Map of Balkans with regions inhabited by Romanians/Vlachs highlighted

The Eastern Romance languages, sometimes known as the Vlach languages, are a group of Romance languages that developed in Southeastern Europe from the local eastern variant of Vulgar Latin. Vlachs is a blanket term covering several modern Latin peoples descending from the Latinised population in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe The Romance languages (sometimes referred to as Romanic languages, or Neolatin languages) are a branch of the Indo-European language family comprising all Vulgar Latin (in Latin sermo vulgaris, "folk speech" is a Blanket term covering the popular Dialects and Sociolects of the Latin

History

Several hundred years after the Roman Empire's dominance of the region, the local form of Vulgar Latin developed into Proto-Romanian, a language which had most of the features of modern Romanian. Vulgar Latin (in Latin sermo vulgaris, "folk speech" is a Blanket term covering the popular Dialects and Sociolects of the Latin Proto-Romanian (also known as "Common Romanian" româna comună or "Ancient Romanian" străromâna) is a hypothetical Language considered Due to foreign invasions (see Romania in the Dark Ages) and the migration of Vlach shepherds (see Vlachs in Wallachia), around 800CE and 1200CE Proto-Romanian split into four separate languages: Daco-Romanian (today's Romanian), Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian and Istro-Romanian. The Early Middle Ages in Romania (also known the Dark Ages) lasted from about the 5th century to the 10th century, between the Hunnic Vlachs is a blanket term covering several modern Latin peoples descending from the Latinised population in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe See also Origin of Romanians Daco-Romanian continuity Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance Aromanian ( limba armãneascã, armãneshce or armãneashti) also known as Macedo-Romanian, Arumanian or Vlach in most Megleno-Romanian (known as Vlăheşte by speakers and Moglenitic, Meglenitic or Megleno-Romanian by linguists is a Romance language Istro-Romanian is an Eastern Romance language, or a Dialect of the Romanian language. While under Soviet rule, Eastern Moldavia came to be known as an independent nation, Moldova, see also Moldovan. Moldavia (Moldova is a geographic and historical region and former Principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between Eastern Carpathians Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova ( Republica Moldova) is a Landlocked country in Eastern Europe, located between Romania

Common features

Main article: Proto-Romanian

This group was one of the earliest to be isolated. Vulgar Latin (in Latin sermo vulgaris, "folk speech" is a Blanket term covering the popular Dialects and Sociolects of the Latin The Eastern Romance languages developed from the Proto-Romanian language which in turn developed from the Vulgar Latin spoken in a region of the Balkans See also Origin of Romanians Daco-Romanian continuity Romanian or Daco-Romanian ( dated: Rumanian or Roumanian; self designation limba română, ˈlimba roˈmɨnə is a Romance History and politics Status Serbian statistics list Vlach and Romanian languages separately depending of what people declared in census Romanian (technically called Daco-Romanian) shares practically the same Grammar and most of the vocabulary and phonological processes with the other three surviving This article on Romanian nouns is related to the Romanian grammar and belongs to a series of articles on the Romanian language. This article on Romanian verbs is related to the Romanian grammar and belongs to a series of articles on the Romanian language. The Romanian numbers are the system of Number names used in Romanian to express counts quantities ranks in ordered sets fractions multiplication and other information This article discusses the Phonology of the Romanian language. The lexis of the Romanian language (or Daco-Romanian) a Romance language, has changed over the centuries as the language evolved The Romanian Academy ( Romanian: Academia Română) is a cultural forum founded in Romania in 1866. The Academy of Sciences of Moldova ( Romanian Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei) established in 1946 is the main scientific organization of the Republic of Moldova Aromanian ( limba armãneascã, armãneshce or armãneashti) also known as Macedo-Romanian, Arumanian or Vlach in most Megleno-Romanian (known as Vlăheşte by speakers and Moglenitic, Meglenitic or Megleno-Romanian by linguists is a Romance language Istro-Romanian is an Eastern Romance language, or a Dialect of the Romanian language. The Grammar of the Istro-Romanian language shares similar grammar with other Eastern Romance languages. Proto-Romanian (also known as "Common Romanian" româna comună or "Ancient Romanian" străromâna) is a hypothetical Language considered As such, they contain a few words which were replaced with Germanic borrowings in Western Romance languages, for example, the word for white is derived from Latin "albus" instead of Germanic "blank".

They also share a few sound changes with the western Romance languages: some with Italian, such as [kl] > [kj] (Lat. clarus > Rom. chiar, Ital. chiaro) and also a few with Dalmatian, such as [gn] > [mn] (Lat. Dalmatian is an extinct Romance language formerly spoken in the Dalmatia region of Croatia, and as far south as Kotor in Montenegro cognatus > Rom. cumnat, Dalm. comnut). However, most of them are original, see: Latin to Romanian sound changes. This article presents the Sound changes that happened from Latin to Romanian.

The languages that are part of this group have some features that differentiate them from the other Romance languages, notable being the grammatical features shared within the Balkan linguistic union as well as some semantic peculiarities, such as lume ("world") being derived from Latin lumen ("light"), inimă ("heart") being derived from Latin anima ("soul"), etc. The Balkan Sprachbund or linguistic area is the ensemble of Areal features —similarity in grammar syntax vocabulary and phonology—among languages of

They also contain a Paleo-Balkanic substrate of a few hundreds of words, shared with Albanian (considered to be of Dacian origin) and 70 early Slavic borrowings, but the Hungarian language words are found only in Romanian and Istro-Romanian. The Eastern Romance languages developed from the Proto-Romanian language which in turn developed from the Vulgar Latin spoken in a region of the Balkans Albanian (sq ''Gjuha shqipe'' ˈɟuha ˈʃcipɛ is an Indo-European language spoken by nearly 6 million peoplewhile others claim that it derives from Daco -

Languages

• Romanian (known officially as Moldovan in the Republic of Moldova)
• Aromanian
• Megleno-Romanian
• Istro-Romanian

See also

• Romanian substratum words
• List of Romance languages