Edward Hull "Boss" Crump (October 2, 1874 – October 16, 1954) was a Memphis, Tennessee insurance broker, businessman, and political figure in the early 20th century. Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1874 ( MDCCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Memphis is a City in the southwest corner of Tennessee, and the County seat of Shelby County. Insurance, in Law and Economics, is a form of Risk management primarily used to hedge against the Risk of a contingent loss Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions The twentieth century of the Common Era began on
A native of Holly Springs, Mississippi, Crump moved to Memphis in 1892 and became a successful businessman, and began to make the political connections that would serve him for the rest of his life. Holly Springs homejpg||right|250px|thumbnail|Montrose a Holly Springs home Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year He was a delegate to the Tennessee Democratic State Convention in 1902 and 1904. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on In 1905 he was named to the municipal Board of Public Works, and Commissioner of Fire and Police in 1907. Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1907 ( MCMVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
Starting in the 1910s Crump began to build a political machine which came to have statewide influence. The 1910s decade ran from January 1 1910 through December 31 1919 A political machine is an unofficial system of a political organization based on Patronage, the Spoils system, "behind-the-scenes" control and longstanding He was particularly adept in his use of what were at the time essentially two political minority groups in Tennessee, blacks and Republicans. Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Unlike most Southern Democrats of his era, Crump was not opposed to blacks voting. The Southern United States &mdashcommonly referred to as the American South, Dixie, or simply the South &mdashconstitutes a large distinctive Blacks were reliable Crump machine voters for the most part and the two developed a symbiotic relationship in which blacks aided the machine and the machine aided them. This article is about the biological phenomenon for other uses see Symbiosis (disambiguation The term symbiosis (from the Greek Crump also skillfully manipulated Republicans, who were numerically very weak in the western two-thirds of the state but dominated politics in East Tennessee. East Tennessee is a name given to approximately the eastern third of the state of Tennessee, one of Frequently they found it necessary to ally themselves with Crump in order to accomplish any of their goals, and they often did.
Crump was very influential for nearly half a century. He preferred to work for the most part behind the scenes, serving only three terms of two years each as mayor of Memphis (1910–1916) at the beginning of his career, but essentially naming the next several mayors. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year His rise to prominence disturbed many of the state political leaders in Nashville; the "Ouster Law", designed to remove officials who refused to enforce state laws, was passed primarily with Crump and his lax enforcement of state Prohibition in mind. Prohibition of alcohol, often referred to simply as prohibition, also known as Noble Experiment, refers to a Sumptuary law which prohibits Alcohol He was county treasurer of Shelby County from 1917 to 1923. Shelby County is a County located in the US state of Tennessee. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention a total of seven times. The Democratic National Convention is a series of presidential nominating conventions held every four years since 1832 by the United States Democratic Party.
After several years of working behind the scenes, Crump decided to run for Congress in 1930. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was easily elected to the former Tenth District, which was co-extensive with Shelby County. He served two terms, March 4, 1931–January 3, 1935. Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. (During his service the Twentieth Amendment was ratified, redefining the starting dates of Congressional and Presidential terms. The Twentieth Amendment ( Amendment XX) of the United States Constitution establishes some of the details dealing with the beginning and ending of the terms of The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by ) During this time he was also a regent of the Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian Institution (smɪθsoʊnɪən is an educational and research institute and associated Museum complex administered and funded by the Government of He remained hugely influential in Memphis as well, staying in constant communication with his operatives there and visiting during all Congressional recesses.
In 1936 he was named to the Democratic National Committee, serving on that body until 1945. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Democratic National Committee (DNC is the principal organization governing the United States Democratic Party on a day to day basis Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar In 1939 he was elected to a final term as mayor. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
His statewide influence began to wane in the late 1940s, when two of his opponents were elected to office in 1948, Gordon Browning, a onetime protege who had broken with him returning to become governor again, and Estes Kefauver being elected to the United States Senate. The 1940s decade ran from 1940 to 1949 Events and trends The 1940s was a period between the radical 1930s and the conservative 1950s which also leads the period to be Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Gordon Weaver Browning ( November 22, 1895 &ndash May 23, 1976) was an American Politician who represented Tennessee A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Carey Estes Kefauver ( July 26, 1903 – August 10, 1963) was an American Politician from Tennessee who The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives For the remainder of his life, the bulk of his influence was limited to Memphis. The defeat of his longtime associate Kenneth McKellar by Albert Gore, Sr. for United States Senate in 1952 marked another turning point, and the days of his massive influence over Tennessee politics were almost over, his death coming less than two years later. Kenneth Douglas McKellar ( January 29, 1869 &ndash October 25, 1957) was an American Politician from Tennessee Albert Arnold "Al" Gore Sr ( December 26 1907 – December 5 1998) was an American Politician, serving The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. However, a final triumph was the victory of his chosen candidate, Frank G. Clement, over Browning for governor in the same election. Frank Goad Clement ( June 2, 1920 &ndash November 4, 1969) served as governor of Tennessee from 1953 to 1959 and again from Crump was interred at Memphis' Elmwood Cemetery. Elmwood Cemetery is the oldest active Cemetery in Memphis Tennessee.
Crump's marks on Memphis can be seen even today. Crump was a strong supporter of fire service and for many years the Memphis Fire Department was considered one of the very best in the country, and is still quite well-regarded. He felt separate operations for each municipal utility were inherently inefficient; today the Memphis Division of Light, Gas, & Water is one of the largest combined municipal utilities in the United States. In Economics, utility is a measure of the relative satisfaction from or desirability of Consumption of various Goods and services. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the He believed that cities should not be unnecessarily noisy; Memphis has strong noise ordinances that are more aggressively enforced than those of many other jurisidictions. He was one of the early supporters of automobile safety inspections; all Memphis-registered vehicles are inspected annually (twice a year until the 1990s). The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 The city's Crump Stadium and Crump Boulevard are named after him as well. Crump Stadium in Memphis Tennessee, was a WPA project built in 1934 with a capacity of 7500 Although many of these projects and innovations are said to have benefited Crump personally in one way or another, it is inarguable that they have benefited the city of Memphis greatly as well.
| Preceded by James H. Malone |
Mayor of Memphis, Tennessee 1910–1915 |
Succeeded by George C. This is a list of Mayors of Memphis, Tennessee. Mayor TermMarcus B Love |
| Preceded by Hubert Fisher |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee's 10th congressional district 1931–1933 |
District eliminated after 1930 Census |
| Preceded by Jere Cooper |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Tennessee's 9th congressional district 1933–1935 |
Succeeded by Walter Chandler |
| Preceded by S. Hubert Frederick Fisher was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 10th congressional district of These are tables of congressional delegations from Tennessee to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. There are currently nine United States Congressional districts in Tennessee based on results from the United States 2000 Census. Jere Cooper ( July 20, 1893 &ndash December 18, 1957) was a Democratic United States Representative from Tennessee These are tables of congressional delegations from Tennessee to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. The 9th Congressional District of Tennessee is a Congressional district in southwestern Tennessee. Walter "Clift" Chandler ( October 5, 1887 — October 1, 1967) was an American politician from Tennessee. Watkins Overton |
Mayor of Memphis, Tennessee 1940 |
Succeeded by Joseph Patrick Boyle |
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