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"Grieg" redirects here. For other uses, see Grieg (disambiguation).
Edvard Grieg (1891), Portrait by Eilif Peterssen
Edvard Grieg (1891), Portrait by Eilif Peterssen

Edvard Hagerup Grieg (15 June 1843 – 4 September 1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist who composed in the romantic period. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1843 ( MDCCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance A pianist (/'piənɪst/ is a Musician who plays the Piano. A professional pianist can perform solo pieces play with an ensemble or Orchestra He is best known for his Piano Concerto in A minor, for his incidental music to Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt (which includes Morning Mood and In the Hall of the Mountain King), and for his collection of piano miniatures Lyric Pieces. The Piano Concerto in A minor, Op 16 by Edvard Grieg (1843-1907 was the only Concerto Grieg completed Incidental music is Music in a play, Television program Radio program Video game, film or some other form not primarily musical "Ibsen" redirects here For other people named Ibsen see Ibsen (disambiguation. A play, or stageplay, is a form of Literature written by a Playwright, almost always consisting of Dialogue between Fictional characters Peer Gynt (per gʏnt is a play by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. Morning Mood (Morgenstemning Morgenstimmung is a composition belonging to Edvard Grieg's Peer Gynt Suite No In the Hall of the Mountain King (I Dovregubbens hall is a piece of orchestral music Opus 23 composed by Edvard Grieg for Henrik Ibsen 's The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers Lyric Pieces ( Lyriske stykker) is a collection of 66 short pieces for solo Piano written by Edvard Grieg.

Contents

Biography

Grieg was born in Bergen, Norway on 15 June 1843. is the second largest city in Norway. It is located on the south-western coast of Norway in the county of Hordaland in between a group of mountains known as De syv fjell Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1843 ( MDCCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common His ancestors were Scottish so the original family name was spelled "Greig". After the Battle of Culloden in 1746, his great-grandfather traveled widely, settling in Norway around 1770, and establishing business interests in Bergen. The Battle of Culloden (Blàr Chùil Lodair (16 April 1746 was the final clash between the French-supported Jacobites and the Hanoverian Year 1746 ( MDCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1770 ( MDCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Friday is the second largest city in Norway. It is located on the south-western coast of Norway in the county of Hordaland in between a group of mountains known as De syv fjell Grieg was raised in a musical home. His mother, Gesine, became his first piano teacher, who taught him to play at the age of 6. The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers He studied in several schools including Tank's School, and often brought in examples of his music to class.

In the summer of 1858, Grieg met the eminent Norwegian violinist Ole Bull, who was a friend of the family, and whose brother was married to Grieg's aunt. Events January 25 - The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn is played at the marriage of Queen Victoria's daughter "Vicky" the The following lists of violinists are available List of classical violinists, names of great violinist from baroque era till 20th century Ole Borneman Bull ( February 5, 1810 &ndash August 17, 1880) was a Norwegian Violinist, often called Norway's first Bull noticed the 15-year-old boy's talent and persuaded his parents to send him to further develop his talents at the Leipzig Conservatory, then directed by Ignaz Moscheles. The University of Music and Theatre "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy Leipzig" ( German: Hochschule für Musik und Theater "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy" (Isaac Ignaz Moscheles ( May 23, 1794 &ndash March 10, 1870) was a Bohemian Composer and Piano Virtuoso

Grieg enrolled in the conservatory, concentrating on the piano, and enjoyed the numerous concerts and recitals given in Leipzig. A university school of music or college of music, or academy of music or conservatoire ( French, but used in British English) &mdash This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong He disliked the discipline of the conservatory course of study, yet he still achieved very good grades in most areas, the exception being the organ, which was mandatory for piano students at the time. The organ (from Greek όργανον – organon "organ instrument tool" is a Keyboard instrument of one or more divisions each In the spring of 1860, he survived a life-threatening lung disease. Events The first Viennese Operetta, Das Pensionat by Franz von Suppé, debuts at the Theater an der Wien lung is the essential Respiration organ in air-breathing Animals including most Tetrapods a few Fish and a few Snails The most primitive The following year he made his debut as a concert pianist, in Karlshamn, Sweden. Karlshamn is a city in Blekinge,southern Sweden. It has 18768 inhabitants and is the seat of Karlshamn Municipality, Blekinge County "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. In 1862, he finished his studies in Leipzig, and held his first concert in his home town of Bergen, where his programme included Beethoven's Pathétique sonata. Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday Ludwig van Beethoven ( English ˈlʊdvɪg væn ˈbeɪtoʊvən, 16 December 1770 &ndash 26 March 1827 was a German Composer and Pianist. Ludwig van Beethoven 's Piano Sonata No 8 in C minor op 13 commonly known as Pathétique was published in 1799, though written the year before when (Grieg's own recording of his Piano Sonata, made late in his life, shows he was an excellent pianist). Edvard Grieg 's Piano Sonata in E minor Op 7 was written in 1865 when Grieg was only 22 years old

In 1863, Grieg went to Copenhagen, Denmark, and stayed there for three years. Events Modest Mussorgsky begins work on an opera Salammbô, which is never finished Copenhagen (ˌkəʊpənˈheɪgən ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːgən ˈkəʊpənˌheɪgən ˈkəʊpənˌhɑːgən kʰøb̥ənˈhɑʊ̯ˀn kʰøb̥m̩ˈhɑʊ̯ˀn is the capital and largest city The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe He met the Danish composers J. P. E. Hartmann, and Niels Gade. Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann ( May 14, 1805, Copenhagen – March 10, 1900, Copenhagen was a Danish Composer Niels Wilhelm Gade ( February 22, 1817 &ndash December 21, 1890) was a Danish Composer, conductor, He also met his fellow Norwegian composer Rikard Nordraak (composer of the Norwegian national anthem), who became a good friend and source of great inspiration. Rikard Nordraak ( June 12, 1842 &ndash March 20, 1866) was a Norwegian composer born in Christiania ( Oslo) (or "Ja vi elsker" (In English: "Yes we love this country" is the National anthem of Norway. Nordraak died shortly after, and Grieg composed a funeral march in his honor. Edvard Grieg composed a Funeral march, or Sørgemarsj, in memory of Rikard Nordraak, a fellow Norwegian Composer who died at the age Grieg had close ties with the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra (Harmonien) and was Music Director of the orchestra from 1880–1882. The Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra is one of the world's oldest Orchestral institutions Events Richard Strauss' first major work a symphony in D minor is premiered Events January - Richard Wagner completes Parsifal Helsinki University Chorus ( Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat) is founded

On 11 June 1867, Grieg married his first cousin, Nina Hagerup. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Nina Grieg, born Hagerup ( November 24 1845 in Bergen Norway - December 9 1935) was a Danish - Norwegian The next year their only child, Alexandra, was born. The following summer, Grieg wrote his Piano Concerto in A minor while on holiday in Denmark. Edmund Neupert gave the concerto its premiere performance on 3 April 1869 in the Casino Theater in Copenhagen. (Carl Fredrik Edmund Neupert ( 1842 - 22 June 1888) was a Norwegian Pianist and Composer. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Grieg himself was unable to be there due to commitments conducting in Christiania (as Oslo was then named). (called Christiania from 1624 to 1878 and Kristiania from 1878 to 1924 is the Capital and largest city of Norway.

In 1868, Franz Liszt, who up to that time had not met Grieg, wrote a testimonial for him to the Norwegian Ministry of Education, which led to Grieg obtaining a travel grant. Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The two finally met in Rome in 1870. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common On Grieg's first visit, the two went over Grieg's Violin Sonata No. 1, which pleased Liszt greatly. On the second visit, in April, Grieg brought with him the manuscript of his Piano Concerto, which Liszt proceeded to sightread (including the orchestral arrangement). Liszt's rendition greatly impressed his audience, although Grieg gently pointed out to him that he played the first movement too quickly. Liszt also gave Grieg some advice on orchestration, (e. Orchestration is the study or practice of writing Music for Orchestra (or more loosely for any Musical ensemble) or of adapting for orchestra music composed g. to give the melody of the second theme in the first movement to a solo trumpet).

Grieg's tomb
Grieg's tomb

In the summer of 1869, Grieg's daughter Alexandra became ill and died, at the age of 13 months. Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year

In 1876, Grieg created incidental music for the premiere of Ibsen's play Peer Gynt, at the request of the author. Incidental music is Music in a play, Television program Radio program Video game, film or some other form not primarily musical "Ibsen" redirects here For other people named Ibsen see Ibsen (disambiguation. Peer Gynt (per gʏnt is a play by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. Many of the pieces from this work became very popular in the form of orchestral suites or piano and piano-duet arrangements.

In 1888, Grieg met Tchaikovsky in Leipzig. This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong Grieg was later struck by the sadness in Tchaikovsky. [1] Tchaikovsky thought very highly of Grieg's music, praising its beauty, originality and warmth. [2]

Grieg's later life brought him fame but not wealth. The Norwegian government awarded him a pension.

In the spring 1903, Grieg made nine 78-rpm gramophone recordings of his piano music in Paris; all of these historic discs have been reissued on both LPs and CDs and, despite limited fidelity, show his artistry as a pianist. A gramophone Grieg also made live-recording player piano music rolls for the Welte-Mignon reproducing system, all of which survive today and can be heard. The player piano is a self-playing Piano, containing a pneumatic mechanism that plays on the piano action pre-programmed Music via perforated paper rolls M Welte & Sons Freiburg and New York was a manufacturer of Orchestrions organs and Reproducing pianos From 1832 until 1932 the firm produced mechanical

Edvard Grieg died in the autumn of 1907, aged 64, after a long period of illness. Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year His final words were "Well, if it must be so". The funeral drew between 30,000 and 40,000 people out on the streets of his home town to honour him. Following his wish, his own funeral march for Rikard Nordraak was played in an orchestration by his friend Johan Halvorsen, who had married Grieg's niece. Johan Halvorsen ( 15 March 1864 &ndash 4 December 1935) was a Norwegian Composer, conductor and Violinist In addition, the famous funeral march by Frédéric Chopin was played. His and his wife's ashes are entombed in a mountain crypt near his house, Troldhaugen. Troldhaugen was the home of Norwegian Composer Edvard Grieg, located in his hometown Bergen.

Music

Grieg is renowned as a nationalist composer, drawing inspiration from Norwegian folk music. Music based on traditional Norwegian form usually includes minor or modal scales (sometimes mixed with major scales making a sober and haunting sound Early works include a symphony (which he later suppressed) and a piano sonata. A symphony is a Musical composition, often extended and usually for Orchestra. The Baroque keyboard sonata In the Baroque era the use of the term "sonata" generally referred to either the Sonata da chiesa ( Church sonata He also wrote three sonatas for violin and piano and a cello sonata. The three Sonatas for Violin and Piano by Edvard Grieg were written between 1865 and 1887. Edvard Grieg composed the Cello Sonata in A minor Op 36, his largest chamber work in 1883 marking a return to composition following a period when the composer had His many short pieces for piano — often built on Norwegian folk tunes and dances — led some to call him the Chopin of the north.

Although Grieg's smaller scale pieces are the most successful musically, the Piano Concerto is his most popular and still frequently performed. The slow movement, with its folk-like melodies, is perhaps its most successful feature. It was championed by pianist/composer Percy Grainger, who befriended Grieg and played the concerto frequently during his long career. George Percy Grainger (8 July 1882&ndash20 February 1961 was an Australian born Composer, Pianist and champion of the Saxophone and the

Other well-known works are the Lyric Pieces (for piano), and the incidental music to Henrik Ibsen's play Peer Gynt. Lyric Pieces ( Lyriske stykker) is a collection of 66 short pieces for solo Piano written by Edvard Grieg. Incidental music is Music in a play, Television program Radio program Video game, film or some other form not primarily musical "Ibsen" redirects here For other people named Ibsen see Ibsen (disambiguation. A play, or stageplay, is a form of Literature written by a Playwright, almost always consisting of Dialogue between Fictional characters Peer Gynt (per gʏnt is a play by the Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen. Despite In the Hall of the Mountain King being one of Grieg's most popular and enduring compositions, he himself did not care much for it. In the Hall of the Mountain King (I Dovregubbens hall is a piece of orchestral music Opus 23 composed by Edvard Grieg for Henrik Ibsen 's In a letter to a friend he wrote about the "infernal thing reek[ing] of cow-pies and provincialism. " Grieg's popular Holberg Suite was originally written for the piano but later arranged for string orchestra. Holberg Suite Op40 more properly "From Holberg's Time" ( German: Aus Holbergs Zeit, Norwegian: Fra Holbergs A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs An orchestra is an instrumental ensemble, usually fairly large with string brass woodwind sections and possibly a percussion section as well

Grieg wrote songs with lyrics from Heinrich Heine, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and others (op. Christian Johann Heinrich Heine ( December 13, 1797 – February 17, 1856) was a Journalist, Essayist and one of the ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfgaŋ fɔn ˈgøːtə (in English generally ˈgɝːtə 28 August 1749 22 March 1832 was a German writer 4, op. 48, etc. ). Grieg's songs now feature frequently in recitals and it is perhaps in these and the Lyric Pieces that his originality shows itself most convincingly.

Nikolai Myaskovsky paid a tribute to Grieg by choosing a theme by Grieg for the variations with which he closed his Third String Quartet. Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky ( ru: Николай Яковлевич Мясковский also transliterated as Miaskovskii or Miaskovsky ( April 20, 1881

Works

For the complete list see List of compositions by Edvard Grieg

See also

Literature

English

Norwegian

Media

This performance of Grieg's piano concerto is by the University of Washington Symphony, conducted by Peter Eros. The Piano Concerto in A minor, Op 16 by Edvard Grieg (1843-1907 was the only Concerto Grieg completed The piano soloist is Neal O'Doan.

This performance of Grieg's piano concerto is by the Skidmore College Orchestra. It is courtesy of Musopen.

Notes

  1. ^ Gretchen Lamb. First Impressions, Edvard Grieg. Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed Lamb cites David Brown's Tchaikovsky Remembered
  2. ^ Richard Freed. Piano Concerto in A minor, Op. 16. Retrieved on 2006-10-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed

External links

Recordings and sheet music

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