The Eichsfeld is a historical region in the southeast of Lower Saxony and Thuringia (which is called "Untereichsfeld" = lower Eichsfeld) and northwest of Thuringia ("Obereichsfeld" = upper Eichsfeld) in the south of the Harz mountains. Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen is located in central Germany. The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen is located in central Germany. The Harz is a mountain range in central Germany It is the highest mountain chain in northern Germany occupying parts of the German states of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt Until 1803 the Eichsfeld was for centuries part of the Archbishopric of Mainz, which is the cause of its current position as a Catholic enclave in the predominantly Protestant north of Germany. The Archbishopric of Mainz (Erzbistum Mainz or Electorate of Mainz (Kurfürstentum Mainz or Kurmainz) was an influential ecclesiastic and secular Prince-bishopric Catholic is an Adjective derived from the Greek adjective '' / 'katholikos' meaning "whole" or "complete". Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Following German partition in 1945, the West German portion became Landkreis Duderstadt. West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( Germany is divided into 413 administrative districts; these consist of 301 rural districts ( Landkreise) listed fully here and 112 urban districts ( Duderstadt is a city in southern Lower Saxony, Germany, located in the district of Göttingen. A few small transfers of territory between the American and Soviet zones of occupation took place in accordance with the Wanfried Agreement.
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Geography
Today the greatest part of the Obereichsfeld makes up the Landkreis (district) Eichsfeld. Eichsfeld is a district in Thuringia, Germany, and part of the historical region of Eichsfeld Other parts belong to the district Unstrut-Hainich. Unstrut-Hainich is a Kreis ( District) in the north of Thuringia, Germany. The Untereichsfeld, later Landkreis Duderstadt, was merged mostly with the Landkreis of Göttingen, while Lindau became part of Katlenburg-Lindau which is know part of the Landkreis of Northeim. Göttingen (ˈgœtɪŋən is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. Katlenburg-Lindau is a municipality in the Landkreis (district of Northeim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. Northeim is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise the districts of Holzminden, Hildesheim,
Cities in the Eichsfeld are Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Leinefelde-Worbis and Dingelstädt. Duderstadt is a city in southern Lower Saxony, Germany, located in the district of Göttingen. Heilbad Heiligenstadt is a Thuringian town in the Eichsfeld in Germany Leinefelde-Worbis is a town in the district of Eichsfeld, in northwestern Thuringia, Germany. Dingelstädt is a Thuringian city in the district of Eichsfeld in Germany
History
The Eichsfeld was first mentioned in 897, and in 1022 the Archbishopric of Mainz listed its possessions in the region, which were increased up until 1573. The Archbishopric of Mainz (Erzbistum Mainz or Electorate of Mainz (Kurfürstentum Mainz or Kurmainz) was an influential ecclesiastic and secular Prince-bishopric The ottonian Untereichsfeld became part of Eichsfeld after being part of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Grubenhagen between 1342 and 1434. The Ottonian dynasty was a dynasty of Germanic Kings (919-1024 named after its first emperor but also known as the Saxon dynasty after the family's origin Brunswick-Lüneburg (Braunschweig-Lüneburg also Brunswick-Lunenburg was a historical ducal state during the period from the Late Middle Ages through the The Principality of Grubenhagen was a subdivision of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the Holy Roman Empire.
During the Peasants' War within the Reichsstadt of Mühlhausen most of the monasteries, churches and castles were plundered and most of the Eichsfeld became Protestant. For other conflicts referred to as peasant wars or revolts see Peasant revolt (disambiguation. In the Holy Roman Empire, a free imperial city (in German: freie Reichsstadt) was a City formally ruled by the Emperor only &mdash Mühlhausen (official Mühlhausen/Thüringen) is a City in the Federal state Thuringia, Germany.
In 1575 the Society of Jesus successfully established the Counter-Reformation in Eichsfeld. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order The Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation denotes the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the The Thirty Years' War reached Eichsfeld in 1622 and during the years following several armies (Swedish, Danish, Thuringian) plundered the region. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. According to the Peace of Westphalia the Archbishopric of Mainz reestablished Catholicism in the area which was two thirds devastated and had lost 75% of its population. The term Peace of Westphalia refers to the two peace treaties of Osnabrück and Münster, signed on May 15 and October 24 of The Archbishopric of Mainz (Erzbistum Mainz or Electorate of Mainz (Kurfürstentum Mainz or Kurmainz) was an influential ecclesiastic and secular Prince-bishopric As a Christian Ecclesiastical term Catholic —from the Greek adjective, meaning "general" or "universal"—is described
During the Napoleonic time Eichsfeld was part of the Kingdom of Westphalia, which was dissolved after the victory over Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig. The Kingdom of Westphalia was a historical state that existed from 1807 - 1813 in parts of present-day Germany. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The Battle of the Nations (or Battle of Leipzig or Völkerschlacht bei Leipzig) on 16–19 October 1813 was one of the most decisive defeats suffered by Napoleon
From 1949 to 1990 the Obereichsfeld belonged to the GDR. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state In this atheistic state the people preserved their Catholic roots, and church life stayed relatively intact.
Politics
In consequence of the traditionalism in Eichsfeld, the percentage of voters for the CDU is significantly higher than in the surrounding area. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. [1] Eichsfeld is home to at least one prominent activist of the fascist party in Germany (NPD) and assaults on people who originate from outside Eichsfeld are not unknown. The NPD received about 3. 3% of the votes in the 2005 general election.
References
External links
- Official Homepage (German)
- History and map of the Eichsfeld 1789 (German)
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