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Edgar Frank "Ted" Codd

Born August 23, 1923(1923-08-23)
Isle of Portland, England
Died April 18, 2003 (aged 79)
Williams Island, Florida
Fields Computer Science
Institutions IBM
Known for OLAP
Relational Model
Notable awards Turing Award

Edgar Frank "Ted" Codd (August 23, 1923 – April 18, 2003) was a British computer scientist who, while working for IBM, invented the relational model for database management, the theoretical basis for relational databases. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Isle of Portland ( is a limestone tied island long by wide in the English Channel. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the Science of the theoretical foundations of Information and Computation and their International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology Online Analytical Processing or OLAP (ˈoʊlæp is an approach to quickly provide answers to analytical queries that are multi-dimensional in nature The relational model for Database management is a Database model based on first-order predicate logic, first formulated and proposed in 1969 by Edgar The A M Turing Award is given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery to "an individual selected for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the Science of the theoretical foundations of Information and Computation and their International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology The relational model for Database management is a Database model based on first-order predicate logic, first formulated and proposed in 1969 by Edgar A relational database is a Database that groups data using common attributes found in the data set He made other valuable contributions to computer science, but the relational model, a very influential general theory of data management, remains his most memorable achievement. Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the Science of the theoretical foundations of Information and Computation and their

Contents

Biography

Edgar Frank Codd was born on the Isle of Portland, in England. The Isle of Portland ( is a limestone tied island long by wide in the English Channel. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland After attending Poole Grammar School, he studied mathematics and chemistry at Exeter College, Oxford, before serving as a pilot in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War. Poole Grammar School (commonly abbreviated to "PGS" is a heavily oversubscribed selective all boys school in Poole, on the south coast of Britain Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Exeter College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England and the 4th oldest college of the University The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including In 1948, he moved to New York to work for IBM as a mathematical programmer. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous A programmer is someone who writes Computer software. The term computer programmer can refer to a specialist in one area of computer programming or to a generalist In 1953, angered by Senator Joseph McCarthy, Codd moved to Ottawa, Canada. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14 1908 – May 2 1957 was an American politician who served as a Republican U Ottawa (ˈɒtəwə or sometimes /ˈɒtəwɑː/ is the Capital of Canada and the country's fourth largest municipality. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page A decade later he returned to the U.S. and received his doctorate in computer science from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research Ann Arbor is a city in the US state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. Two years later he moved to San Jose, California to work at IBM's Almaden Research Center, where he continued to work until the 1980s. International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology During the 1990s, his health deteriorated and he ceased work. [1]

Codd received the Turing Award in 1981 and in 1994 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery[2]. The A M Turing Award is given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery to "an individual selected for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The Association for Computing Machinery, or ACM, was founded in 1947 as the world's first scientific and educational Computing society

Codd died of heart failure at his home in Williams Island, Florida at the age of 79 on Friday, April 18, 2003. Heart failure is a Cardiac condition that occurs when a problem with the structure or function of the Heart impairs its ability to supply [3]

Work

In the 1960s and 1970s he worked out his theories of data arrangement, issuing his paper "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks" in 1970, after an internal IBM paper one year earlier. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. [4] To his disappointment, IBM proved slow to exploit his suggestions until commercial rivals started implementing them.

Initially, IBM refused to implement the relational model in order to preserve revenue from IMS/DB. IBM Information Management System ( IMS) is a joint Hierarchical database and Information management system with extensive Transaction processing Codd then showed IBM customers the potential of the implementation of its model, and they in turn pressured IBM. Then IBM included in its Future Systems project a System R subproject — but put in charge of it developers who were not thoroughly familiar with Codd's ideas, and isolated the team from Codd. The Future Systems project was a research and development project undertaken in IBM in the early 70's aiming to develop a revolutionary line of computer products including IBM System R is a Database system built as a research project at IBM San Jose Research (now IBM Almaden Research Center) in the 1970s As a result, they did not use Codd's own Alpha language but created a non-relational one, SEQUEL. The Alpha language was the original database language developed by Edgar F Even so, SEQUEL was so superior to pre-relational systems that it was copied, based on pre-launch papers presented at conferences, by Larry Ellison in his Oracle Database, which actually reached market before SQL/DS — due to the then-already proprietary status of the original moniker, SEQUEL had been renamed SQL. Lawrence Joseph "Larry" Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American entrepreneur and the co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply Oracle) is a Relational database management system (RDBMS produced and marketed by SQL/DS (Structured Query Language/Data System was IBM 's first commercial implementation for its mainframe Computers of a DBMS (Database Management

Codd continued to develop and extend his relational model, sometimes in collaboration with Chris Date. Chris Date (born 1941 is an independent author lecturer researcher and consultant specializing in relational database technology One of the normalized forms, the Boyce-Codd Normal Form, is named after him. Database normalization, sometimes referred to as canonical synthesis, is a technique for designing Relational database tables to minimize duplication of Boyce-Codd normal form (or BCNF) is a normal form used in Database normalization.

As the relational model started to become fashionable in the early 1980s, Codd fought a sometimes bitter campaign to prevent the term being misused by database vendors who had merely added a relational veneer to older technology. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. As part of this campaign, he published his 12 rules to define what constituted a relational database. Codd's 12 rules are a set of thirteen rules (numbered zero to twelve proposed by Edgar F His campaign extended to the SQL language, which he regarded as an incorrect implementation of the theory. This made his position in IBM increasingly difficult, so he left to form his own consulting company with Chris Date and others. International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology

Edgar Codd coined the term OLAP and wrote the twelve laws of online analytical processing, although these were never truly accepted after it came out that his white paper on the subject was paid for by a software vendor. Online Analytical Processing or OLAP (ˈoʊlæp is an approach to quickly provide answers to analytical queries that are multi-dimensional in nature His last work, a book named The Relational Model for Database Management, version 2, was not so well received. On the other hand, his extension of the ideas in the relational model to cover database design issues, in his RM/T, have proved important [citation needed]. Relational Model/Tasmania (RM/T was published by EF Codd in 1979 and is the name given to a number of extensions to his original Relational model (RM published Codd also contributed knowledge in the area of cellular automata. A cellular automaton (plural cellular automata) is a discrete model studied in computability theory, Mathematics, Theoretical biology

In 2004, SIGMOD renamed its highest prize, SIGMOD Innovations Award, in his honor. SIGMOD is the Association for Computing Machinery 's Special Interest Group on Management of Data which specializes in large-scale data management problems and Databases

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/edgar-codd-730256.html Edgar Codd's obituary in The Independent
  2. ^ ACM Fellows
  3. ^ Edgar F Codd Passes Away, IBM Research, 2003 apr 23.
  4. ^ Michael Owens. The Definitive Guide to SQLite, p. 47. New York: Apress (Springer-Verlag) 2006. ISBN 978-1-59059-673-9.


Persondata
NAME Codd, Edgar Frank "Ted"
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION Computer scientist
DATE OF BIRTH August 23, 1923
PLACE OF BIRTH Isle of Portland, England
DATE OF DEATH April 18, 2003
PLACE OF DEATH Williams Island, Florida
A computer scientist is a person that has acquired knowledge of Computer science, the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their application Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Isle of Portland ( is a limestone tied island long by wide in the English Channel. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the
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