called "hum", is particularly strong with single-coil pickups, and aggravated by the fact that very few guitars are correctly shielded against electromagnetic interference. The most frequent cause is the strong 50 or 60 Hz component that is inherent in the frequency generation of current within the local power transmission system. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. Frequency is a measure of the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit Time. Electric power transmission, a process in the delivery of Electricity to consumers is the bulk transfer of electrical power As nearly all amplifiers and audio equipment associated with electrical guitars relies on this power, there is in theory little chance of completely eliminating the introduction of unwanted hum.

Double-coil or "humbucker" pickups were invented as a way to reduce or counter the unwanted ambient hum sounds. A conventional humbucker (or Humbucking pickup) is a type of Electric guitar pickup that uses two coils both generating string signal Humbuckers have two coils of opposite magnetic and electric polarity. This means that electromagnetic noise hitting both coils should cancel itself out. The two coils are wired in phase, so the signal picked up by each coil is added together. This creates the richer, "fatter" tone associated with humbucking pickups.

The optical pickup ^[9] senses string and body vibrations using LED light.

Tremolo arms

Main article: Tremolo arm

Some electric guitars have a tremolo arm (sometimes called a whammy bar or a vibrato bar^[10] and occasionally abbreviated as trem), a lever attached to the bridge which can slacken or tighten the strings temporarily, changing the pitch, thereby creating a vibrato effect. Vibrato is a musical effect produced in singing and on musical instruments by a regular pulsating change of pitch, and is used to add expression and vocal-like qualities to

Early tremolo systems, such as the Bigsby vibrato tailpiece, tended to be unreliable and cause the guitar to go out of tune quite easily, and also had a limited range. The Bigsby vibrato tailpiece (or Bigsby for short is a type of Vibrato device for Electric guitar designed by Paul A Later Fender designs were better, but Fender held the patent on these, so other companies used Bigsby-style tremolo for many years. Fender Musical Instruments Corporation of Quincy Illinois is a manufacturer of stringed instruments such as solid-body Electric guitars including the With the expiration of the Fender patent on the Stratocaster-style tremolo, various improvements on this type of internal, multi-spring tremolo system are now available. The Fender Stratocaster, often referred to as the Strat, is a model of Electric guitar designed by Leo Fender, George Fullerton and Freddie Tavares

Floyd Rose introduced one of the first improvements on the vibrato system in many years when in the late 1970s he began to experiment with "locking" nuts and bridges which work to prevent the guitar from losing tuning even under the most heavy whammy bar acrobatics. Floyd Rose is the organization that licenses distributes and manufactures the Floyd Rose Locking Tremolo invented by Floyd D Shred guitar performers such as Eddie Van Halen use the tremolo to create dramatic effects, as can be heard in the Van Halen guitar solo "Eruption. Shred guitar or shred refers to lead Electric guitar playing that relies heavily on fast passages the act of playing fast passages on an electric guitar is termed Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 " Eruption " is an instrumental by Van Halen from their first album Van Halen. "

Guitar necks

Electric guitars can have necks that vary according to composition as well as shape. The primary metric used to describe a guitar neck is the scale, which is the overall length of the strings from the nut to the bridge. A typical Fender guitar uses a 25. 5 inch scale, while Gibson uses a 24. 75 inch scale in their Les Paul. The Gibson Les Paul is a solidbody Electric guitar originally developed in the early 1950s The frets are placed proportionally according to the scale length, so the smaller the scale, the tighter the spacing of the frets.

Necks are described as bolt-on, set, or neck-through depending on how they are attached to the body. Neck-through or neck-thru (or in full form neck through body) is a method of Electric guitar or Bass guitar construction that involves extending Set necks are glued to the body in the factory, and are said to have greater sustain. Bolt-on necks were pioneered by Leo Fender to facilitate easy adjustment and replacement of the guitar neck. Fender Musical Instruments Corporation of Quincy Illinois is a manufacturer of stringed instruments such as solid-body Electric guitars including the Neck through instruments extend the neck itself to form the center of the guitar body and are also known for long sustain. While a set neck can be carefully unglued by a skilled Luthier, and a bolt-on neck can simply be unscrewed, a neck-through design is difficult or even impossible to repair, depending on the damage. Historically, the bolt-on style has been more popular for ease of installation and adjustment. Some instruments, such as semi-hollow Jazz/Rockabilly instruments and the Gibson Les Paul series have continued to use set/glued necks. Since bolt-on necks can be easily removed, there is an after-market in replacement bolt-on necks from companies such as Warmoth and Mighty Mite.

The materials used in the manufacture of the neck have great influence over the tone of the instrument. Hardwoods are very much preferred, with maple, ash, and mahogany topping the list. Acer ( maple) is a Genus of Trees or Shrubs They are variously classified in a family of their own the Aceraceae, or An ash can be any of four different tree genera from four very distinct families; most commonly in a combined form (e The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored wood originally the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West The neck and fingerboard can be made from different materials, such as a maple neck with a rosewood fingerboard. In the 1980s, exotic man-made materials such as graphite began to be used, but are pricey and never really replaced wood in production instruments. Such necks can be retrofitted to existing bolt-on instruments.

There are several different neck shapes used on guitars, including what are known as C necks, and V necks. These refer to the cross-sectional shape of the neck (especially near the nut). There are also several sizes of fret wire available, with traditional players often preferring thin frets, and metal shredders liking thick frets. Thin frets are considered better for playing chords, while thick frets allow lead guitarists to bend notes with less effort.

An electric guitar with a neck which folds back called the Foldaxe was designed and built for Chet Atkins by Roger Field (featured in Atkins' book "Me and My Guitars. "). Steinberger guitars developed a line of exotic instruments lacking headstocks, with tuning done on the bridge instead. Steinberger refers to a series of distinctive Electric guitars and Bass guitars designed and originally manufactured by Ned Steinberger.

Sound and effects

An acoustic guitar's sound is largely dependent on the vibration of the guitar's body and the air within it; the sound of an electric guitar is largely dependent on a magnetically induced electrical signal, generated by the vibration of metal strings near sensitive pickups. A steel-string acoustic guitar, is a modern form of Guitar descended from the Classical guitar, but strung with steel strings for a brighter louder sound In the fields of communications, Signal processing, and in Electrical engineering more generally a signal is any time-varying or spatial-varying quantity The signal is then "shaped" on its path to the amplifier by using a range of effect devices or circuits that modify the tone and characteristics of the signal. Generally an amplifier or simply amp, is any device that changes usually increases the amplitude of a signal.

In the 1960s, some guitarists began distorting the sound of the instrument by increasing the gain, or volume, of the preamplifier. In Electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a circuit (often an Amplifier) to increase the power or Amplitude of a The volume of any solid plasma vacuum or theoretical object is how much three- Dimensional space it occupies often quantified numerically A preamplifier (preamp or control amp in some parts of the world is an Electronic amplifier which precedes another amplifier to prepare an electronic This produces a "fuzzy" sound, and when viewed with an oscilloscope the wave forms appear to have had their peaks "clipped" off. This was not actually a new development in the instrument, but rather a shift of aesthetics. This sound was not generally recognized previously as desirable. In the 1960s, the tonal palette of the electric guitar was further modified by introducing an effects box in its signal path. In Music, timbre (ˈtæm-bər' like timber, or, from Fr timbre tɛ̃bʁ is the quality of a Musical note or sound that distinguishes different Effects units are devices that affect the sound of an electric instrument or other audio source (such as recorded material when plugged in to the electrical signal path the instrument Traditionally built in a small metal chassis with an on/off foot switch, such "stomp boxes" have become as much a part of the instrument for many electric guitarists as the electric guitar itself. A stomp box or stompbox is a simple Percussion instrument consisting of a small wooden box placed under the foot which is tapped or stamped on rhythmically to

Typical effects include stereo chorus, fuzz, wah-wah and flanging, compression/sustain, delay, reverb, and phase shift. A chorus effect is A condition in the way people perceive similar sounds coming from multiple sources A fuzzbox (or fuzz box) is a type of Effects pedal comprising an amplifier and a clipping circuit which generates a distorted version of the A wah-wah pedal (or just wah pedal) is a type of Guitar Effects pedal that alters the tone of the signal to create a distinctive effect intended to mimic Flanging is a time-based Audio effect that occurs when two identical signals are mixed together but with one signal time-delayed by a small and gradually changing amount Compression is a subtle effect primarily for Electric guitar where the highest and lowest points of the Sound wave are "limited" Delay is an Audio effect which records an input signal to an audio storage medium, and then plays it back after a period of time Reverberation is the persistence of Sound in a particular space after the original sound is removed A phaser is an Audio signal processing technique used to filter a signal by creating a series of peaks and troughs in the frequency spectrum

In 1967, with the release of Little Games, Jimmy Page of The Yardbirds introduced a way of playing the guitar with a violin bow, in the song "Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Sailor". Little Games is an Album by English Blues rock band The Yardbirds, released in 1967 (see 1967 in music) James Patrick Page, OBE (born 9 January 1944 is an English Guitarist, Composer and record producer The Yardbirds are an English rock band noted for starting the careers of three of rock's most famous Guitarists Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck He would produce the sound by running the bow downwards on the strings, while fingering chords. In addition, he would also smack the strings with the bow, making an unusual, brief noise.

In the 1970s, as effects pedals proliferated, their sounds were combined with power-tube distortion at lower, more controlled volumes by using power attenuators such as Tom Scholz' Power Soak as well as re-amplified dummy loads such as Eddie Van Halen's use of a variac, power resistor, post-power-tube effects, and a final solid-state amp driving the guitar speakers. An attenuator is an Electronic device that reduces the Amplitude or power of a signal without appreciably distorting its An autotransformer (sometimes called autoformer) is an electrical Transformer with only one winding. A variac is one approach to power-supply based power attenuation, to make the sound of power-tube distortion more practically available. An autotransformer (sometimes called autoformer) is an electrical Transformer with only one winding.

By the 1980s and 1990s, digital and software effects became capable of replicating the analog effects used in the past. These new digital effects attempted to model the sound produced by analog effects and tube amps, to varying degrees of quality. There are many free guitar effects computer programs for PCs that can be downloaded from the Internet. By the 2000s, PCs with specially-designed sound cards could be used as digital guitar effects processors. Although digital and software effects offer many advantages, many guitarists still use analog effects.

Some innovations have been made recently in the design of the electric guitar. In 2002, Gibson announced the first digital guitar, which performs analog-to-digital conversion internally. The resulting digital signal is delivered over a standard Ethernet cable, eliminating cable-induced line noise. Ethernet is a family of frame -based Computer networking technologies for Local area networks (LANs The guitar also provides independent signal processing for each individual string.

Also, in 2003 amp maker Line 6 released the Variax guitar. An instrument amplifier is an Electronic amplifier that converts the inaudible electric or electronic signal from musical instruments such as an Electric guitar Line 6 is a manufacturer of Digital modelling Electric guitars Acoustic guitars, amplifiers and Variax is a line of modeling Guitars marketed and developed by Line 6. It differs in some fundamental ways from conventional solid-body electrics. For example it uses piezoelectric pickups instead of the conventional electromagnetic ones, and has an onboard computer capable of modifying the sound of the guitar to model the sound of many instruments. A pickup device acts as a Transducer that captures mechanical vibrations (usually from suitably equipped Stringed instruments such as the Electric guitar

Types

Solid body

Solid body electric guitars are guitars that have no holes for sound or an internal cavity to accommodate vibration, such as those used to amplify string vibrations in acoustic guitars. See also Acoustic Guitar (magazine An acoustic guitar is a Guitar that uses only acoustic methods to project the sound produced by its strings They are generally made of hardwood with a lacquer coating and have six steel strings. The wood is dried for 3 to 6 months in heated storage before precision cutting the wood to shape. The sound that is audible in music featuring electric guitars is produced by pickups on the guitar which convert the string vibrations into an electrical signal. Sound' is Vibration transmitted through a Solid, Liquid, or Gas; particularly sound means those vibrations composed of Frequencies Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. The signal is then fed to an amplifier (or amp) and speaker. Generally an amplifier or simply amp, is any device that changes usually increases the amplitude of a signal. Computer speakers, or multimedia speakers, are external speakers commonly equipped with a low-power internal amplifier

One of the first solid body guitars was invented by Les Paul. Les Paul (born Lester William Polsfuss on June 9 1915) is an American Jazz guitarist and Inventor. Gibson did not make their famous 'Les Paul' guitar when they were presented it as they did not believe it would catch on. The Gibson Guitar Corporation of Nashville Tennessee, USA is a manufacturer of acoustic and Electric guitars The company's most popular guitar The Gibson Les Paul is a solidbody Electric guitar originally developed in the early 1950s The first mass produced solid body guitar was Fender's Broadcaster (later to become the 'Telecaster') first made in 1948, five years after Les Paul made his prototype. Fender Musical Instruments Corporation of Quincy Illinois is a manufacturer of stringed instruments such as solid-body Electric guitars including the The Fender Telecaster, also known as the Tele (pronounced Telly is typically a dual-pickup solid-body Electric guitar made by Fender. A prototype is an original type form or instance of something serving as a typical example basis or standard for other things of the same category The Gibson Les Paul appeared soon after to compete with the Broadcaster. ^[11]

Hollow body

Main article: Hollow body electric guitar

These guitars have a hollow body and electronic pickups mounted on its body. A semi-acoustic guitar or hollow-body electric is a type of Electric guitar with both a Sound box and one or more electric pickups. They work in a similar way to solid body electric guitars except that because the hollow body also vibrates, the pickups convert a combination of string and body vibration into an electrical signal.

Semi-hollow body

Semi-hollow body guitars strike a balance between the characteristics of solid-body and hollow-body guitars, with allegedly greater resonance and sustain than true solid-body guitars^[12], as well as lighter overall weight. Typically, a semi-hollow body guitar will have a form factor more similar to a solid-body electric guitar, and may include two sound holes, one, or none.

Metal Body

There are have been a number of metal bodied guitars that have worked with the unique acoustic/sustaining qualities of metal. These are not hollow bodied guitars, like a blues steel bodied, although most are chambered for weight, these metal bodied guitars are built to act and play as solid wood body.

Several metal body were made in the 50's by violin and cello makers, John Veleno took up the torch and in the early 70's He made a polished aluminum guitar, with a distincitve headstock to match. They appeared to be owned by almost every touring act and great list of owners, Clapton, Bolan, Rundgren, Winter, Frenley, Allman Reed and on and on.

Currently now, Liquid Metal Guitars makes a metal body guitar. The process is different now, the body is cnc'd out of a solid block of alumimum and then chrome or gold plated. Liquid Metal Guitars use boutique pick-up manufacturers, such as TV Jones and Lindly Fralin to manufacture pickup sets match the unique sustaining qualities of metal bodies.

Many guitars otherwise sold as solid-bodied instruments, such as the Gibson Les Paul or the PRS Singlecut, are built with "weight relief" holes bored into the body which nonetheless affect the sound of the instrument^[13]. The Gibson Les Paul is a solidbody Electric guitar originally developed in the early 1950s PRS Guitars is an American guitar manufacturer based in Stevensville Maryland. The Les Paul Supreme edition is currently described by the manufacturer as a "chambered" instrument, with a weight relief system designed to positively affect the sound.

Acoustic-Electric

Some steel-string acoustic guitars are fitted with pickups purely as an alternative to using a separate microphone. A steel-string acoustic guitar, is a modern form of Guitar descended from the Classical guitar, but strung with steel strings for a brighter louder sound A pickup device acts as a Transducer that captures mechanical vibrations (usually from suitably equipped Stringed instruments such as the Electric guitar They may also be fitted with a piezo-electric pickup under the bridge, attached to the bridge mounting plate, or with a low mass microphone (usually a condenser mic) inside the body of the guitar that will convert the vibrations in the body into electronic signals, or even combinations of these types of pickups, with an integral mixer/preamp/graphic equalizer. Piezoelectricity is the ability of some materials (notably Crystals and certain Ceramics including bone to generate an Electric potential in response to These are called electric acoustic guitars, and are regarded as acoustic guitars rather than electric guitars because the pickups do not produce a signal directly from the vibration of the strings, but rather from the vibration of the guitar top or body. An electric acoustic guitar is by design an Acoustic guitar fitted with pickups, a microphone or transducers These should not be confused with hollow body electric guitars, which have pickups of the type found on solid body electric guitars. A semi-acoustic guitar or hollow-body electric is a type of Electric guitar with both a Sound box and one or more electric pickups.

Strings

One-string guitars

Although rare, the one-string guitar is sometimes heard, particularly in Delta blues, where improvised folk instruments were popular in the 1930s and 1940s. The Delta blues is one of the earliest styles of Blues music. Eddie "One String" Jones had some regional success with a Mississippi blues musician Lonnie Pitchford played a similar, homemade instrument. Lonnie Pitchford ( October 8 1955 – November 8 1998) was a Blues Musician In a more contemporary style, Little Willie Joe, the inventor of the Unitar had a considerable rhythm and blues instrumental hit in the 1950s with "Twitchy", recorded with the Hall Orchestra. An instrumental is a Musical composition or recording without Lyrics or any other sort of Vocal music; all of the Music is produced by

Four-string

Main article: Tenor guitar

The best known four-string guitar player is Tiny Grimes, who played on 52nd Street with the beboppers and played a major role in the Prestige Blues Swingers. The tenor guitar is a slightly smaller four-string version of the steel-string acoustic guitar or Electric guitar. Lloyd "Tiny" Grimes ( July 7 1916 - March 4 1989) was an American Jazz and R&B Guitarist He was a member 52nd Street is a 19 mile long one-way Street traveling west to east across Midtown Manhattan. Bebop or bop is a form of Jazz characterized by fast Tempos and Improvisation based on Harmonic structure rather than Melody Grimes' guitar omitted the bottom two strings. Deron Miller of CKY only uses four strings, but plays a six string guitar with the two highest strings removed. Deron John Miller (born May 21, 1976 in Chester Pennsylvania, U CKY ( Camp Kill Yourself) are an American rock band from West Chester Pennsylvania. Many banjo players use this tuning: DGBE, mostly in Dixieland. Guitar players find this an easier transition than learning plectrum or tenor tuning.

Seven-string

Main article: Seven-string guitar

Most Seven-string guitars add a low B string below the low E. A seven-string guitar is a Guitar with seven strings instead of the usual six Both electric and classical guitars exist designed for this tuning. Another less common seven-string arrangement is a second G string situated beside the standard G string and tuned an octave higher, in the same manner as a twelve-stringed guitar (see below).

Seven string electric guitars were popularized by Steve Vai. Steven "Steve" Siro Vai (born June 6 1960 in Carle Place New York) is an American Instrumental rock Guitarist Steve Vai and Japanese guitar company Ibanez created the well known Universe series seven string guitars in the 1980s, with a double locking tremolo system for a seven string guitar. Steven "Steve" Siro Vai (born June 6 1960 in Carle Place New York) is an American Instrumental rock Guitarist Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. The Ibanez Universe is the world's first modern commercial seven-string Electric guitar, developed by Steve Vai and manufactured by Ibanez. These models were based on Vai's six string signature series, the Ibanez Jem. Ibanez JEM is an Electric guitar manufactured by Ibanez and first produced in 1987 More recently, seven strings experienced a resurgence in popularity, championed by Korn, Fear Factory, Strapping Young Lad, Nevermore, and other Hard rock/Metal bands. Korn, occasionally typeset as KoЯn or KoRn, is an American Nu metal band from Bakersfield California, and is often credited with popularizing Fear Factory is an American heavy metal band The band formed in 1989 and have released seven full-length Strapping Young Lad was a Canadian Extreme metal band formed by Devin Townsend in Vancouver, British Columbia in 1995 Nevermore is an American metal band from Seattle, Washington assembled in 1991 from the ashes of the Power metal band Sanctuary Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of Rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and Psychedelic rock Metal Musicians often prefer the Seven-string guitar for its extended lower range and it is often electrically amplified with a high amount of gain or distortion.

Jazz guitarists using a seven-string include veteran jazz guitarists George Van Eps, Bucky Pizzarelli and his son John Pizzarelli. Jazz guitarists are Guitar players who play Jazz music on the guitar using an approach to playing chords melodies and improvised solo lines which is called George Van Eps ( 7 August 1913 &ndash 29 November 1998) (often called "the Father of the Seven String John Paul 'Bucky' Pizzarelli (born) is an American Classical jazz Guitarist and Banjoist, perhaps most notable for his work with jazz guitarist John Pizzarelli Jr (born April 6, 1960) is an Italian-American Jazz guitarist, Vocalist, Songwriter and Bandleader The seven-string guitar has also played an essential role in progressive rock, and is commonly used in bands such as Dream Theater and by experimental guitarists such as Ben Levin. Dream Theater is an American Progressive metal band formed in 1985 under the name " Majesty " by John Myung, John Petrucci

Eight-string

Main article: Eight string guitar

Eight-string electric guitars are rare, but not unused. An eight-string guitar is a Guitar with eight strings instead of the commonly used six One is played by Charlie Hunter (manufactured by Novax Guitars). Charlie Hunter (born May 23 1967 is an American Guitarist Composer and bandleader Novax Guitars is a Guitar manufacturing company founded by Ralph Novak The largest manufacturer of 8- to 14-strings is Warr Guitars. Their models are used by Trey Gunn (ex King Crimson) who has his own signature line from the company. Trey Gunn (born December 13, 1960) is an American musician and an alumnus of the band King Crimson. King Crimson is a Progressive rock band founded by guitarist Robert Fripp and drummer Michael Giles in 1969 Also, Mårten Hagström and Fredrik Thordendahl of Meshuggah used 8 string guitars made by Nevborn Guitars and now guitars by Ibanez. Meshuggah is a Swedish five-piece Experimental metal band formed in 1987 Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. Munky of Nu Metal band Korn is also known to use eight-string Ibanez guitars and it is rumoured that he is planning to release a K8 eight-string guitar similar to his K7 seven-string guitar. James Christian 'Munky' Shaffer (born June 6 1970 in Bakersfield California is the guitarist for the Nu metal band Korn. Nu metal (sometimes named new metal or nü metal) is a musical genre that emerged in the mid 1990s which fuses influences from grunge and Alternative Korn, occasionally typeset as KoЯn or KoRn, is an American Nu metal band from Bakersfield California, and is often credited with popularizing In 2008 Ibanez released the Ibanez RG2228-GK which is the first mass produced eight-string guitar.

Nine-string

Jethro Tull's first album featured a nine string guitar on one track. Jethro Tull are a British rock group formed in 1967-1968 Their music is marked by the distinctive vocal style and lead Flute work of front man

Josh Smith of the band The Fucking Champs plays a 9-string guitar, with two G, B, and high E strings each, tuned in unison. The Fucking Champs are a three-piece rock band from San Francisco, California. Matt Pike of the band High On Fire also uses a Custom 9 string guitar made by First Act Guitars.

Twelve-string

Main article: Twelve string guitar

Twelve string electric guitars feature six pairs of strings, usually with each pair tuned to the same note. The extra E, A, D, and G strings add a note one octave above, and the extra B and E strings are in unison. The pairs of strings are played together as one, so the technique and tuning are the same as a conventional guitar, although creating a much fuller tone. They are used almost solely to play harmony and rhythm. They are relatively common in folk rock music. Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. Lead Belly is the folk artist most identified with the twelve-string, usually acoustic with pickup. Huddie William Ledbetter, (January 1888 – December 6 1949 was an American folk and Blues Musician, notable for his clear and forceful singing

George Harrison of The Beatles and Roger McGuinn of The Byrds brought the electric twelve-string to notability in rock and roll. George Harrison, MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001 was an English rock Guitarist Singer - Songwriter, Author The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 James Roger McGuinn (known professionally as Roger McGuinn, previously as Jim McGuinn, and born James Joseph McGuinn III on July 13, The Byrds were a popular American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964 Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African During the Beatles' first trip to the U. S. , in February 1964, Harrison received a new "360/12" model guitar from the Rickenbacker company; this was a 12-string electric made to look onstage like a 6-string. Overview The Rickenbacker 360/12 was among the first electric Twelve-string guitars This instrument is visually similar to the Rickenbacker 360 For the American WWI fighter pilot see Eddie Rickenbacker. For the airport see Rickenbacker International Airport. He began using the 360 in the studio on Lennon's "You Can't Do That" and other songs. Roger McGuinn, looking for the sound of a twelve string but on an electric had an epiphany when viewing The Beatles "Hard Days Night" movie, when he realised that George was playing a twelve string electric. He liked the sound so much that it became his signature guitar sound with The Byrds.

Another notable guitarist to utilise 12 strings is Richie Sambora, the guitarist with rock group Bon Jovi. Richard "Richie" Steven Sambora (born on July 11 1959 is an American rock Guitarist, producer musician singer and songwriter who is Bon Jovi is an American Hard rock band from Sayreville New Jersey. He has played a double neck guitar with a 12 string neck for years, most notably live for the hit song Wanted Dead or Alive.

3rd bridge

Main article: 3rd Bridge

The 3rd bridge guitar is an electric prepared guitar with an additional 3rd bridge. The 3rd bridge is an extended playing technique used on mainly electric guitars such as the Fender Jazzmaster that has the strings continue through to the A prepared guitar is a Guitar which has had its Timbre altered by placing various objects on or between the instrument's strings including other Extended This can be a normal guitar with for instance a screwdriver placed under the strings, but can also be a custom made instrument. An experimental musical instrument (or custom-made instrument) is a Musical instrument that modifies or extends an existing instrument or class of instruments Lee Ranaldo of Sonic Youth plays with a 3rd bridge. Lee M Ranaldo (born February 3 1956) is an American Singer, Guitarist writer and record producer best known as a co-founder of the Sonic Youth is an American Alternative rock band formed in New York City in 1981

Double neck guitars

Main article: Double neck guitar

Double-neck (or, less commonly, "twin-neck") guitars enable guitarists to play guitar and bass guitar or, more commonly, a six-string and twelve-string. A double neck guitar is a Guitar that has two necks Double neck guitars The most common type has 12 strings on the top neck while the bottom neck A double neck guitar is a Guitar that has two necks Double neck guitars The most common type has 12 strings on the top neck while the bottom neck Jimmy Page's use of a custom-made Gibson EDS-1275, to enable him to replicate his use of two different guitars when performing Led Zeppelin's song "Stairway to Heaven" in a concert setting, brought double-necked guitars into the public eye. James Patrick Page, OBE (born 9 January 1944 is an English Guitarist, Composer and record producer " Stairway to Heaven " is a song by the English rock band Led Zeppelin. Don Felder also used the Gibson EDS-1275 during the Hotel California tour. Donald William Felder (born September 21 1947 in Gainesville Florida) is an American Rock musician who was a member of the Eagles Hotel California is an album released by the American rock band The Eagles in late 1976 (see 1976 in music)

There were also some double necks that had two 6 string necks. These would have two different pickup configurations for two entirely different sounds and tones. The most popular 6 and 6 were made by Ibanez in the early 1980s. Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. These were copies of the Gibson SG style 6 and 12, and were also referred to as the "pre-lawsuit" guitars. The Gibson Guitar Corporation of Nashville Tennessee, USA is a manufacturer of acoustic and Electric guitars The company's most popular guitar Ibanez stopped production when they lost a law suit to Gibson. Ibanez (ˈaɪbænɛz or /aɪˈbænɛz/ is a Guitar brand owned by Hoshino Gakki and based in Nagoya Aichi, Japan. The Gibson Guitar Corporation of Nashville Tennessee, USA is a manufacturer of acoustic and Electric guitars The company's most popular guitar In some cases the "lawsuit" guitars played just as well as the Gibsons, and sometimes better, at a fraction of the cost. The Gibson Guitar Corporation of Nashville Tennessee, USA is a manufacturer of acoustic and Electric guitars The company's most popular guitar The Gibson 6 and 12 was also popularized by the Eagles hit "Hotel California". The Gibson Guitar Corporation of Nashville Tennessee, USA is a manufacturer of acoustic and Electric guitars The company's most popular guitar The guitar can be heard noticeably in the intro and solo.

English progressive rock bands such as Genesis used custom made instruments produced by the Shergold company. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Genesis are an English rock band formed in 1967 With approximately 150 million albums sold worldwide Genesis are among the top 30 highest-selling recording artists Shergold Guitars, or Shergold Woodcrafts Limited, was established in October 1967 by former Burns London employees Jack Golder and Norman Houlder Rick Nielsen, guitarist for Cheap Trick, uses a variety of custom guitars mostly made by Hamer Guitars, many of which have five necks, with the strap attached to the body by a swivel so that the guitar can be rotated to put any neck into playing position. Rick Nielsen (born December 22, 1946 in Rockford Illinois) is the lead Guitarist, Backing vocalist, and primary songwriter of Cheap Trick is an American rock band from Rockford Illinois, that gained popularity in the late 1970s Hamer Guitars is an American manufacturer that specializes in the production of high quality Guitars It was founded in Illinois by Jol Dantzig and

Guitarist Steve Vai occasionally uses a triple-neck guitar; one neck is twelve string, one is six string and the third is a fretless six string. Steven "Steve" Siro Vai (born June 6 1960 in Carle Place New York) is an American Instrumental rock Guitarist Today, you can buy up to six necks on a guitar, consisting of various combinations and variations of the six string guitar and four string electric bass guitar.

Largest electric guitar

The largest playable electric guitar was completed by 11 students in the Academy of Science and hoper with their physics teacher Scott Rippetoe in 2000. The Conroe Independent School District Academy of Science and Technology, in Conroe Texas is a specialized Magnet school in science and technology also The Gibson '67 Flying V replica guitar measures 13 meters (43 feet, 7 1/2 inches) long, 4. 88 meters (16 feet, 5 1/2 inches) wide, and weighs 1018 kilograms (2,244 pounds). ^[14]

Uses

The electric guitar can be played either solo or with other instruments. It has been used in numerous genres of popular music, as well as (less frequently) classical music.

Contemporary classical music

While the classical guitar had historically been the only variety of guitar favored by classical composers, in the 1950s a few contemporary classical composers began to use the electric guitar in their compositions. Examples of such works include Karlheinz Stockhausen's Gruppen (1955-57); Donald Erb's String Trio (1966), Morton Feldman's The Possibility of a New Work for Electric Guitar (1966); George Crumb's Songs, Drones, and Refrains of Death (1968); Hans Werner Henze's Versuch über Schweine (1968); Francis Thorne's Sonar Plexus (1968) and Liebesrock (1968–69), Michael Tippett's The Knot Garden (1965-70); Leonard Bernstein's MASS (1971) and Slava! (1977); Louis Andriessen's De Staat (1972-76); Steve Reich's Electric Counterpoint (1987), Arvo Pärt's Miserere (1989/92), and countless works composed for the quintet of Ástor Piazzolla. Gruppen ("Groups" for three orchestras (1955-57 is amongst the best-known works of German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen. Donald Erb (b Youngstown, Ohio, United States, January 17, 1927; d Morton Feldman (January 12 1926 – September 3 1987 was an American Composer, born in New York City. George Crumb (born October 24, 1929) is an American Composer of modern and Avant garde music Hans Werner Henze (born July 1 1926 Gütersloh, Germany is a German composer well known for his left-wing political convictions Francis Thorne (b Bay Shore, New York, June 23, 1922) is an American composer of Contemporary classical music and grandson of the Sir Michael Kemp Tippett, OM (2 January 1905 &ndash 8 January 1998 was one of the foremost English Composers of the 20th century The Knot Garden is an Opera in three acts by Michael Tippett to an original English Libretto by the composer WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes MASS (formally " MASS A Theatre Piece for Singers Players and Dancers " is a musical piece composed by Leonard Bernstein. Louis Andriessen ( June 6, 1939) is a Dutch Composer and pianist based in Amsterdam. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Stephen Michael Reich (born October 3 Electric Counterpoint is a minimalistic composition written by American composer Steve Reich. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Arvo Pärt (born 11 September 1935 in Paide, Estonia) (ˈɑr̺vɔ Ástor Pantaleón Piazzolla ( March 11, 1921 &ndash July 4, 1992) was an Argentine tango Composer and

In the 1980s and 1990s, a growing number of composers (many of them composer-performers who had grown up playing the instrument in rock bands) began writing for the electric guitar. These include Steven Mackey, Nick Didkovsky, Scott Johnson, Lois V Vierk, Tim Brady, Tristan Murail, John Fitz Rogers, and Randall Woolf. Steven Mackey is an American composer guitarist and music educator Nick Didkovsky (b 1958 is a Composer, Guitarist, computer music programmer and leader of the band Doctor Nerve. Scott Johnson (born 1952 is an American Composer known for his pioneering use of recorded speech as musical melody Lois V Vierk (born August 4, 1951, Hammond Indiana) is a " Tim (Timothy Wesley John Brady (born 1956 is a Canadian composer and guitarist who studied at Concordia University in Montreal and the New England Conservatory in Tristan Murail (born March 11, 1947 in Le Havre, France) is a French composer associated with the " spectral " technique of Yngwie Malmsteen released his Concerto Suite for Electric Guitar and Orchestra in 1998, and Steve Vai released a double-live CD entitled Sound Theories, of his work with the Netherlands Metropole Orchestra in June 2007. Yngwie Johann Malmsteen (ˈɪŋveɪ ˈmɑːlmstiːn in English (born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck on June 30 1963 in Stockholm Sweden) is a Swedish Concerto Suite for Electric Guitar and Orchestra is an album released in 1998 by Yngwie J Steven "Steve" Siro Vai (born June 6 1960 in Carle Place New York) is an American Instrumental rock Guitarist Sound Theories vol I & II is a 2007 album by American guitarist Steve Vai. ^[15] The American composers Glenn Branca and Rhys Chatham have written "symphonic" works for large ensembles of electric guitars, in some cases numbering up to 100 players, and the instrument is a core member of the Bang on a Can All-Stars (played by Mark Stewart). Glenn Branca (born October 6 1948 in Harrisburg Pennsylvania) is a highly-influential Avant-garde composer and Guitarist known for Rhys Chatham (born September 19, 1952, New York City) is an American Composer, Guitarist and Trumpet Bang on a Can is a multi-faceted musical organization based in New York City. Mark Stewart is a New York City -based multi-instrumentalist composer singer and instrument designer Still, like many electric and electronic instruments, the electric guitar remains primarily associated with rock and jazz music, rather than with classical compositions and performances. ^[16]

R. Prasanna plays Indian Carnatic music on the electric guitar. R Prasanna is a South Indian Carnatic musician who is one of the very few people who play the south Indian musical art form of Carnatic music on the Electric Carnatic music (also spelled Karnatak music or Karnatik music, and originally called Karṇāṭaka sangīta or Karṇāṭaka sangītam in India

See also

• Guitar manufacturing companies
• 3rd Bridge
• Guitar harmonics
• Guitar/synthesizer
• Bass guitar
• Guitar effects
• Guitar amplifier
• Distortion (guitar)
• Guitar pedalboard
• Electric pipa
• Red Special

References

Further reading

• Ralph Denyer, The Guitar Handbook, (ISBN 0-3303-2750-X), Pan Books; 2Rev Ed edition (27 November 1992)

External links

• Gibson electric guitar
• Fender guitar
• From Frying Pan to Flying V: The Rise of the Electric Guitar
• HowStuffWorks - Includes a thorough article about how electric guitars work
• Chicken Wing Solid Body Electric Guitar - downloadable plans for building a solid body electric guitar, on the Liutaio Mottola Lutherie Information Website. Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar)
• "Born to Rock" guitar exhibit at Harrods, London, February 2007, featuring the 1931 Rickenbacker "Frying Pan". Harrods is a Department store located on Brompton Road in Knightsbridge, London, England. Also see BBC 6 Music * news story.
• The Rockabilly Guitar Page - The first electric rock guitars. Detailed info on recording sessions of the first rock hits.
• Electric guitars stories - Electric guitars stories from a semi professional guitar player
• The Invention of the Electric Guitar - Online exhibition at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History

The Smithsonian Institution (smɪθsoʊnɪən is an educational and research institute and associated Museum complex administered and funded by the Government of The National Museum of American History collects preserves and displays American heritage in the areas of social political cultural scientific and military history

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