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Edmund Gasseau Choteau Le Guerrier (1840-1921), of white and Cheyenne parentage, was a survivor of the Sand Creek massacre in 1864. Cheyenne are a Native American nation of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne Nation is composed of two united tribes, the Só'taa'e (more commonly The Sand Creek Massacre (also known as the Chivington massacre or the Battle of Sand Creek or the Massacre of Cheyenne Indians) was an incident in He was an interpreter for the U. S. government during the Indian Wars between the Cheyenne and the United States, and later became a successful rancher.

Contents

Early life

Guerrier was born January 16, 1840 in a Cheyenne camp on the Smoky Hill River in what is now the state of Kansas. The Smoky Hill River is a River in the US states of Colorado and Kansas. Kansas ( is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American " His father William Guerrier, a Frenchman born in 1812 in St. Louis, Missouri, was then employed by the fur trader William Bent of Bent's Fort; his mother was Tah-tah-tois-neh (Walks In Sight[1]), a Cheyenne of Little Rock's Wutapai band. William Guerrier (1812 - February 16 1858 was a businessman and Cheyenne interpretor on the Santa Fe Trail and Oregon Trail and is believed to be the William Bent ( 1809 &ndash 1869) was a Trapper and Rancher who mediated between the Cheyenne and the expanding United States Bent's Old Fort is an 1833 fort located in Otero County, Colorado, USA. Little Rock (in Cheyenne recorded by the Smithsonian as Hō-hăn-ĭ-no-o′) (ca In 1848, his father left William Bent's employ and, in partnership with Seth Edmund Ward, became a licensed trader in the region of the Upper Platte and Arkansas rivers, eventually operating a trading post along the Platte with his partners. The Platte River is an approximately 310 mi (499 km long river in the Western United States. The Arkansas River is a major Tributary of the Mississippi River. [2]

Guerrier's mother and an infant sibling died in an 1849 cholera epidemic. Cholera, sometimes known as Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera, is an infectious Gastroenteritis caused by the Bacterium In 1851 Guerrier was entered in a Catholic mission school near present-day St. Marys, Kansas, and later enrolled in St. Louis University. St Marys is a city in Pottawatomie and Wabaunsee counties in the U Saint Louis University (also known as SLU) is a private co-educational Jesuit University in the United States of America located in After his father's death in 1857, Guerrier withdrew from the university and eventually returned to live with his mother's people, who knew him as Red Tail Hawk. He narrowly escaped death in the Sand Creek massacre in 1864. The Sand Creek Massacre (also known as the Chivington massacre or the Battle of Sand Creek or the Massacre of Cheyenne Indians) was an incident in [2]

Indian Wars

Guerrier married George Bent's sister Julia in about 1865. He worked as an interpreter for the Interior Department and was present in that capacity at the negotiations for the Treaty of the Little Arkansas of 1865. After a stint as a trader for licensed arms dealer David A. Butterfield, he was hired as an interpreter by the War Department, assigned to the Seventh U.S. Cavalry and played a crucial role during the spring 1867 Hancock expedition under Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock. Winfield Scott Hancock ( February 14 1824 &ndash February 9 1886) was a career U [3] In August 1868 he was living with Little Rock's band on Buckner's Fork of the Pawnee River when he learned of the violent raids by a large war party on white settlements along the Saline and Solomon rivers in Kansas; he later gave an affidavit to the U. The Saline River is a river in Kansas. The river is reported to be not very salinated above Salt Creek in Russell County Kansas. The Solomon River is a River in Kansas. The Solomon River begins its run near Hill City in Graham County. Kansas ( is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American " S. military identifying the men responsible for the raids. [4]

In October 1867 he was an interpreter during negotiations for the Medicine Lodge Treaty. The Medicine Lodge Treaty was a set of three treaties signed between the United States of America and the Kiowa, Comanche, Plains Apache In 1869 he interpreted for the Fifth U.S. Cavalry under Maj. The 5th Cavalry Regiment is a historical unit of the United States Army that began its service in the decade prior to the American Civil War and continues in modified Gen. Eugene A. Carr, and afterward worked as a trader at Camp Supply for the firm of Lee and Reynolds. Eugene Asa Carr (March 20 1830 &ndash December 2 1910 was a soldier in the United States Army and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War Fort Supply (originally Camp Supply) was a United States Army post established on November 18, 1868, in Indian Territory to protect the He again worked for the Interior Department in 1871 and 1884, interpreting for Cheyenne delegations to Washington, D.C.[3]

Notes

  1. ^ National Archives #368 Edward Guerrier
  2. ^ a b Hardorff 2006, p. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D 50.
  3. ^ a b Hardorff 2006, p. 51.
  4. ^ Guerrier, Edmund. (1869-02-09). Affidavit. In U.S. House of Representatives 1870, pp. 167. Reproduced in Hardorff 2006, pp. 52-53.

References

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