El Atazar Dam is an arch dam built near Madrid, Spain on the Lozoya River, very close to where the Lozoya joins the Jarama. An arch dam is a thin curved Concrete or Masonry dam structure which is built to curve upstream so that the force of the water against it squeezes the arch Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Lozoya River is a river flowing near the centre of Spain. Jarama is a river in central Spain. It flows north to south and passes east of Madrid when El Atazar Dam is built on a tributary the Lozoya It is the oldest dome dam in the world. An arch dam is a thin curved Concrete or Masonry dam structure which is built to curve upstream so that the force of the water against it squeezes the arch The curved design of the dam is optimum for the narrow gorge in which it was built to retain water in the reservoir. For the song see CANYONMID. For the band see Canyon (band. A canyon (rarely cañon) or gorge A reservoir is most broadly a place or hollow vessel where Fluid is kept in Reserve, for later use Arch dams are thin and require less material to construct than other dam types. [1]
When the dam was built, the decision was made to use the dam to store and regulate water only and not to provide energy. Construction started on the dam in 1968 and finished in 1972.
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Design
The dam is 440 feet (134 m) high and 171. 6 feet (52. 3 m) wide at the foundation. The reservoir capacity is 344,000 acre-feet (424,000,000 m³). It is a double curvature concrete arch buttress design. In Mathematics, curvature refers to any of a number of loosely related concepts in different areas of geometry A buttress is an architectural structure built against (a counterfort) or projecting from a Wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall [2]
Problems
Monitoring of the dam revealed abnormal movement. Although dams normally move, the left side of the El Atazar Dam was moving more than the right because a support built on the dam's right made that side less flexible. In 1977 a crack was noticed in the dam. A fracture is the (local separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. By 1979 the crack had grown to 150 feet and was repaired. Inspection in 1983 revealed that the settling in the foundations and the movements of the dam had caused fracturing in the rock, resulting in significantly increasing the foundation's permeability. Permeability in the Earth sciences (commonly symbolized as κ, or k) is a measure of the ability of a material (typically a rock or unconsolidated The crack has been treated and since then the problems have abated. [3]
 El Atazar Dam |
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Notes
- ^ Dam basics. PBS. Retrieved on 2006-12-31. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
- ^ El Atazar Background. Retrieved on 2006-12-31. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
- ^ El Atazar Problem. Retrieved on 2006-12-31. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
External links
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