Elbe
Czech: Labe, German: Elbe, Low German: Ilv
The Labe near Děčín, Czech Republic
Countries	Czech Republic, Germany
Regions	Hradec Králové Region, Pardubice Region, Central Bohemian Region, Ústí nad Labem Region, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Brandenburg, Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein
Major cities	Pardubice, Ústí nad Labem, Pirna, Dresden, Meißen, Torgau, Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Dessau, Magdeburg, Hamburg, Cuxhaven
Length	1,091 km (678 mi)
Watershed	148,268 km² (57,247 sq mi)
Discharge at	mouth
- average	711 m³/s (25,109 cu ft/s)
- maximum	1,232 m³/s (43,508 cu ft/s)
- minimum	493 m³/s (17,410 cu ft/s)
Discharge elsewhere
- Děčín	303 m³/s (10,700 cu ft/s)
Source	Bílé Labe
- location	Krkonoše, Czech Republic
- coordinates	50°46′31″N 15°32′16″E / 50.77528, 15.53778
- elevation	1,386 m (4,547 ft)
Mouth	North Sea
- elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Major tributaries
- left	Vltava, Ohře, Mulde, Saale, Ohre, Tanger, Ilmenau River, Oste
- right	Jizera, Schwarze Elster, Havel, Elde, Sude, Alster, Stör
The Elbe watershed

The Elbe (Czech: Labe (help·info); German: die Elbe; Low German: de Ilv) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Low German or Low Saxon (in Germany: Plattdüütsch or Nedderdüütsch; in Netherlands: Nedersaksisch or Nederduuts The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Hradec Králové Region (Královéhradecký kraj is an administrative unit (kraj of the Czech Republic, located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Pardubice Region (Pardubický kraj is an administrative unit (kraj of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia Central Bohemian Region (Středočeský kraj is an administrative unit (kraj of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia Ústí nad Labem Region (Ústecký krajЮстекий Край is an administrative unit (kraj of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western part of its historical The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen ˈzaksən Swobodny Stat Sakska is the easternmost federal state of Germany. Saxony-Anhalt ( Sachsen-Anhalt) is one of the sixteen ''Bundesländer'' (federal states that make up the Federal Republic of Germany. Brandenburg ( Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany is the northernmost of the 16 ''Bundesländer'' in Germany. The former English name was Sleswick-Holsatia the Danish name is Pardubice ( pronounced; Pardubitz is the capital City of the Pardubice Region, Czech Republic, lying on the river Elbe, 104 km east Ústí nad Labem ( pronounced; Aussig is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Ústí nad Labem Region. Also see Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA. Pirna is a city in the Free State of Saxony, Germany, capital of the administrative Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German Meissen (in German orthography: Meißen; Sorbian: Mišno; Misena Misnia Misnensium is a Town of approximately 30000 near Torgau is a Town on the banks of the Elbe in northwestern Saxony, Germany. Wittenberg, officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg, is a Town in Germany in the Bundesland Saxony-Anhalt, on the Elbe Dessau is a town in Germany on the junction of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland (Federal State of Saxony-Anhalt Magdeburg ( Low Saxon: Meideborg ˈmaˑɪdebɔɐx the Capital city of the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany Cuxhaven is a large independent town and seat of the Cuxhaven district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units Děčín ('ɟɛtʃiːn Tetschen is a large City in the north of the Czech Republic CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom The second ( SI symbol s) sometimes abbreviated sec, is the name of a unit of Time, and is the International System of Units The Karkonosze ( Polish) or Krkonoše ( Czech) also known as the Giant Mountains (Riesengebirge is a Mountain range in the The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The Vltava ( Moldau is the longest River in the Czech Republic, running north from its source in Šumava through Český Krumlov, There is also the river Ohre in northern Germany The Ohře ( German: Eger) is a 316 km long River The Mulde (ˈmʊldə is a River in Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The Saale, also known as the Saxon Saale (Sächsische Saale and Thuringian Saale (Thüringische Saale is a River in Germany and a left-bank See Ohře for the river in Bavaria and the Czech Republic The Ohre is a River in northern Germany, left tributary to The Ilmenau is a River in Lower Saxony, Germany, left tributary of the Elbe. The Oste is a river in northern Lower Saxony, Germany with a length of 153 km left tributary of the Elbe. The Jizera (Iser Izera is a River that begins on the border between Poland and the Czech Republic and ends in Central Bohemia. The Havel (ˈhaːfəl is a river in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The Alster is a 53 km long right tributary of the river Elbe in Northern Germany. Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Low German or Low Saxon (in Germany: Plattdüütsch or Nedderdüütsch; in Netherlands: Nedersaksisch or Nederduuts "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there Central Europe is the Region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and It originates in the northwestern Czech Republic before traversing much of Germany and flowing into the North Sea. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. Its total length has been given as 1,091 kilometres (678 mi). The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A mile is a unit of Length, usually used to measure Distance, in a number of different systems including Imperial units United States

Geography

The Elbe rises at an elevation of about 1,400 metres (4,593 ft) in the Krkonoše (also known as Giant Mountains or in German as Riesengebirge) on the north west borders of the Czech Republic. The Karkonosze ( Polish) or Krkonoše ( Czech) also known as the Giant Mountains (Riesengebirge is a Mountain range in the Of the numerous small streams whose waters compose the infant river, the most important is the Bílé Labe, or White Elbe. After plunging down the 60 metres (197 ft) of the Labský vodopád, the latter stream unites with the steeply torrential Malé Labe, and thereafter the united stream of the Elbe pursues a southerly course, emerging from the mountain glens at and continuing on to Pardubice, where it turns sharply to the west. Pardubice ( pronounced; Pardubitz is the capital City of the Pardubice Region, Czech Republic, lying on the river Elbe, 104 km east At Kolín some 43 kilometres (27 mi) further on, it bends gradually towards the north-west. Kolín (ˈkoliːn is a Town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic some 55 kilometres east from Prague lying on the Elbe river At the village of Káraný, a little above Brandýs nad Labem it picks up the Jizera. Káraný is a village in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Brandýs nad Labem-Stará Boleslav (ˈbrandiːs ˈnad labɛm ˈstaraː ˈbolɛslaf Brandeis-Altbunzlau is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic The Jizera (Iser Izera is a River that begins on the border between Poland and the Czech Republic and ends in Central Bohemia.

German map of the River Elbe.

At Mělník its stream is more than doubled in volume by the Vltava, or Moldau, a river which winds northwards through Bohemia. Mělník (ˈmɲɛlɲiːk is a town in the Czech Republic, Central Bohemian Region. The Vltava ( Moldau is the longest River in the Czech Republic, running north from its source in Šumava through Český Krumlov, Bohemia (Čechy; Bohemia Czechy is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the Although upstream from the confluence Vltava is longer (434 km vs. Confluence, in Geography, describes the meeting of two or more Bodies of water. 294), has larger discharge and larger drainage basin, due historical reasons (at the confluence the Vltava meets the Elbe at almost a right angle, so it appears as a tributary) river continues as Elbe. A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, Confluence, in Geography, describes the meeting of two or more Bodies of water. The Vltava ( Moldau is the longest River in the Czech Republic, running north from its source in Šumava through Český Krumlov,

Some distance lower down, at Litoměřice, the waters of the Elbe are tinted by the reddish Ohře (Eger). Litoměřice (ˈlɪtomɲɛr̝ɪtsɛ Leitmeritz is a town at the junction of the rivers Elbe (Labe and Ohře (Eger in the north part of the Czech Republic There is also the river Ohre in northern Germany The Ohře ( German: Eger) is a 316 km long River Thus augmented, and swollen into a stream 140 metres (459 ft) wide, the Elbe carves a path through the basaltic mass of the České Středohoří, churning its way through a deep, narrow rocky gorge. České Středohoří (Böhmisches Mittelgebirge is a Mountain range located in northern Bohemia, Czech Republic. Shortly after crossing the Czech-German frontier, and passing through the sandstone defiles of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains, the stream assumes a north-westerly direction, which on the whole it preserves right to the North Sea. The Elbe Sandstone Mountains (Labské pískovce Elbsandsteingebirge is a Mountain range straddling the border between the state of Saxony in southeastern Germany

The river rolls through Dresden and finally, beyond Meißen, enters on its long journey across the North German Plain passing along the former border of East Germany, touching Torgau, Wittenberg, Dessau, Magdeburg, Wittenberge, and Hamburg on the way, and taking on the waters of the Mulde and Saale from the west, and those of the Schwarze Elster, Havel and Elde from the east. Dresden (etymologically from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the riverside forest, Drježdźany is the Capital city of the German Meissen (in German orthography: Meißen; Sorbian: Mišno; Misena Misnia Misnensium is a Town of approximately 30000 near The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state Torgau is a Town on the banks of the Elbe in northwestern Saxony, Germany. Wittenberg, officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg, is a Town in Germany in the Bundesland Saxony-Anhalt, on the Elbe Dessau is a town in Germany on the junction of the rivers Mulde and Elbe, in the Bundesland (Federal State of Saxony-Anhalt Magdeburg ( Low Saxon: Meideborg ˈmaˑɪdebɔɐx the Capital city of the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany Wittenberge (ˌvɪtənˈbɛɐ̯ɡə is a town of twenty thousand people on the lower Elbe in the district of Prignitz (district capital Perleberg) Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany The Mulde (ˈmʊldə is a River in Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The Saale, also known as the Saxon Saale (Sächsische Saale and Thuringian Saale (Thüringische Saale is a River in Germany and a left-bank The Schwarze Elster is a 179 km long River in eastern Germany, in the states Saxony, Brandenburg and Saxony-Anhalt, right tributary The Havel (ˈhaːfəl is a river in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The Elde (ˈɛldə is a River in northern Germany ( Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and a few km in Brandenburg) a right Tributary of the Soon the Elbe reaches Hamburg, and then passes through Holstein until it flows into the North Sea at Cuxhaven. Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany Holstein (ˈhɔlʃtain ( Low German: Holsteen, Danish: Holsten, Latin and historical English: Holsatia) Cuxhaven is a large independent town and seat of the Cuxhaven district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Near its mouth it passes Otterndorf, Glückstadt, Brunsbüttel and the entrance to the Kiel Canal. Otterndorf is a Town on the coast of the North Sea in the region of Lower Saxony, Germany, and is part of the Samtgemeinde Hadeln Glückstadt, a town of Germany in Schleswig-Holstein, on the right bank of the Elbe river at the confluence of the small river Rhin and 28 miles Brunsbüttel is a town in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, northern Germany that lies on the mouth of the Elbe river The Kiel Canal (Nord-Ostsee-Kanal until 1948 known as the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal, is a 61 miles (98 kilometres long Canal in the German Bundesland

Navigation

The Elbe near Festung Königstein in Germany. Königstein Fortress (Festung Königstein the " Saxon Bastille " is a famous historic mountaintop Fortress near Dresden, in Saxon Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.

The Elbe has been navigable by commercial vessels since 1842, and provides important trade links as far inland as Prague. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. The river is linked by canals to the industrial areas of Germany and to Berlin. Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. The Elbe-Lübeck Canal links the Elbe to the Baltic Sea, as does the Kiel Canal, whose western entrance is near the mouth of the Elbe. The Elbe-Lübeck Canal (also known as "Elbe-Trave Canal" is an artificial waterway in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. The Kiel Canal (Nord-Ostsee-Kanal until 1948 known as the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal, is a 61 miles (98 kilometres long Canal in the German Bundesland

Before Germany was reunited, waterway transport in Western Germany was hindered by the fact that inland navigation to Hamburg had to pass through the German Democratic Republic. The Elbe Seitenkanal (Elbe Lateral Canal) was built between the Mittellandkanal and the lower Elbe to restore this connection. When the two nations were reunited, works began to improve and restore the original links: the Elbe Canal Bridge near Magdeburg now allows large barges to cross the Elbe without having to enter the river. The 918-metre Magdeburg Water Bridge or Wasserstraßenkreuz in German, completed in October 2003 is a Water bridge that connects two important The often low water levels of the Elbe do not hinder navigation to Berlin any longer. (Source: NoorderSoft Waterways Database)

Etymology

The Elbe is feeding the Port of Hamburg

First attested in Latin as Albis, the name Elbe means "river" or "river-bed" and is nothing more than the High German version of a word (*albiz) found elsewhere in Germanic; cf. ||-| |}The Port of Hamburg is a Seaport and deep water Harbour off the North Sea, on the river Elbe in Hamburg, Germany The High German languages (in German, Hochdeutsch) are any of the varieties of standard German, Luxembourgish and Old Norse river name Elfr, Swedish dialectal älv "deep river-bed", Old English river name Ielf, and Middle Low German elve "river-bed" ^[1]. Old Norse is the North Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements during the Viking Age Swedish ( is a North Germanic language spoken by more than nine million people predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the Middle Low German ( ISO 639 -3 code gml) is a Language that is the descendant of Old Saxon and is the ancestor of modern Low German.

History

The Elbe was recorded by Ptolemy as Albis (Germanic for "river", see below) in Germania Magna with its source in the Asciburgis mountains (Krkonoše, Riesengebirge or Giant Mountains), where the Germanic Vandalii lived. Claudius Ptolemaeus ( Greek: Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; after 83 &ndash ca The Germanic languages are a group of related languages that constitute a branch of the Indo-European (IE Language family. Germania was the Latin Exonym for The Karkonosze ( Polish) or Krkonoše ( Czech) also known as the Giant Mountains (Riesengebirge is a Mountain range in the

The Elbe passing Dresden

The Elbe has long been an important delineator of European geography. The Romans knew the river as the Albis; however, they only attempted once to move the Eastern border of their empire forward from the Rhine to the Elbe, and this attempt failed in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD, after which they never seriously tried again. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest took place in the year 9 A Year 9 ( IX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. In the Middle Ages it formed the eastern limit of the Empire of Charlemagne. Charlemagne (ˈʃɑrlɨmeɪn Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) (747 – 28 January 814 was King of the Franks from 768 to his The river's navigable sections were also essential to the success of the Hanseatic League and much trade was carried on its waters. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade

In 1945, as World War II was drawing to a close, Nazi Germany was caught between the armies of the western Allies advancing from the west and the Soviet Union advancing from the east. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 On April 25, these two forces linked up near Torgau, on the Elbe. Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. The event was marked as Elbe Day. Elbe Day, April 25, 1945, was the date Soviet and American troops met at the River Elbe, near Torgau in Germany After the war, the Elbe formed part of the border between East and West Germany. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (

According to Russian accounts, In April, 1970, when the SMERSH facility in Magdeburg was being transferred to the East German government, the remains of Adolf Hitler, Eva Braun, Joseph Goebbels, Magda Goebbels and the Goebbels' six children were reportedly exhumed, thoroughly cremated, and the ashes finally dumped unceremoniously into the Elbe. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. SMERSH (acronym of SMERt' SHpionam, Russ СМЕРть Шпионам Eng Death to Spies) were the counter-intelligence departments in Magdeburg ( Low Saxon: Meideborg ˈmaˑɪdebɔɐx the Capital city of the Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Eva Anna Paula Braun, died Eva Anna Paula Hitler ( 6 February 1912 – 30 April 1945) was the longtime companion of Paul Joseph Goebbels (German pronunciation ˈɡœbəls English generally ˈɡɝbəlz (29 October 1897 1 May 1945 was a German politician and Reich Minister of Public Johanna Maria Magdalena "Magda" Goebbels ( November 11, 1901 &ndash May 1, 1945) was the wife of Nazi Germany 's Propaganda The Goebbels children were the five daughters and one son born to Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda Goebbels.

References

See also

• 2002 European floods
• 2006 European floods

External links

• Ancient library Albis river in Germania Magna
• Source of Albis river in Asciburgis (Riesengebirge Giants mountains
• information and pictures of the spring of Labe in Giant Mountains (Krkonoše, Riesengebirge)