For the British politician of the same name, see Edward Martell (politician)
Edward A. Edward Martell (1909 &ndash 1989 was a British politician and Libertarian activist Martell (b. 1920?, d. July 12, 1995) was a radiochemist for the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado. Radiochemistry is the Chemistry of Radioactive materials where radioactive Isotopes of elements are used to study the properties and Chemical reactions The National Center for Atmospheric Research ( NCAR) is a non-governmental U Boulder is a Home Rule Municipality that is the County seat and most populous city of Boulder County, Colorado, in the United States He fought fervently throughout his life against the medical establishment and the National Institute of Health for what he perceived to be insufficient research into radiation-induced lung cancer, particularly in regard to cigarette smoking. "NIH" redirects here For other meanings of NIH see NIH (disambiguation. Lung cancer is a Disease of uncontrolled Cell growth in tissues of the Lung. A cigarette ( French "small Cigar " from cigar + -ette) is a product consumed through Smoking and manufactured
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Education
Martell received his education the U.S. Military Academy in West Point, New York. "USMA" redirects here For other uses see USMA (disambiguation The United States Military Academy (also known as USMA, "USMA" redirects here For other uses see USMA (disambiguation The United States Military Academy (also known as USMA, New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous He was commissioned as a second lieutenant after graduating in 1942 and served in the Okinawa campaign of World War II, retiring with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He received a Ph. D. in radiochemistry from the University of Chicago in 1950. Radiochemistry is the Chemistry of Radioactive materials where radioactive Isotopes of elements are used to study the properties and Chemical reactions The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Research
After receiving his Ph. D. , he became a group leader at the Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies at the University of Chicago and also took up a position at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratory in Bedford, Massachusetts. Bedford is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. He managed radiation-effects projects studying a series of nuclear weapons tests in Nevada and the 1954 hydrogen bomb tests at the Bikini Atoll in the South Pacific. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Bikini Atoll (also known as Pikinni Atoll) is an Atoll in one of the Micronesian Islands in the Pacific Ocean, part of Republic of the Marshall
In 1962, after witnessing the devastating effects of nuclear weapons, Martell decided to pursue a different direction in his life and took up a position as a radiochemist in the Atmospheric Chemistry Division at NCAR in Boulder, Colorado. Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Boulder is a Home Rule Municipality that is the County seat and most populous city of Boulder County, Colorado, in the United States
In 1980 he published a paper in Newscript in which he argued that radium progeny, particularly polonium-210, are responsible for the cancer-causing effects of cigarettes. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Radium (ˈreɪdiəm is a radioactive Chemical element which has the symbol Ra and Atomic number 88 Polonium (pəˈloʊniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Po and Atomic number 84 discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie He followed this up in 1983 with a subsequent research paper in which he calculated that smokers who die of lung cancer have been exposed to 80-100 rads of radiation. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) The rad is a largely obsolete unit of absorbed Radiation dose with symbol rad.
In 1993 he published a paper in which he theorized that ionizing radiation in artesian groundwater was the energy source which fueled the evolution of DNA and the first living cells, after exchanging ideas with the University of Colorado's Nobel prize-winning chemist Tom Cech. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The University of Colorado at Boulder ( CU-Boulder, UCB officially Colorado and CU colloquially is the Flagship University The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature Thomas Robert Cech ( December 8, 1947 in Chicago) is a Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. At the time of his death, he was working on a book called "Natural Radionuclides and Life".
Positions and efforts
During his time at NCAR he served as president of the International Commission on Atmospheric Chemistry and Radioactivity within the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences. He was also a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of numerous other scientific societies. The American Association for the Advancement of Science (or AAAS) is an organization that promotes cooperation between Scientists defends scientific freedom encourages
He served as an expert witness during hearings before the U. S. Congress and United Nations on radioactive fallout. He also spearheaded the cleanup of plutonium contamination in the soil surrounding the Rocky Flats nuclear weapons manufacturing facility located outside of Boulder, after measuring levels of radioactivity surrounding the site. The Rocky Flats Plant was a United States Nuclear weapons production facility near Denver Colorado that operated from 1952 to 1992 Boulder is a Home Rule Municipality that is the County seat and most populous city of Boulder County, Colorado, in the United States He also supported the Southern Poverty Law Center which represented the victims of government-sponsored radiation testing on low-income black citizens. The Southern Poverty Law Center ( SPLC) is an American Non-profit legal organization internationally known for its tolerance education programs its legal
External links
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