| East Sussex | |
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| Geography | |
| Status | Ceremonial & (smaller) Non-metropolitan county |
|---|---|
| Origin | Historic |
| Region | South East England |
| Area - Total - Admin. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one South East England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. council - Admin. area |
Ranked 33th 1,792 km² (692 sq mi) Ranked 30st 1,709 km² (660 sq mi) |
| Admin HQ | Lewes |
| ISO 3166-2 | GB-ESX |
| ONS code | 21 |
| NUTS 3 | UKJ22 |
| Demography | |
| Population - Total (2006 est. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area. See also Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. This is a list of non-metropolitan counties of England by area Lewes (ˈluːɨs Lewis) is the County town of East Sussex, England and gives its name to the Local government district in which it ISO 3166-2GB is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to the United Kingdom. The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating Census and other statistical data The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, ( NUTS) for the French nomenclature d'unités territoriales statistiques, is a Geocode In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology ) - Density - Admin. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume council |
Ranked 28th 757,600 (ceremonial county) 422/km² (1,093/sq mi) Ranked 26th |
| Ethnicity | |
| Politics | |
 East Sussex County Council |
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| Executive | Conservative |
| Members of Parliament | |
| Districts | |
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East Sussex is a county in South East England. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Population. This is a list of non-metropolitan counties of England by population. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Composition Graphical representation of the House of Commons This is a comparison of the party strengths in the British House of Commons Norman John Baker (born 26 July 1957) is a British politician The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the Gregory Leonard George Barker (born March 8, 1966) is a British politician who currently serves as the Conservative Member of Parliament The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Celia Anne Barlow (born 28 September 1955 British Labour Party politician and is the Member of Parliament for Hove. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Michael Jabez Foster (born 26 February 1946) British Politician. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Charles Hendry (born 6 May 1959 Cuckfield) is a British Politician and the Conservative Member of Parliament for Wealden The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. David Lepper (born 15 September 1945 Richmond) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The Co-operative Party is a democratic socialist Political party in the United Kingdom committed to supporting and representing co-operative Dr Desmond Stanley Turner (born 17 July 1939, Southampton) is a Politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Nigel Christopher Waterson (born 12 October 1950, Leeds) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England; it is also the administrative centre for the Borough of the same name See also River Rother for rivers named Rother ---- History Rother District was formed on 1 April 1974, under the History Wealden District was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, by the merger of the Hailsham and Uckfield Rural District Eastbourne ( is a large town and borough of East Sussex, on the south coast of England with an estimated population of 94816 as of 2007 Council and directorates The leader of the council is Conservative Mary Mears See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions The counties of England are territorial divisions of England for the purposes of administrative political and geographical demarcation South East England is one of the nine official Regions of England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It is bordered by the counties of Kent, Surrey and West Sussex, and to the south by the English Channel. KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. Settlements Most settlements in West Sussex are either along the south coast or are situated in the M23 corridor
The ancient kingdom of Sussex has had separate county administrations since the 12th century, with the county town of the eastern division being Lewes [1]. Sussex is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. A county town is the 'capital' of a County in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. Lewes (ˈluːɨs Lewis) is the County town of East Sussex, England and gives its name to the Local government district in which it This situation was formalised by Parliament in 1865, and the two parts were given distinct elected county councils in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888. A County council is the elected administrative body governing an area known as a County. The Local Government Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict c 41 was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1888 and established County councils and County borough
In East Sussex there were three self-administered county boroughs: Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings. County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove. Eastbourne ( is a large town and borough of East Sussex, on the south coast of England with an estimated population of 94816 as of 2007 Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England; it is also the administrative centre for the Borough of the same name In 1974 East Sussex was made a ceremonial county too, and the three county boroughs became districts within the county. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies At the same time the western boundary was altered, so that the Mid Sussex region (including Burgess Hill and Haywards Heath) was transferred to the county of West Sussex. Burgess Hill is a town and Civil parish in the Mid Sussex district of West Sussex, England, close to the border with East Sussex Haywards Heath is a town in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. Settlements Most settlements in West Sussex are either along the south coast or are situated in the M23 corridor
In 1997, the Brighton & Hove district of East Sussex became a self-administered unitary authority and was granted city status in 2000. Council and directorates The leader of the council is Conservative Mary Mears See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions It remains part of the ceremonial county of East Sussex.
Contents |
History
East Sussex is part of the ancient kingdom of the South Saxons, who established themselves there in the 5th century AD, after the departure of the Romans, although the area had been populated for many thousands of years before then. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Archaeological remains are plentiful, especially in the upland areas. The area's position on the coast has also meant that there were many invaders, including the Romans and later the Normans. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Earlier industries have included fishing, iron-making, and the wool trade, all of which declined, so that, in more modern times, Sussex has become popular with tourists, so that the main towns are seaside resorts. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel A seaside resort is a Resort located on the Coast. Where a Beach is the primary focus for Tourists it may be called a beach resort
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- see the main article History of Sussex
Economy
This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of the non-metropolitan county of East Sussex (Brighton & Hove has a separate table) at current basic prices published (pp. Prehistoric Sussex Archaeological collections contain a neanderthal handaxe found at Hamsey near Lewes dated to perhaps 80000 years ago A non-metropolitan county or shire county in England, is a county-level entity which is not a Metropolitan county. Council and directorates The leader of the council is Conservative Mary Mears 240-253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.
| Year | Regional Gross Value Added[2] | Agriculture[3] | Industry[4] | Services[5] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 4,359 | 84 | 1,053 | 3,222 |
| 2000 | 4,953 | 54 | 1,155 | 3,744 |
| 2003 | 5,326 | 69 | 1,252 | 4,004 |
Education
East Sussex has a comprehensive education system with 27 state schools (not including sixth form colleges) and 12 independent schools. The Wealden district has the largest school population, and most schools in the Rother, Eastbourne and Lewes districts do not have sixth forms, but the schools in the other two districts all have sixth forms (except a school in the Wealden district on the outskirts of Eastbourne).
Geography
Geology
From a geological point of view East Sussex is part of southern anticline of the Weald: the South Downs, a range of moderate chalk hills which run across the southern part of the county from west to east and mirrored in Kent by the North Downs. In Structural geology, an anticline is a fold that is convex up and has its oldest beds at its core The Weald (wɪəld is the name given to a physiographic area in south-east England situated between the parallel Chalk Escarpments of the North The South Downs is one of the four areas of Chalk Downland in southern England. Chalk (ʧɔːk is a soft white porous Sedimentary rock, a form of Limestone composed of the Mineral Calcite. KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format The North Downs are a ridge of Chalk hills in south east England that stretch for 120 miles (190 km from Farnham in Surrey to the White To the north lie parallel valleys and ridges, the highest of which is the Weald itself (the Hastings beds and Wealden Clay). The sandstones and clays come the sea at Hastings; the Downs at Beachy Head. Beachy Head is a Chalk headland on the south coast of England, close to the town of Eastbourne in the county of East Sussex,
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- see the map at Geology of the British Isles
Relief and drainage
The relief of the county reflects the geology. The Geology of Great Britain is hugely varied and complex and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the islands
The coast
From west to east along the coast between Brighton and Eastbourne are the gradually rising chalk uplands, with breaks at Newhaven where the River Ouse enters the sea; and likewise at Cuckmere Haven. Newhaven is a town in the Lewes District of East Sussex in England. The River Ouse is a River in the County of West and East Sussex in England. Cuckmere Haven (also known as the Cuckmere Estuary) is an area of Flood plains in Sussex, England where the River Cuckmere meets the The cliffs beyond here are named the Seven Sisters, Sussex, and are the remnants of dry valleys cut into the chalk; they end at Beachy Head, 530 feet (162 m) above sea level. The Seven Sisters are a series of Chalk cliffs by the English Channel. Beachy Head is a Chalk headland on the south coast of England, close to the town of Eastbourne in the county of East Sussex, To the east of Beachy Head lie the marshlands of the Pevensey Levels, formerly flooded by the sea but now enclosed within deposited beach. Pevensey is a Village and Civil parish in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England. At Bexhill the land begins to rise again where the sands and clays of the Weald meet the sea; these culminate in the sandstone cliffs east of Hastings. Bexhill-on-Sea (often simply Bexhill) is a town and Seaside resort in the county of East Sussex, in the south of England, within the Further east are the Pett Levels, more marshland; this followed by the estuary of the River Rother. Pett is a village and Civil parish in the Rother District of East Sussex, England. There is also a River Rother in West Sussex The River Rother (originally named “ Limen ” at 35 miles (56km is a On the far side of the river is Camber Sands. For historical information on the area see Camber article Camber Sands is a seaside resort at Camber (near Rye) East Sussex
Inland
The southern part of the county is dominated by the South Downs; its highest point is Firle Beacon, 712 feet (217 m) above sea level. For the suburb of Adelaide, South Australia, see Firle South Australia. The northern part is dominated by the High Weald. The Weald (wɪəld is the name given to a physiographic area in south-east England situated between the parallel Chalk Escarpments of the North Between the Downs and Weald is a narrow stretch of lower lying land, before the southern slopes of the Weald, through which the rivers mentioned above flow. The highest point in the county is Ditchling Beacon, at 814 feet (248 m). Ditchling Beacon is the third-highest point on the South Downs in south-east England, behind Butser Hill (270 m 886 ft and Crown Tegleaze (253 m It is also a Marilyn. A Marilyn is a type of Mountain or Hill in Great Britain, Ireland or surrounding islands with a relative height of at least 150 metres
Settlements
Towns
Apart from Lewes, the county's administrative centre, the principal towns in East Sussex are concentrated along the coastal strip. Lewes (ˈluːɨs Lewis) is the County town of East Sussex, England and gives its name to the Local government district in which it From west to east they are:
Larger towns and villages include:
Villages
- For a complete list of the dozens of villages in East Sussex see here. Council and directorates The leader of the council is Conservative Mary Mears Peacehaven is a town and Civil parish in the Lewes district of East Sussex, England. Eastbourne ( is a large town and borough of East Sussex, on the south coast of England with an estimated population of 94816 as of 2007 Bexhill-on-Sea (often simply Bexhill) is a town and Seaside resort in the county of East Sussex, in the south of England, within the Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England; it is also the administrative centre for the Borough of the same name The small town of Rye, in East Sussex, England, stands at the confluence of two rivers although in medieval times as an important member of the Cinque Ports Uckfield is a Town in the Wealden district of East Sussex, in southern England. Crowborough is a town in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England. Hailsham is one of four main Towns in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England. Heathfield is a small market town and the principal settlement in the Civil parish of Heathfield and Waldron in the Wealden District of East Battle is a small town in the Local government district of Rother in East Sussex, England, about 5 miles (8 km from Hastings
- Website containing details (including historical) of 240 villages in East Sussex
Communications
Roads
The main roads through the county are those part of the radial pattern from London, including the A21 to Hastings; and the A22 to Eastbourne and The A23. The A21 is a major Trunk road in Southern England connecting London with Hastings, East Sussex. The A22 is one of the two-digit major Roads in the south east of England. The A23 road, in its original form was a major road in the United Kingdom running between London and Brighton, East Sussex. The A26 takes cross country traffic across the county . The A26 road is one of the three cross-country two-digit numbered roads in the southeast of England, the others being the A25 road and A27 road. There are two coastal routes: the older A259, and the A27 trunk road which begins east of Eastbourne and takes traffic away from the towns. The A259 is a major Road in England, running along the south coast with part of the A259 running almost parallel to the A27 road. The A27 is a major Road in England. It runs from its junction with the A36 at Whiteparish (near Salisbury) in the county of All the main roads, similar to West Sussex, suffer from congestion and traffic problems. The A27 is voted as one of the most Busy trunk roads in the UK.
Railways
The railways serve the main towns in a similar fashion to the roads. Until the closures of many branch railways in the 20th century, East Sussex was well-served by rail. The services today include the East Coastway Line; the London-Hastings line; and the Uckfield branch. East Coastway is the name used by the train operating company, Southern (formerly South Central Trains) for the routes it operates along the south coast The Kent and East Sussex Railway heritage railway operates from Tenterden in Kent to Bodiam. Historical Company Opening And Growth The Kent & East Sussex Railway was one of the light railways operated by Colonel H Tenterden is a small Town in the Ashford District of Kent, England. Bodiam is a small village and Civil parish in East Sussex, England in the valley of the River Rother near to the Sussex villages of The Bluebell Railway steam heritage railway operates from Sheffield Park to Kingscote with a planned extension to East Grinstead. The Bluebell Railway is a heritage line running for nine miles along the border between East Sussex and West Sussex, England. A heritage railway ( United Kingdom) preserved railway ( United Kingdom) or tourist railroad ( United States and Canada) is a East Grinstead (archaically spelt Grimstead) is a town and Civil parish in the northeastern corner of Mid Sussex, West Sussex in England
Local government
East Sussex is divided into five local government districts, as follows:
The three latter districts are further subdivided into civil parishes: see List of civil parishes in East Sussex for details. Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially ' shire districts', are a type of local government district in England. Eastbourne ( is a large town and borough of East Sussex, on the south coast of England with an estimated population of 94816 as of 2007 Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England; it is also the administrative centre for the Borough of the same name See also River Rother for rivers named Rother ---- History Rother District was formed on 1 April 1974, under the History Wealden District was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, by the merger of the Hailsham and Uckfield Rural District A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. This is a list of Civil parishes in East Sussex, England. Although now largely unconnected with the ancient ecclesiastical Parish, many of them
Places of interest
- Ashdown Forest
- Bateman's
- Battle Abbey
- Beachy Head
- Bodiam Castle
- Brighton: Royal Pavilion
- Ditchling Common
- Heritage railways: Bluebell Railway, Lavender Line Steam Railway, Kent & East Sussex Railway
- Herstmonceux
- Lewes Castle
- South Downs Way, a long distance footpath
- University of Sussex
- Eastbourne Redoubt - Home of the Royal Sussex Regimental Museum
See also
- The County of Sussex Website
- The Sussex Police Website
- History of Sussex
- List of bus routes in East Sussex
- Sussex coast
- Recreational walks in East Sussex
- Royal Sussex Regiment
- ESCIS
External links
- East Sussex County Council
- Eastbourne Redoubt Fortress Military Museum Eastbourne Redoubt is the home of the Royal Sussex Regimental Museum
- The Royal Sussex Regimental Association [2]
- Bluebell Railway Preservation Society
- Eastbourne Victorian Festival [3]
- East Sussex travel guide from Wikitravel
References
- ^ Census 2001 profile http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/profiles/21-A.asp
- ^ Components may not sum to totals due to rounding
- ^ includes hunting and forestry
- ^ includes energy and construction
- ^ includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured
Dictionary
East Sussex
-proper noun
- A county in south east England bordered by Kent, Surrey, West Sussex and the English Channel.
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