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Easter Triduum, Holy Triduum, or Paschal Triduum is a term used by some Christian churches, particularly the Roman Catholic Church, the Lutheran Church, and many Anglicans, to denote, collectively, the three days from the evening of Holy Thursday (or Maundy Thursday) to the evening of Easter Sunday. The liturgical year, also known as the Christian year, consists of the cycle of liturgical seasons in Christian churches which determines when Advent (from the Latin word la ''adventus'' meaning "coming" is a season of the Christian church, the period of expectant waiting and preparation for the Christmastide (also Christmas or the Christmas season) is one of the seasons of the Liturgical year of most Christian churches Epiphany ( Greek for "to manifest" or "to show" is a Christian Feast day which celebrates the "shining forth" or revelation of Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter. Eastertide, or the Easter Season, or Paschal Time, is the period of fifty days from Easter Sunday to Pentecost Sunday The general and most common understanding of the Christian Doctrine of Ascension holds that Jesus bodily ascended to Heaven in the presence Pentecost (πεντηκοστή, pentekostē, "the fiftieth day" is one of the prominent feasts in the Christian Liturgical year, celebrated the Ordinary Time is a season of the Christian (especially the Catholic) Liturgical calendar In the Christian Liturgical calendar, there are several different feasts known as Feasts of the Cross, all of which commemorate the cross used in the The Nativity Fast, is a period abstinence and penance practiced by the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches, in preparation For depictions in painting and sculpture see Nativity of Jesus in art. Epiphany ( Greek for "to manifest" or "to show" is a Christian Feast day which celebrates the "shining forth" or revelation of Great Lent, or the Great Fast, is the most important Fasting season in the Church year in Eastern Christianity, which prepares Christians Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. Pentecost (πεντηκοστή, pentekostē, "the fiftieth day" is one of the prominent feasts in the Christian Liturgical year, celebrated the The feast of the Resurrection of Jesus, called Pascha (Easter is the greatest of the feasts of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Transfiguration of Jesus is an event reported by the Synoptic Gospels in which Jesus is transfigured upon a mountain (,) The Dormition of the Theotokos ( Greek: Koimesis) is a Great Feast of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs In the Christian Liturgical calendar, Maundy Thursday (also known as Holy Thursday) is the feast or holy day falling on the Thursday before Easter Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. The Triduum begins with the evening Mass of the Lord's Supper (or, where this is not celebrated, Vespers of Holy Thursday) and ends after Vespers at sunset on Easter Day. Vespers is the evening Prayer service in the Roman Catholic, Eastern (Byzantine Catholic, and Eastern Orthodox, liturgies of the
The term was used at the Second Vatican Council, when the revised liturgical calendar set the final part of Holy Week apart from Lent proper. The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, or Vatican II, was the twentieth century Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. The liturgical year, also known as the Christian year, consists of the cycle of liturgical seasons in Christian churches which determines when Holy Week ( Latin: Hebdomada Sancta or Maior Hebdomada, "Greater Week" in Christianity is the last week before Easter. Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter. Previously, these three days had already gained distinction from the rest of Holy Week with an observance of silence, which were also known as "the still days. " [1] During Mass, music was not to be played and all church bells were silenced. People were also encouraged to observe silence in their homes during this time.
Prior to the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, weddings were prohibited throughout the entire season of Lent and during certain other periods as well. A wedding is the Ceremony in which two people are united in Marriage. [2] Today, such celebrations are prohibited only during the Triduum and a few other solemnities. Lutherans still discourage weddings during the entirety of Holy Week and Triduum.
The tradition of silence and lack of music is continued in Vatican II practice.
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Maundy/Holy Thursday
- An evening worship service or the Mass of the Lord's Supper is celebrated. In the Christian Gospels the Last Supper (also called the Lord's Supper or Mystical Supper) was the last meal Jesus shared with his During the Gloria, all church bells are rung; afterwards, they are silenced until the Gloria of the Easter Vigil. In place of bells, wooden clappers are used for the liturgy.
- Some churches that celebrate this day as Maundy Thursday engage in the ritual of ceremonial foot washing. Foot washing or washing of feet is a religious Rite observed as an ordinance by several Christian denominations.
- The Mass concludes with a procession of the Blessed Sacrament to the altar of repose.
- Eucharistic Adoration is common after the Holy Thursday Mass and continuing until midnight (occasionally re-commenced at dawn of Good Friday, continuing until the morning liturgy).
- Colours seen throughout the chapel or on vestments: White
- The sanctuary candle or paschal candle is extinguished or darkened, and not relit until the Easter Vigil. A sanctuary lamp, altar lamp, or eternal flame is a light that shines before the altar of sanctuaries in many denominations of Jewish and Christian This article describes the Paschal candle of the Western Churches
Good Friday
- On this day, Christians ritually recall the Passion and crucifixion of Jesus. This article describes the Christian Passion For other meanings see Passion.
- In the Roman, Lutheran, and High Anglican rites, a cross or crucifix (not necessarily the one which stands on or near the altar on other days of the year) is ceremoniously unveiled. [3] (In pre-Vatican II services, other crucifixes were to be unveiled, without ceremony, after the Good Friday service. )
- In Roman Catholicism, the clergy traditionally begin the service prostrate in front of the altar. Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given Religion. Prostration is the placement of the body in a Reverentially or Submissively Prone position Mass is not celebrated on Good Friday and the communion distributed at the Celebration of the Lord's Passion is consecrated on Holy Thursday.
- Also in Roman Catholicism, images of saints are either kept or veiled until the Easter Vigil. Votive lights before these images are not lit. Crucifixes that are movable are hidden, while those that are not movable are veiled until the Easter Vigil.
- Only one cross or crucifix per church is unveiled throughout the entire Good Friday service, for the purpose of veneration by the congregation. Regardless of the size of the church or the congregation, it is not permissible to use two crucifixes for the said veneration.
- Colors seen throughout the chapel or on vestments: Vary
- No color, red, or black are used in different traditions.
- The Roman Catholic Church traditionally uses a combination red and black banner to signify the tearing of the large sanctuary veil in the temple of Jerusalem at the time of Jesus's death. A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the
- Where colored hangings are removed for this day, liturgical color applies to vestments only.
- The priest wears a red vest to symbolise Jesus's blood.
Holy Saturday
- A commemoration of the day that Jesus lay in his tomb.
- In the Roman Catholic Church, daytime Masses are never offered.
- There are no colors seen or used throughout the chapel or on vestments.
- Known as Black Saturday in the Philippines. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP
Easter Vigil
- Held after nightfall of Holy Saturday, or before dawn on Easter Day, in anticipation of the celebration of the resurrection of Jesus. This article concerns itself with Jesus Christ Christian, Islamic and other religious interpretations of resurrection in general Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE)
- The ceremony of darkness and light is held in silence before the Mass.
- The paschal candle, representing Jesus's resurrection as the "return of light onto the world," is lit.
- In the dark church, the Exultet is intoned. The Exultet (also known as the Exsultet or sometimes the Easter Proclamation) is the traditional Western Rite hymn of praise intoned by the Deacon
- The solemn procession to the altar with the Paschal candle is formed.
- The lights of the church are put on, and the Mass begins.
- The Paschal candle is used to bless the baptismal font to be used by the Elect. In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted The Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (often abbreviated RCIA) is the process through which interested adults are gradually introduced to the Roman Catholic
- In pre- and post-Vatican II Roman Catholic practice, during the Gloria at the Mass, the organ and church bells are used in the liturgy for the first time in two days. " Gloria in excelsis Deo " ( Latin for "Glory to God in the highest" is the title and beginning of a hymn known also as the Greater Doxology [4]
- The celebrant uses the term "Alleluia" for the first time since the beginning of Lent. The Alleluia is chanted before the Gospel lesson in the Eucharistic Liturgies of the various Christian liturgical rites.
- People desiring to full initiation in the Church who have completed their training are formally initiated as members of the faith the Church through the Sacraments of Initiation (Baptism, confirmation, and the Holy Eucharist). The Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (often abbreviated RCIA) is the process through which interested adults are gradually introduced to the Roman Catholic In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted Confirmation is a Rite of initiation in many Christian Churches normally in the form of Laying on of hands and/or Anointing for The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those
- In current Vatican II practice, the use of lighting to signify the emergence from sin and the resurrection of Jesus vary, from the use of candles held by parishioners as well as candelabras lit throughout the church. Sin is a term used mainly in a religious context to describe an act that violates a moral Rule, or the state of having committed such a violation Candelabra is the term traditionally referring to a pair (or more of large decorative candlesticks often shaped as a Column or pedestal and having several
- Statues of Jesus, which have been veiled during Passion (usually throughout Lent), are unveiled.
- Colors seen throughout the chapel or on vestments: White, often together with gold, with yellow and white flowers often in use in many parishes.
Easter
- The date of Easter varies from year to year, but is always on a Sunday between the dates of March 22 and April 25. Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year.
- The Easter octave allows for no other feasts to be celebrated or commemorated during it (possible exception is the Greater Litanies if Easter falls later in the year). If Easter is so early that March 25 falls in Easter week, the feast of the Annunciation is postponed to the following week. In Christianity the Annunciation ( grc Ευαγγελισμός της Θεοτόκου, Evangelismós tēs Theotókou in Greek) is the revelation
- Ascension is the fortieth day of Easter; which is always a Thursday. The general and most common understanding of the Christian Doctrine of Ascension holds that Jesus bodily ascended to Heaven in the presence Pentecost (or Whitsun) is the fiftieth day. Pentecost (πεντηκοστή, pentekostē, "the fiftieth day" is one of the prominent feasts in the Christian Liturgical year, celebrated the Whitsun ( Old English for "White Sunday" is the 49th day (seventh Sunday after Easter Sunday.
- Easter Masses are held throughout the day and are similar in content to the Easter Vigil Mass. However, baptisms are not performed, and the ritual of the Paschal candle is not performed (the candle is placed next to the ambo, or podium, throughout the Easter celebration).
- The Easter season extends from the Easter Vigil through Pentecost Sunday on the Catholic and Protestant calendars, normally the fiftieth day after Easter. On the calendar used by traditional Catholics, Eastertide lasts until the end of the Octave of Pentecost, at None of the following Ember Saturday. " Octave " has two senses in Christian liturgical usage None, or the Ninth Hour, is a fixed time of prayer of the Divine Office of almost all the traditional Christian liturgies
- The colors seen throughout the chapel or on vestments during the fifty-day Easter period are white or gold. On Pentecost, the traditional color for banners and vestments is red.
References
- ^ Catholic Encyclopedia Tenebrae - Holy Week Retrieved April 5, 2007
- ^ Catholic Encyclopedia The Civil Law of Banns Retrieved on April 5, 2007
- ^ Catholic City Good Friday Retrieved on April 5, 2007
- ^ Catholic City Tenbrae Retrieved on April 5, 2007
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