| Population: | 4 billion (2002) |
| GDP (PPP): | US$18. There are three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 077 trillion |
| GDP (Currency): | $8. 782 trillion |
| GDP/capita (PPP): | $4,518 |
| GDP/capita (Currency): | $2,195 |
| Annual growth of per capita GDP: |
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| Income of top 10%: | |
| Millionaires: | 2. This article includes three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP at Purchasing power parity (PPP Per capita This article includes three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product Per capita at Nominal values, the 0 million (0. 05%) |
| Unemployment | |
| Estimated female income |
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| Most numbers are from the UNDP from 2002, some numbers exclude certain countries for lack of information. Unemployment occurs when a person is available to work and currently seeking work but the person is without work. Income, refers to consumption opportunity gained by an entity within a specified time frame which is generally expressed in monetary terms | |
| See also: Economy of the world - Economy of Africa - Economy of Asia - Economy of Europe - Economy of North America - Economy of Oceania - Economy of South America | |
The economy of Asia comprises more than 4 billion people (60% of the world population), living in 46 different states. The world economy can be evaluated in various ways depending on the model used and this valuation can then be represented in various ways (for example in 2006 US dollars) The economy of Africa consists of the Trade, Industry, and resources of the peoples of Africa. Economic development Pre-1945 Industrial growth Prior to World War II, Europe's major financial and industrial states were the United Kingdom, The economy of North America comprises more than 514 million people in 23 sovereign states and 15 dependent territories Economic Development Future As the worlds regions become increasingly interlinked to form trade blocs the future which entails Oceania could lead to either increased unity Economic development As of early 2007 South America is experiencing great economic development with Venezuela, Colombia, Argentina, Uruguay An economy is the realized social system of production exchange distribution and consumption of goods and services of a country or other area The world population is the total number of living Humans on Earth at a given time A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population. Six further states lie partly in Asia, but are considered to belong to another region economically and politically.
As in all world regions, the wealth of Asia differs widely between, and within, states. This is due to its vast size, meaning a huge range of differing cultures, environments, historical ties and government systems. The largest economies in Asia in terms of nominal GDP are Japan, China, India. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Economies range from Japan, as the world's second largest economy by nominal GDP, to Cambodia as one of the poorest.
In terms of GDP by purchasing power parity, China has the largest economy in Asia and the second largest economy in the world, followed by Japan, India as the world's third, fourth largest economies respectively. The purchasing power parity ( PPP) theory uses the long-term equilibrium Exchange rate of two currencies to equalize their Purchasing power. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country
Contents |
Economic development
Ancient and medieval times
Asia was relatively rich in the ancient times. China and India alternated as the largest economies in the world from 1 A. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country D to about 1800 A. D. China was a major economic power and attracted many to the East, and for many the wealth and prosperity of the ancient culture of India personified South Asia, attracting European commerce, exploration and colonialism. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Silk Road became the main East-West trading route in the Asian hitherland while the Straits of Malacca stood as a major sea route. The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the The Strait of Malacca is a narrow 805 km (500 mile stretch of water between Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia) and the Indonesian island of Sumatra In the Straits of Malacca, Malacca established itself as an important port in Asia. The Sultanate of Malacca was founded by Parameswara in 1402 and later married the princess of Pasai in 1409.
Pre-1945
Prior to World War II, most of Asia was under colonial rule. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including See Colony and Colonization for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism Only relatively few states managed to remain independent in the face of constant pressure exerted by European power. Such examples are Siam and Japan. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.
Japan in particular managed to develop its economy due to a reformation in the 19th century. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The reformation was comprehensive and is today known as the Meiji Restoration. The, also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, or Renewal, was a chain of events that led to enormous changes in Japan 's political and social structure The Japanese economy continued to grow well into the 20th century and its economic growth created various shortages of resources essential to economic growth. As a result, the Japanese expansion began with a great part of Korea and China were annexed and thus, allowing the Japanese to secure strategic resources. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia.
At the same time, Southeast Asia was prospering due to trade and the introduction of various new technologies of that time. The volume of trade continued to increase with the opening of the Suez Canal in the 1860s. The Suez Canal is a Canal in Egypt. Opened in 1869 it allows Water transportation between Europe and Asia without circumnavigation Manila had its gallion or Manila gallion wherein products from the Philippines were traded to Europe. The City of Manila Neopets (originally NeoPets) is a virtual pet Website launched by Adam Powell and Donna Williams on 15 November 1999 The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The Philippines was the first Asian country to trade with Latin America via Acapulco. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Tobacco, coconut, corn, and sugar trade was the most in demand during that time. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Singapore, founded in 1819, rose to prominence as trade between the east and the west increased at an incredible rate. Singapore The British colony of Malaya, now part of Malaysia, was the world's largest producer of tin and rubber. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located British Malaya loosely described a set of states on the Malay Peninsula that were colonized by the British from the 18th and the 19th until the 20th century For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Tin is a Chemical element with the symbol Sn (stannum and Atomic number 50 The Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia, on the other hand, was known for its spices production. See http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/WikipediaFootnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the tags and the template below The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. A spice is a dried Seed, Fruit, Root, Bark or vegetative substance used in Nutritionally insignificant quantities as a Food additive Both the British and the Dutch created their own trading companies to manage their trade flow in Asia. The British created the British East India Company while the Dutch formed Dutch East India Company. The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or The Dutch East India Company ( Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie or VOC in old-spelling Dutch, literally "United East Indian Both companies maintained trade monopolies of their respective colonies.
In 1908, crude oil was first discovered in Persia, modern day Iran. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Afterwards, many oil fields were discovered and it was learnt later that the Mideast possesses the world's largest oil stocks. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. This made the rulers of the Arab nations very rich though the socioeconomic development in that region lagged behind.
In the early 1930s, the world underwent a global economic depression, today known as the Great Depression. A recession is a contraction phase of the Business cycle. The U Asia was not spared, and suffered the same pain as Europe and the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The volume of trade decreased dramatically all around Asia and indeed the world. With falling demand, prices of various goods starting to fall and further impoverished locals and foreigners alike. Supply and demand is an Economic model describing effects on price and quantity in a Market. In 1941, Japan invaded Malaya and thus began World War II in Asia. British Malaya loosely described a set of states on the Malay Peninsula that were colonized by the British from the 18th and the 19th until the 20th century
1945-1990
Following World War II, the People's Republic of China and India, which account for half of the population of Asia, adopted socialist policies. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country These policies limited the economic growth of the region. In contrast, the economies of superiors Japan, South Korea and the other tigers Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong--were economic successes, and the only successful economies outside of North America, Western Europe and Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Singapore Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders The Philippines from Post World War II until the late 1960s had the second largest economy in Asia. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The Philippine economy during the 1980s was marked by stagnant growth as a result of dictatorship and martial law.
One of the most pronounced Asian economic phenomenons during this time - the Japanese post-war economic miracle greatly impacted the rest of the world. Japanese post-war economic miracle is the name given to the historical phenomenon of Japan's record period of economic growth following World War II, spurred After World War II, under central guidance from the Japanese government, the entire economy was undergoing a remarkable restructuring. Close cooperation between the government, corporations and banks facilitated easy access to much-needed capital, and large conglomerates known as keiretsu spurred horizontal and vertical integration across all industries, keeping out foreign competition. A is a set of companies with interlocking Business relationships and shareholdings. In Microeconomics and Strategic management, the term horizontal integration describes a type of ownership and control In Microeconomics and Management, the term vertical integration describes a style of Management control. These policies, in addition to an abandonment of military spending, worked phenomenally well. Japanese corporations as a result exported and still export massive amounts of high quality products from The Land of The Rising Sun. Another equally amazing economic success story is that of South Korea's. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː The country was left improverished after the Korean War, yet was able to recover at double digit percentiles. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the Many conglomerates, such as Samsung, LG, Hyundai, Kia, iRiver, and more grew tremendously during this period. The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate Hyundai refers to a group of companies and related organizations founded by Chung Ju-yung in South Korea. Kia Motors, a subsidiary of Hyundai Kia Automotive Group, is South Korea 's 2nd largest automobile manufacturer with headquarters in Seoul, iriver (formerly iRiver) is a brand and division of ReignCom, manufacturer of Digital audio players and other portable South Korea has now become the world's most wired and high tech country in the world. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː High tech is Technology that is at the cutting edge —the most advanced technology currently available
This period was also marked by military conflict. Wars driven by the Cold War, notably in Vietnam and Afghanistan, wrecked the economies of these respective nations. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1990-91, many Central Asian states were cut free and were forced to adapt to pressure for democratic and economic change. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south Also, several of the USSR's allies lost valuable aid and funding.
1991-2004
After the liberalization of the economy of India, undertaken by then finance minister and current Prime Minister of India, Dr. The economy of India, measured in USD exchange-rate terms is the twelfth largest in the world with a GDP of around $1 trillion (2008 The Finance Minister of India is a Cabinet position in the Government of India. The Prime Minister of India is head of the Council of Ministers, appointed by the President to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive Manmohan Singh, the Indian economy coupled with the Chinese economy to power Asia into being one of the hotspots for world trade. Manmohan Singh (ਮਨਮੋਹਨ ਸਿੰਘ (born 26 September 1932 is the 17th The Chinese economy was already booming under the economic measures undertaken by Jiang Zemin. Jiang Zemin ( born 17 August 1926 was the "core of the third generation " of Communist Party of China leaders serving as General Secretary of Currently, China's Economy topped at 10% growth and India's Economy at around 9%. Asia has started showing its potential. One of the factors was the sheer size of the population in this region.
Meanwhile, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia emerged as the new Asian tigers with their GDPs growing well above 7% per year in the 1980s and the 90s. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Their economies were mainly driven by growing exports. The Philippines, also considered a new Asian Tiger, began to open up its economy again in the early in the 90s. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Vietnam's economy began to grow in 1995, shortly after the United States and Vietnam restored economic and political ties. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially
Throughout the 1990s, the manufacturing ability and cheap labor markets in Asian developing nations allowed companies to establish themselves in many of the industries previously dominated by companies from developed nations. Asia became one of the largest sources of automobiles, machinery, audio equipment and other electronics. A machine is any device that uses Energy to perform some activity Electronics refers to the flow of charge (moving Electrons through Nonmetal conductors (mainly Semiconductors, whereas electrical
At the end of 1997, Thailand was hit by currency speculators, and the value of the Baht along with its annual growth rate fell dramatically. Speculation, in a financial context is making an investment that increases the overall risk in a portfolio Soon after, the crisis spread to Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore and many other Asian economies, resulting in great economic damage on the affected countries (Japan largely escaped the crisis). Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders In fact, some of the economies, most notably those of Thailand, Indonesia, and South Korea actually contracted. This later would be known as the Asian financial crisis. The Asian Financial Crisis was a period of Financial crisis that gripped much of Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown ( By 1999, most countries had already recovered from the crisis.
In 2004, parts of Sumatra and South Asia were severely damaged by an earthquake and the subsequent tsunami. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of The natural disaster wiped out huge amounts of infrastructure throughout the affected area and displaced millions. Infrastructure typically refers to the technical structures that support a society such as Roads Water supply, Wastewater, Power grids
Future
Asia's large economic disparities are a source of major continuing tension in the region. While global economic powers Japan, South Korea, China, and India continue powering through, and Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam have entered the path to long-term growth, regions right next to these countries are in need of severe assistance. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially
Given the large number cheap and amply available labor in the region, particularly in China and India, where large workforces provide an economical advantage over other countries, the rising standard of living will eventually lead to a slow-down. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Asia is also riddled with political problems that threaten not just the economies, but the general stability of the region and world. The nuclear neighbors -- China and India -- constantly pose a threat to each other, causing their governments to heavily invest in military spending. A military budget of an entity most often a Nation or a State, is the Budget and financial resources dedicated to raising and maintaining
Military intervention by the United States in Afghanistan and Iraq has also inflamed extremism and resulted in several terrorist attacks in a number of Asian countries. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Another impending crisis is the depletion of oil reserves in the Middle East. Oil reserves are the estimated quantities of Crude oil that are claimed to be recoverable under existing Economic and operating conditions Most of these economies have traditionally been over-dependent on oil and have had difficulty establishing another pillar in their economies.
Yet another potential global danger posed by the economy of Asia is the growing accumulation of foreign exchange reserves. Foreign exchange reserves (also called Forex reserves) in a strict sense are only the foreign Currency deposits held by Central banks and monetary The countries with the largest foreign reserves are mostly in Asia - China (Mainland - $988 billion & Hong Kong - $130 billion, September 2006), Japan ($881 billion, September 2006), Taiwan ($261 billion, September 2006), the Republic of Korea ($228 billion, September 2006), Singapore ($129 billion, June 2005), India ($200 billion, April 2007). Singapore This increasingly means that the interchangeability of the Euro, USD, and GBP are heavily influenced by Asian central banks. Some economists in the western countries see this as a bad thing, prompting their respective governments to take action.
The economies of Asia are expected to be unequally divided for a long period of time. Far Eastern nations such as economic leaders China, Japan and South Korea will continue to flourish. The Far East is a term often used by people in the Western world to refer to the countries of East Asia. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Japanese products such as Sony and Hitachi are commanding premium prices in the western world. is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with () is a Multinational corporation specializing in high-technology and services headquartered in Marunouchi Itchome Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings South Korean products made by the Samsung and LG conglomerates are emerging as strong competitors to established Japanese firms. The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate These two countries are expected to be economic rivals for future, with new competitors such as China and Taiwan joining the race. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. On the other hand, the Middle East and a few parts of South East Asia is and will be in a state of trouble. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East.
Trade blocs
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is a group of Pacific Rim countries who meet with the purpose of improving economic and political ties
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a political, economic, and cultural organization of countries located in Southeast Asia. The Pacific Rim refers to the countries and cities located around the edge of the Pacific Ocean. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, commonly referred to as ASEAN, ˈɑːsiːɑːn AH-see-ahn in English (the Official language The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, commonly referred to as ASEAN, ˈɑːsiːɑːn AH-see-ahn in English (the Official language Founded in 1967, its aim is to foster cooperation and mutual assistance among members. The countries meet annually every November in summits.
The current member countries of ASEAN are Myanmar (Burma), Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Singapore and Indonesia. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Laos (ˈlɑːoʊs or /ˈlaʊs/ officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a Landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام Singapore The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. Papua New Guinea is given an observer status. Papua New Guinea (or ˈpæpjuːə in Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini) officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania Observation is either an activity of a living being (such as a Human) which senses and assimilates the Knowledge of a Phenomenon, or the recording of data
In 2005 ASEAN was instrumental in establishing the East Asia Summit (involving all ASEAN members plus China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia and New Zealand) which some have proposed may become in the future a trade bloc, the arrangements for which are far from certain and not yet clear. The East Asia Summit (EAS is a forum held annually by leaders of 16 countries in the East Asian region China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island
The Asian Currency Unit (ACU) is a proposed currency unit for the ASEAN "10+3" economic circle. The Asian Currency Unit (ACU is a proposed weighted index of currencies for ASEAN+3. (ASEAN, the mainland of the People's Republic of China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea). Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː
Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
The Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) is an economic agreement between the People's Republic of China and both the Hong Kong SAR government (signed on 29 June 2003), and the Macau SAR government (signed on 18 October, 2003), in order to promote trade and investment facilitation. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics.
The main aims of CEPA are to eliminate tariffs and non-tariff barrier on substantially all the trade in goods between the three, and achieve liberalization of trade in services through reduction or elimination of substantially all discriminatory measures.
Commonwealth of Independent States
The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a confederation consisting of 12 of the 15 states of the former Soviet Union, both Asian and European, (the exceptions being the three Baltic states). A confederation is a group of empowered states or communities usually created by treaty but often later adopting a common constitution The Baltic states (Balti riigid Baltijas valstis Baltijos valstybės or Baltic countries are three countries in Northern Europe, all members of the Although the CIS has few supranational powers, it is more than a purely symbolic organization and possesses coordinating powers in the realm of trade, finance, lawmaking and security. The most significant issue for the CIS is the establishment of a full-fledged free trade zone / economic union between the member states, to be launched in 2005. It has also promoted cooperation on democratisation and cross-border crime prevention.
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an association of 8 countries of South Asia, namely Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC) is an economic and political organization of eight countries in Southern Asia. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Maldives ( or, or Maldive Islands) officially the Republic of Maldives, is an Island nation consisting of a group of atolls stretching Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, These countries comprise an area of 5 130 746 km² and a fifth of the population of the world.
SAARC encourages cooperation in agriculture, rural development, science and technology, culture, health, population control, narcotics control and anti-terrorism.
South Asia Free Trade Agreement (proposed)
The South Asia Free Trade Agreement is an agreement reached at the 12th South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation summit. The Agreement on the South Asian Free Trade Area is an agreement reached at the 12th South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC summit at Islamabad, The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC) is an economic and political organization of eight countries in Southern Asia. It creates a framework for the creation of a free trade zone covering 1. Free trade is a system in which the trade of goods and services between or within countries flows unhindered by government-imposed restrictions 6 billion people in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan and the Maldives. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia. The Maldives ( or, or Maldive Islands) officially the Republic of Maldives, is an Island nation consisting of a group of atolls stretching
Currency
Below is a list of the currencies of Asia, including all fully Asian states plus Russia, with exchange rates between each currency and both the Euro and US Dollars as of 9th December 2004.
| Country | Currency | worth in Euro | worth in USD | Central bank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan |
Afghani | 0. A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is the entity responsible for the Monetary policy of a country or of a group of member states Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, This article refers to the currency For other uses see Afghani. 0171287 | 0. 0228157 | |
 Bahrain |
Bahraini Dinar | 1. The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf The dinar (دينار is the Currency of Bahrain. The ISO 4217 currency code is BHD 99136 | 2. 65957 | |
 Bangladesh |
Taka | 0. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially The taka ( Bengali: টাকা ṭaka) is the Currency of Bangladesh. 0125917 | 0. 0167723 | Bangladesh Bank |
 Bhutan |
Ngultrum | 0. Bangladesh Bank is the Central bank of Bangladesh. History After the liberation war, and the eventual independence of Bangladesh The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia. The ngultrum ( ISO 4217 code BTN) ( Dzongkha: dz དངུལ་ཀྲམ has 0170095 | 0. 0226630 | |
 Brunei |
Brunei Dollar | 0. Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام The ringgit Brunei ( Malay) or the Brunei dollar ( English, Currency code: BND) has been the Currency of the Sultanate 455736 | 0. 606944 | |
 Cambodia |
Riel | 0. The Kingdom of Cambodia ( formerly known as Kampuchea (, transliterated: Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchea) is a country in South East The riel ( Khmer: រៀល Symbol ៛ is the Currency of Cambodia. 000305774 | 0. 000260068 | |
 People's Republic of China |
Renminbi Hong Kong Dollar Macanese Pataca |
0. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Macau topics. The pataca ( ISO 4217 code MOP) is the currency of Macau. It is subdivided into 100 avos ( Cantonese: 仙 sin) 09 0. 11 0. 11 |
0. 12 0. 13 0. 13 |
People's Bank of China Hong Kong Monetary Authority Monetary Authority of Macao |
 Republic of China (Taiwan) |
New Taiwan Dollar | 0. The People's Bank of China ( PBC or PBOC) ( is the Central bank of the People's Republic of China (not to be confused with the Bank The Hong Kong Monetary Authority ( or HKMA (金管局 is Hong Kong 's Central banking institution (more precisely Currency board) The Monetary Authority of Macao (Autoridade Monetária de Macau abbr REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The New Taiwan dollar ( ( Currency code TWD and common abbreviation NT$) or simply Taiwan dollar, is the official Currency of the 0233412 | 0. 0310945 | Central Bank of the Republic of China |
 Timor-Leste |
US Dollar | 0. East Timor, also known as Timor-Leste (officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste) is a country in Southeast Asia. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 750803 | 1 | |
 India |
Indian Rupee | . India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The rupee (रुपया ( code: INR) is the Currency of India. 0175701 | . 0253710 | Reserve Bank of India |
 Indonesia |
Rupiah | 0. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक is the Central bank of India, and was established on April The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. The rupiah ( sign: Rp; code: IDR) is the official Currency of Indonesia. 0000819210 | 0. 000109059 | Bank Indonesia |
 Iran |
Iranian Rial | 0. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. The rial (ریال in Persian; ISO 4217 code IRR) is the currency of Iran. 0000847274 | 0. 000112852 | |
 Iraq |
Iraqi Dinar | 0. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. The dinar (pronounced di-'när ( Arabic: دينار Kurdish: دینار ( sign: ع 000513340 | 0. 000683737 | Central Bank of Iraq |
 Israel |
Sheqel | 0. The Central Bank of Iraq (البنك المركزي العراقي was established as Iraq 's Central bank by Central Bank of Iraq Law 2004 with authorised For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. The Israeli New Sheqel ( ( sign: ₪; code: ILS) (also spelled unofficially shekel; pl 172654 | 0. 229975 | Bank of Israel |
 Japan |
Yen | 0. The Bank of Israel (בנק ישראל بنك إسرائيل is the Central bank of Israel. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. 00718413 | 0. 00956539 | Bank of Japan |
 Jordan |
Jordanian Dinar | 1. is the Central bank of Japan. History Like most modern Japanese institutions the Bank of Japan was born after the Meiji Restoration. Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern The dinar ( ISO 4217 code JOD; unofficially known as JD) is the currency of Jordan. 06031 | 1. 41243 | |
 Kazakhstan |
Tenge | 0. Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan ( Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, qɑzɑqˈstɑn Казахстан, Kazakhstán,) officially the The tenge (теңге is the currency of Kazakhstan. It is divided into 100 tiyn (тиын also transliterated as tiyin or tijn) 00576997 | 0. 00768610 | |
 North Korea |
North Korean Won | 0. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, The wŏn ( sign: ₩; code: KPW) is the currency of North Korea. 341229 | 0. 454545 | |
 South Korea |
South Korean Won | 0. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː The won (ko 원 ( sign: ₩; code: KRW) is the currency of South Korea. 000711045 | 0. 000947424 | Bank of Korea |
 Kuwait |
Kuwaiti Dinar | 2. The Bank of Korea (BOK is the Central bank of South Korea. It was established in 1950 at Seoul. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed 54691 | 3. 39425 | |
 Kyrgyzstan |
Kyrgyzstani Som | 0. Kyrgyzstan (ˈkɻ̩gɪztɑn (AmE or /'kɝgəztan/ (BrE Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан; Russian: Киргизия or Киргизстан or Кыргызстан The som ( Kyrgyz: сом sometimes transliterated as "sum" or "soum" is the Currency of the Kyrgyz Republic in Central Asia 0181059 | 0. 0241177 | |
 Laos |
Kip | 0. Laos (ˈlɑːoʊs or /ˈlaʊs/ officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a Landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma 0000692876 | 0. 0000922935 | |
 Lebanon |
Lebanese Pound | 0. Lebanon (ˈlɛbənɒn Arabic: ar لبنان Lubnān) officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic (ar الجمهورية اللبنانية The Lebanese pound ( lira in Arabic, ليرة or livre in French) ( ISO 4217: "Lebanese pound" LBP is the currency 000495695 | 0. 000659979 | |
 Malaysia |
Ringgit | 0. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Ringgit ( Malay for "jagged" mostly refers to the Malaysian ringgit, which is the local currency in Malaysia, but it can also refer 197525 | 0. 263219 | Bank Negara Malaysia |
 Maldives |
Rufiyah | 0. Bank Negara Malaysia or BNM is the Malaysian Central bank. Its headquarters is located in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia and The Maldives ( or, or Maldive Islands) officially the Republic of Maldives, is an Island nation consisting of a group of atolls stretching The rufiyaa ( Dhivehi: ދިވެހި ރުފިޔާ is the currency of the Maldives. 0637958 | 0. 0849618 | |
 Mongolia |
Tugrik | 0. Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East The tögrög (төгрөг (MNT Tugrik, ₮ is the official currency of Mongolia. 000618514 | 0. 000823723 | |
 Myanmar |
Kyat | 0. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. The kyat ( dʒɛʔ or tʃɛʔ ISO 4217 code MMK is the Currency of Myanmar / Burma. 135242 | 0. 180112 | |
 Nepal |
Nepalese Rupee | 0. Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. The rupee (रूपैयाँ ( sign: ₨; code: NPR)is the official Currency of Nepal. 0105153 | 0. 0140041 | Nepal Rastriya Bank |
 Oman |
Omani Rial | 1. Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman ( Arabic: سلطنة عُمان) is an Arab Country in Southwest Asia on the southeast The rial ( Arabic: ريال ISO 4217 code OMR) is the Currency of Oman. 95241 | 2. 60077 | |
 Pakistan |
Pakistani Rupee | 0. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The rupee ( sign: ₨; code: PKR) is the Currency of Pakistan. 0124665 | 0. 0166064 | State Bank of Pakistan |
 Palestinian Authority |
Sheqel (Israeli) | 0. The State Bank of Pakistan ( SBP) ( Urdu: بینک دولت پاکستان) is the Central bank of Pakistan. Shekel also rendered sheqel, refers to one of many ancient units of Weight and Currency. 17 | 0. 23 | no central bank |
 Philippines |
Philippine Peso | 0. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The peso ( Filipino: piso) ( sign: ₱; code: PHP) is the currency of the Philippines. 0133941 | 0. 0178531 | Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas |
 Qatar |
Qatari Riyal | 0. The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas ( BSP) is the Central bank of the Republic of the Philippines. Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated The Riyal ( Arabic: ريال ISO 4217 code QAR) is the currency of Qatar. 206213 | 0. 274786 | |
 Russia |
Russian Ruble | 0. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The ruble or rouble (рубль rublʹ, plural ru рубли́ rubli; see note on English spelling and Russian plurals with numbers 0267806 | 0. 0356723 | Central Bank of the Russian Federation |
 Saudi Arabia |
Saudi Riyal | 0. The Bank of Russia (Банк России or the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Центральный банк Российской Федерации is the The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The riyal ( Arabic: ريال ISO 4217 code SAR) is the currency of Saudi Arabia. 200178 | 0. 266660 | |
 Singapore |
Singapore Dollar | 0. Singapore The dollar ( sign: $; code: SGD) is the Currency of Singapore. 455762 | 0. 607083 | Monetary Authority of Singapore |
 Sri Lanka |
Sri Lankan Rupee | 0. The Monetary Authority of Singapore ( Abbreviation: MAS; Chinese: 新加坡金融管理局 Malay: Penguasa Kewangan Singapura) is Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The rupee ( Sinhala: රුපියල, Tamil: ரூபாய் ( sign: ₨; code: LKR) is the Currency 00715451 | 0. 00953107 | Bank of Ceylon |
 Syria |
Syrian Pound | 0. Introduction The Bank of Ceylon (also abbreviated as BoC) is a major government-owned commercial Bank in Sri Lanka. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية The Syrian pound ( Arabic: الليرة السورية al-līra as-sūriyya, French: livre syrienne) is the Currency of Syria 0143770 | 0. 0191527 | |
 Tajikistan |
Tajikistani Somoni | 0. Tajikistan (təˈdʒɪkɨstæn or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/ Тоҷикистон tɔʤikɪsˈtɔn or, Persian تاجیکستان taajikestaan officially the Republic of The somoni (cомонӣ ISO 4217 code TJS is the currency of Tajikistan. 269553 | 0. 359066 | |
 Thailand |
Baht | 0. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj 0189565 | 0. 0252245 | Bank of Thailand |
 Turkmenistan |
Manat | 0. The Bank of Thailand (ธนาคารแห่งประเทศไทย is the Central bank of Thailand. Turkmenistan ( Türkmenistan; also known as Turkmenia) is a Turkic country in Central Asia. The manat is the Currency of Turkmenistan. It was introduced on November 1, 1993, replacing the Russian ruble at a rate of 1 000144365 | 0. 000192306 | |
 United Arab Emirates |
United Arab Emirates dirham | 0. The dirham (درهم ( sign: دإ; code: AED) is the currency of the United Arab Emirates. 204394 | 0. 272301 | Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates |
 Uzbekistan |
Uzbekistani Som | 0. The Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (مصرف الإمارات العربية المتحدة المركز is the Central bank of the United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly For earlier currencies used in Uzbekistan see Bukharan tenga, Kokand tenga and Khwarazmi tenga. 000715188 | 0. 000952628 | |
 Vietnam |
Dong | 0. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially 0000476064 | 0. 0000634115 | |
 Yemen |
Yemeni Rial | 0. Yemen ( Arabic: اليَمَن al-Yaman officially the Republic of Yemen ( Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhuuriyya The rial or riyal is the currency of Yemen. It is technically divided into 100 fils, although coins denominated in fils have not been issued since 00409130 | 0. 00544959 |
Table correct as of 9th December 2004 (see [1] for latest)
Economic sectors
Primary Sector
Asia is by a considerable margin the largest continent in the world, and is rich in natural resources. The vast expanse of the former Soviet Union, particularly that of Russia, contains a huge variety of metals, such as gold, iron, lead, titanium, uranium, and zinc. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Gold (ˈɡoʊld is a Chemical element with the symbol Au (from its Latin name aurum) and Atomic number 79 Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 Characteristics Lead has a dull luster and is a dense, Ductile, very soft highly Titanium (taɪˈteɪniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Ti and Atomic number 22 Uranium (jʊˈreɪniəm is a silvery-gray Metallic Chemical element in the Zinc (ˈzɪŋk from Zink is a Metallic Chemical element with the symbol Zn and Atomic number 30 These metals are mined, but inefficiently due to continued use of poorly maintained, obsolete machinery left over from the communist era. Nevertheless, profits are high due to a commodity price boom in 2003/2004 caused largely by increased demand in China. Oil is Southwest Asia's most important natural resource. Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Kuwait are rich in oil reserves and have benefited from recent oil price escalations.
Asia is home to some four billion people, and thus has a well established tradition in agriculture. High productivity in agriculture, especially of rice, allows high population density of many countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, southern China, Cambodia, India, and Vietnam. Rice is a Cereal foodstuff which forms an important part of the diet of many people worldwide and as such it is a staple food for many Agriculture constitutes a high portion of land usage in warm and humid areas of Asia. Many hillsides are farmed in a terrace method to boost arable land. The main agricultural products in Asia include rice and wheat. Rice is a Cereal foodstuff which forms an important part of the diet of many people worldwide and as such it is a staple food for many Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Opium is one of major cash crops in Central and Southeast Asia, particularly in Afghanistan, though its production is prohibited everywhere. Opium is a Narcotic formed from the Latex (ie sap released by lacerating (or "scoring" the immature seed pods of opium poppies ( Forestry is extensive throughout Asia except Southwest and Central Asia, with many of the items of furniture sold in the developed nations made out of Asian timber. Fishing is a major source of food, particularly in Japan.
Secondary Sector
The manufacturing sector in Asia has traditionally been strongest in the East region - particularly in China, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea and Singapore. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Singapore The industry varies from manufacturing cheap low value goods such as toys to high-tech added value goods such as computers, CD players, Games consoles and cars. This article is about playthings For other uses of the term see Toy (disambiguation. A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. A Compact Disc player (often written as compact disc player) or CD player, is an electronic device which plays audio Compact Discs CD players are often Major Asian manufacturing companies are mostly based in either South Korea or Japan. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. They include Samsung, Hyundai, LG from Korea, and Sony, Toyota, Honda, and Nissan from Japan. The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate Hyundai refers to a group of companies and related organizations founded by Chung Ju-yung in South Korea. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with (pronounced) is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Japan, and is currently the world's largest Automaker. () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Many developed-nation firms from Europe, North America, Japan and South Korea have significant operations in the developing Asia to take avantage of the abundant supply of cheap labor. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː One of the major employers in manufacturing in Asia is the textile industry. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. Much of the world's supply of clothing and footwear now originates in Southeast Asia and South Asia, particularly in Vietnam, China, India, Thailand, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia.
Tertiary Sector
Asia has three important financial centers, located in Hong Kong, Singapore and Tokyo. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Singapore officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. India has been one of the greatest beneficiaries of the economic boom. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The country has emerged as one of the world's largest exporters of software and other information technology related services. World class Indian software giants such as Infosys, TCS, Wipro and Satyam have emerged as the world's most sought after service providers. Infosys Technologies Limited () is a multinational Information technology services company headquartered in Bengaluru, India. Tata Consultancy Services Limited ( TCS) is an Indian software services and consulting company Wipro Technologies ( is an Information technology service company established in India in 1980 Satyam Computer Services Ltd is a Consulting and Information technology services company based in Hyderabad, India. Call centers are also becoming major employers in India, Philippines, Malaysia, etc. due to the availability of many well educated English speakers. Here again India holds close to 60% of the trade share. The rise of the Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry has seen the rise of India and China as the other financial centers. Outsourcing is Subcontracting a process such as product design or Manufacturing, to a Third-party company Experts believe that the current center of financial activity is moving toward "Chindia" - a name used for jointly referring to China and India - with Shanghai and Mumbai (Bombay) becoming major financial hubs in their own right. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial Other growing technological and financial hubs include Seoul (South Korea), Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Bangkok (Thailand), Manila (Philippines), Jakarta (Indonesia), Chennai (Madras) (India), Hyderabad (India) and Bangalore (India). Seoul ( soʊl is the Capital and largest City of South Korea. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Bangkok, known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (krūŋtʰêːp máhǎːnákʰɔn) or Krung Thep ( for short is the Capital, largest The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj The City of Manila The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Jakarta (also DKI Jakarta) is the Capital and largest city of Indonesia. The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Bangalore ( officially Bengaluru ( Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು) is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country
See also
- Asia
- History of Asia
- Geography of Asia
- Commonwealth of Independent States
- List of Asian countries by GDP
- World economy
- 1997 Asian Financial Crisis
Economy by country
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