EBOO or Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation is a unique hemofiltration-like procedure developed and now used routinely in the medical department at the University of Siena, and also in hospitals and clinics in Malaysia and Japan, where it is known as RHP or recirculatory hemoperfusion. An extracorporeal medical procedure is a Medical procedure which is carried outside the body In Medicine, hemofiltration, also haemofiltration, is a Renal replacement therapy similar to Hemodialysis which is used almost exclusively in The University of Siena ( Italian: Università degli Studi di Siena, abbreviation UNISI in Siena, Tuscany is one of the oldest and first For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. [1]
EBOO combines modern membrane dialysis used to treat heart, kidney and liver failure with (or without) ozone therapy, historically a popular alternative therapy in mainland Europe, the evidence base for which had long been questioned by western medicine. In Medicine, dialysis (from Greek "dialusis" meaning dissolution "dia" meaning through and "lusis" meaning loosening is primarily Heart failure is a Cardiac condition that occurs when a problem with the structure or function of the Heart impairs its ability to supply Renal failure or kidney Liver failure is the inability of the Liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic function as part of normal physiology Some people including a number of doctors and Biochemists, believe Ozone has remarkable healing properties [2]. Extensive testing of EBOO has revealed no toxicity or side effects in sheep or human volunteers. [3][4] EBOO is designed to amplify the therapeutic benefits reported of Autohemotherapy (O3-AHT) by treating a greater volume of blood (4 litres/hr) at a lower ozone concentration (<20 μg/ml). [5]
A clinical trial of EBOO showed it to be more effective in the treatment of peripheral artery disease than prostacyclin. In health care clinical trials are conducted to allow safety and Efficacy data to be collected for new drugs or devices Peripheral vascular disease (PVD also known as peripheral artery disease (PAD or peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD is a collator for all Diseases Prostacyclin (or PGI2) is a member of the family of Lipid Molecules known as Eicosanoids. [6]. Further trials are currently underway for heart disease and stroke patients for which preliminary reports of ozone treatment have been positive. Heart disease is an Umbrella term for a variety for different diseases affecting the Heart. A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain [7][8][9][10][11]
Clinical trials of Celacade, another blood ozonation treatment, have reported similar benefits in chronic heart failure. Celacade is a non-pharmacological treatment also known as Immune Modulation Therapy (IMT developed by the Canadian based biotherapeutics company Vasogen for treatment of Heart failure is a Cardiac condition that occurs when a problem with the structure or function of the Heart impairs its ability to supply
EBOO is also reported to have remedied necrotizing fasciitis, an often fatal bacterial infection resistant to antibiotics. Necrotizing fasciitis (NF or fasciitis necroticans, commonly known as "flesh-eating disease" or "flesh-eating bacteria" is a rare Infection In modern usage an antibiotic is a Chemotherapeutic agent with activity against Microorganisms such as Bacteria, fungi or Protozoa [12] Ozone's anti-bacterial and viral properties have been employed successfully in water purification. The International Society of Blood Purification has recognized EBOO as warranting clinical investigation as a viral load reducing treatment. Viral load is a measure of the severity of a viral infection and can be calculated by estimating the amount of virus in an involved body fluid [13]. Ozone has been shown to disinfect extracorporeal blood of viruses. A virus (from the Latin virus meaning Toxin or Poison) is a sub-microscopic infectious agent that is unable [14] [15][16][17]
Oxygenators designed for heart surgery and kidney dialysis are not suitable for EBOO. Due to the oxidative nature of ozone, the filter components and membranes will block up and inhibit the effective exchange of gas, possibly releasing toxic compounds into the circulating blood. [18] An economical ozone resistant gas exchange device (L001) has been specifically designed for the ozonation of human blood during extra-corporeal circulation. [19]
See also
References
- ^ Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation: Clinical and Biological Implications of Ozone Therapy. In Intensive care medicine, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO is an Extracorporeal technique of providing both cardiac and respiratory support Oxygen Redox Report 2005.
- ^ Effect of Ozone on Red Blood Cell Enzymes and Intermediates. Acta Haematologica 2000.
- ^ Ozonation of blood during extracorporeal circulation. I. Rationale, methodology and preliminary studies.. Artificial Organs 1999.
- ^ Ozone Therapy Editorial Review. International Journal of Artificial Organs 2004.
- ^ Extracorporeal blood oxygenation and ozonation (EBOO) in man. preliminary report.. Artificial Organs 2000. .
- ^ Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation (EBOO): A Controlled Trial in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. International Journal of Artificial Organs 2005.
- ^ Kraft et al, Influence of Autohemotherapy with Ozone on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Mild Hypertension. American Journal of Hypertension 8: 133a, 1995.
- ^ Decrease of Blood Cholesterol and Stimulation Antioxidative Response in Cardiopathy Patients Treated with Endovenous Ozone Therapy.. Free Radicial Biological Medicine 1995.
- ^ Ozone Therapy On Cerabral Blood Flow; A Preliminary Report. Oxford University, Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2004. .
- ^ Studies on the Biological Effects of Ozone: 11. Release of Factors from Human Endothelial Cells. Mediators Inflammation 2000.
- ^ Effects of Ozone Oxidative Preconditioning on Nitric Oxide Generation and Cellular Redox Balance, In a Rat Model of Hepatic Ischaemia–Reperfusion. Liver International 2004.
- ^ Necrotizing Fasciitis Successfully Treated with Extracorporeal Blood Oxygenation and Ozonation (EBOO).. International Journal of Artificial Organs 2002. .
- ^ 18th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Blood Purification. Blood Purification 2001; 19:73-106.
- ^ Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Ozone In Vitro.. Blood 1991.
- ^ Ozone inactivates HIV at noncytotoxic concentrations. Antiviral Research 1991.
- ^ Are Worry Free Blood Transfusions just a whiff of ozone away?. Canadian Journal of Medicine 1993. .
- ^ Yamamoto et al, The Effects of Ozone on Treatment of 4 Patients Suffering from Hepatitis C. Bulletin of Japan Research for the Medical Use of Ozone 1996; 3: 1-2
- ^ Ozonation of blood during extracorporeal circulation. II. Comparative analysis of several oxygenator-ozonators and selection of one type.. Artificial Organs 2001.
- ^ Oxygenation-ozonation of blood during extracorporeal circulation: in vitro efficiency of a new gas exchange device. Artificial Organs 2007.
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