The Eifel is a low mountain range in western Germany. de Laacher See or Laach Lake (in English is a Crater lake or more exactly a Caldera lake in the Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. It occupies parts of southwestern North Rhine-Westphalia and northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz is one of the 16 federal states (German Bundesländer) of Germany.
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Geography
The Eifel is bordered by the Mosel River in the south and the Rhine in the east. The Moselle (Moselle Mosel Musel is a River flowing through France, Luxembourg and Germany. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge In the north it is limited by the hills of the High Fens (Hohes Venn), in the west by the Ardennes of Belgium and Luxemburg. The High Fens are an upland area in the province of Liège, in Belgium and nearby parts of Germany, between the Ardennes and the Eifel For the political subdivision of France see Ardennes (department. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Luxembourg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg Grand-Duché de Luxembourg Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small Landlocked country in Western Europe, bordered by
There are several distinct chains within the Eifel.
- The northernmost parts are called Ahrgebirge and rise north of the Ahr River in the district of Ahrweiler. The Ahr is a River in Germany, a left tributary of the Rhine. Ahrweiler is a district in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
- South of that river there is the Hohe Eifel ("High Eifel"), with the Hohe Acht (747 m) being the highest mountain of the Eifel.
- In the west, on the Belgian border, the hills are known as Schneifel (originally Schnee-Eifel, = "Snowy Eifel"), rising up to 698 m. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Schneifel is a name of the western part of the Eifel in Germany, near the Belgium border Also in the west, by the Belgian and Luxembourg border, the region is known as Islek (Aquilania). Luxembourg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg Grand-Duché de Luxembourg Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small Landlocked country in Western Europe, bordered by The Islek (Aquilania is a part of the German Eifel region ( Rhineland-Palatinate) in the Bitburg-Prüm district next to the Luxembourg
- The southern half of the Eifel is less high. It is cut by several rivers running north-south towards the Mosel. The largest of these rivers is the Kyll, and the hills on either side of this river are called the Kyllwald. The Kyll (ˈkɪl noted by the Roman poet Ausonius, is a 142 km long River in western Germany ( North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate
- In the south the Eifel is concluded by the Voreifel above the Mosel.
Geology
The Eifel and its western continuation into Belgium, the Ardennes, are a part of the Variscan mountain belt and belong to the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge. The Variscan (or Hercynian) orogeny is a geologic mountain-building event caused by Late Paleozoic Continental collision between Laurasia The Rheinisches Schiefergebirge is a low mountain range in western Germany, eastern Belgium and northeastern France.
The Eifel consists mainly of Devonian slates, sandstones and limestones, laid down in an ocean south of the Old Red Continent[1] and folded and overthrust in the Variscan orogeny. The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era spanning from to million years ago. Slate is a fine-grained foliated homogeneous, Metamorphic rock derived from an original Shale -type Sedimentary rock composed of Clay Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Euramerica (also known as Laurussia or Old Red Continent) was a minor Supercontinent created in the Devonian as the result of a collision between The Eifel geological structures like main folds and overthrusts can be traced in a SW-NE-dircection far beyond the Rhine valley. See also Folding The term fold is used in Geology when one or a stack of originally flat and planar surfaces such as Sedimentary A thrust fault is a type of fault, or break in the Earth's crust with resulting movement of each side against the other in which a lower stratigraphic position is pushed up
In the Tertiary and Quaternary geological era, the Eifel was a site of extensive volcanic activity. The chuprichondira geological time interval covers roughly the time span between the demise of the non- avian Dinosaurs and beginning of the most recent Ice Age, approximately Overview The term Quaternary ("fourth" was proposed by Giovanni Arduino in 1759 for alluvial deposits in the Po river valley in northern Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Some of the hills are volcanic vents. The peculiar cirlcle-shaped lakes (maar) of the volcanic regions formed in volcanic craters. A maar is a broad low- Relief Volcanic crater that is caused by a Phreatomagmatic eruption, an Explosion caused by Groundwater The last volcanic eruptions in the Laacher See volcanic site took place around 10 000 years ago and generated a huge volume of volcanic ash, now found in thin ash layers in contemporaneous sediments throughout Europe. de Laacher See or Laach Lake (in English is a Crater lake or more exactly a Caldera lake in the Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of The volcanism of the Eifel is thought to be partly caused by a hotspot or mantle plume, a place where hot material from deep in the mantle rises to the surface, and parly by melt-ascent at deep fractures in the earth's crust. In Geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earth's surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time A mantle plume is an upwelling of abnormally hot rock within the Earth's mantle. The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided A fracture is the (local separation of an object or material into two or more pieces under the action of stress. [2] Research has shown that the volcanism is still active; the Eifel region is rising by 1-2 mm per year. Historically, the Eifel volcanoes had inactive phases of 10,000 to 20,000 years between active phases, suggesting there is a possibility of future eruptions.
Additional facts
- Since 2004 about 110 km² of the Eifel have been protected as the nature reserve Eifel National Park. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of nature reserve ( natural reserve, nature preserve, natural preserve) is a Protected area of importance for Wildlife, flora
- The Nürburg Ring, one of the world's most famous motor racing courses, is located in the Eifel. The Nürburgring, known as simply " The Ring " by enthusiasts is a Motorsport Race track in Nürburg, Germany. The northern loop (Nordschleife) of the course is also known as the Green Hell (Grüne Hölle), because of its long, difficult and dangerous path through the local forest.
- An interesting archeological feature of the region is the Eifel Aqueduct, one of the longest aqueducts of the Roman empire, providing the city of Cologne with water. The Eifel Aqueduct was one of the longest aqueducts of the Roman Empire. The ancient Romans constructed numerous aqueducts ( Latin aquaeductūs, sing The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial
See also
- The Eifeler Regel in Luxembourgish orthography
External links
References
- ^ Meyer,W. Luxembourgish (lb Lëtzebuergesch Luxembourgeois Luxemburgisch Luxemburgs Lussimbordjwès also called Luxembourgian, also spelled Luxemburgish, is one of 1986. Geologie der Eifel, p. 4. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. ISBN 3-510-65127-8
- ^ Meyer 1986, p. 275
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