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For other uses, see Dysnomia.
Dysnomia
Eris and Dysnomia: Eris is the main object, Dysnomia the smaller disk just above it. (artist's impression).
Eris and Dysnomia: Eris is the main object, Dysnomia the smaller disk just above it. The object top-left is the Sun (artist's impression).
Discovery
Discovered by M. E. Brown,
M. Education Brown is a Huntsville Alabama native and graduated from Virgil Grissom High School in 1983 A. van Dam,
A. H. Bouchez,
D. Le Mignant[1]
Discovery date September 10, 2005[1]
Designations
MPC designation (136199) Eris I Dysnomia
Alternative names S/2005 (2003 UB313) 1
Semi-major axis 37,370±150 km
Eccentricity <0. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A provisional designation in astronomy is the naming convention applied to Astronomical objects immediately following their discovery In Physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved path of one object around a point or another body for example the gravitational orbit of a planet around a star In Geometry, the semi-major axis (also semimajor axis) is used to describe the dimensions of ellipses and hyperbolae The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand In Astrodynamics, under standard assumptions, any Orbit must be of Conic section shape 013
Orbital period 15. The orbital period is the time taken for a given object to make one complete Orbit about another object 774±0. 002 d
Inclination 142±3°
Satellite of Eris
Physical characteristics
Equatorial radius 175±75 km[3]

Dysnomia (pronounced /dɪsˈnoʊmiə/ dis-NOE-mee-ə, or as Greek Δυσνομία), officially designated (136199) Eris I Dysnomia, is a moon of the dwarf planet Eris. A day (symbol d is a unit of Time equivalent to 24 Hours and the duration of a single Rotation of planet Earth with respect to the Inclination in general is the Angle between a Reference plane and another plane or axis of direction A natural satellite or moon is a Celestial body that Orbits a Planet or smaller body which is called the primary. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand A natural satellite or moon is a Celestial body that Orbits a Planet or smaller body which is called the primary. A dwarf planet, as defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU is a Celestial body Orbiting the Sun that is massive enough to be rounded It was discovered in 2005 by Mike Brown and the laser guide star adaptive optics team at the W. M. Keck Observatory, and carried the provisional designation of S/2005 (2003 UB313) 1 until officially named Dysnomia[4] (from the Greek word Δυσνομία meaning "lawlessness") after the daughter of the Greek goddess Eris. Education Brown is a Huntsville Alabama native and graduated from Virgil Grissom High School in 1983 The W M Keck Observatory is a two-telescope Astronomical observatory at the 4145 meter (13600 ft summit of Mauna Kea in Hawai'i. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Dysnomia (Δυσνομία imagined by Hesiod among the daughters of "abhorred Eris " ("Strife" is the daemon of "lawlessness" Eris ( Greek Ἔρις, "Strife" is the Greek Goddess of strife her name being translated into Latin as Discordia

Contents

Discovery

During 2005, the adaptive optics team at the Keck telescopes in Hawaii carried out observations of the four brightest Kuiper belt objects (Pluto, 2005 FY9, 2003 EL61, and Eris), using the newly commissioned laser guide star adaptive optics system. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Adaptive optics (AO is a Technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of rapidly changing optical distortion The W M Keck Observatory is a two-telescope Astronomical observatory at the 4145 meter (13600 ft summit of Mauna Kea in Hawai'i. The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the The Kuiper belt (ˈkaɪpɚ to rhyme with "viper" sometimes called the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt, is a region of the Solar System beyond the planets extending Laser guide stars are a form of artificial star created for use in Astronomical Adaptive optics imaging Observations taken on 10 September revealed a moon in orbit around Eris, provisionally designated S/2005 (2003 UB313) 1. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. A natural satellite or moon is a Celestial body that Orbits a Planet or smaller body which is called the primary. In keeping with the Xena nickname that was already in use for Eris, the moon was nicknamed "Gabrielle" by its discoverers, after the television warrior princess' sidekick. Xena is the main character in the television series Xena Warrior Princess and a recurring character on the series Hercules The Legendary Journeys Gabrielle is a Fictional character in Xena Warrior Princess, played by Renée O'Connor. [5][6]

Properties

The satellite is about 60 times fainter than Eris, and its diameter is estimated to be less than 150 km. [7] Combining Keck and Hubble observations, the satellite was used to constrain the mass of Eris, and orbital parameters were estimated. Its orbital period is calculated to be 15. 774±0. 002 d. A day (symbol d is a unit of Time equivalent to 24 Hours and the duration of a single Rotation of planet Earth with respect to the [2] These observations indicate that Dysnomia orbits Eris at a distance of 37,370±150 km. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand [2] This suggests that the mass of the system is approximately 1. 27 times that of Pluto. [2]

Formation

Astronomers now know that three of the four brightest Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) have satellites, while among the fainter members of the belt only about 10% are known to have satellites. The Kuiper belt (ˈkaɪpɚ to rhyme with "viper" sometimes called the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt, is a region of the Solar System beyond the planets extending This is believed to imply that collisions between large KBOs have been frequent in the past. Impacts between bodies of the order of 1000 km across would throw off large amounts of material which would coalesce into a moon. A similar mechanism is believed to have led to the formation of Earth's own Moon when the Earth was struck by a giant impactor early in the history of the solar system. EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 The Solar System consists of the Sun and those celestial objects bound to it by Gravity.

Name

Mike Brown, the moon's discoverer, chose the name Dysnomia (Greek Δυσνομία) due to a number of resonances it possessed for him. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Dysnomia, the daughter of Eris, fits the general historically established pattern of naming moons after lesser gods associated with the primary (hence, Jupiter's largest moons are named after lovers or servants of Jupiter, while Saturn's are named after his fellow Titans). Also, the English translation of "Dysnomia", "lawlessness," echoes Lucy Lawless, the actress famous for starring in Xena: Warrior Princess on television. Lucy Lawless (born Lucille Frances Ryan; 29 March 1968 is a New Zealand actress and Singer best known for playing the title character Xena Warrior Princess is an American Television series that aired from September 15 1995 until June 18 2001 Before receiving their official names, Eris and Dysnomia were known informally as "Xena" and "Gabrielle" respectively (Gabrielle being Xena's sidekick), and Brown decided to retain that honour.

Brown also notes that Pluto owes its name in part to its first two letters, which form the initials of Percival Lowell, the founder of the observatory where its discoverer, Clyde Tombaugh, was working, and the person who inspired the search for "Planet X. Percival Lawrence Lowell ( March 13, 1855 – November 12, 1916) was a businessman author mathematician and Astronomer who fueled Clyde William Tombaugh ( February 4, 1906 &ndash January 17, 1997) was an American Astronomer. " James Christy, who discovered Charon, followed the principle established with Pluto by choosing a name which shared its first four letters with his wife's name, Charlene. James Walter Christy (born 1938 is an American Astronomer. Working at the United States Naval Observatory, on June 22 1978 he discovered that Pluto Charon (ˈʃærən; also, as in Χάρων) discovered in 1978 is either the largest Moon of Pluto or the smaller member of a double "Dysnomia", similarly, has the same first letter as Brown's wife, Diane. [8]

In addition, both Eris and Dysnomia, representing conflict, reflect the effect their existence had in the disputation on the definition of a planet, and specifically on Pluto's status as such.

References

  1. ^ a b Michael E. Brown; et al (2006). Education Brown is a Huntsville Alabama native and graduated from Virgil Grissom High School in 1983 "Satellites of the largest Kuiper belt objects" (PDF). Astrophys. J. 639 (L43). arXiv:astro-ph/0510029. The arXiv ( pronounced " Archive " as if the "X" were the Greek letter Chi, χ is an Archive for electronic  
  2. ^ a b c d Brown, M. E. ; Schaller, E. L. (2007). "The Mass of Dwarf Planet Eris". Science 316: 1585.  
  3. ^ Eris' moon — includes section on Dysnomia's size.
  4. ^ IAU Circular 8747 - Official publication of the IAU reporting the naming of Eris and Dysnomia (PDF file)
  5. ^ Deborah Zabarenko. "Planet Xena has moon called Gabrielle", Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2005-10-03. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly abbreviated to the 'ABC' is Australia's national public broadcaster. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Retrieved on 2008-03-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia.  
  6. ^ Richard Ingham. "'Tenth planet' Xena bigger than Pluto", Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2006-02-02. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly abbreviated to the 'ABC' is Australia's national public broadcaster. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Retrieved on 2008-03-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia.  
  7. ^ Dwarf Planet Outweighs Pluto. space. com (2007). Retrieved on 2007-06-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the
  8. ^ Tytell, David. "All Hail Eris and Dysnomia", Sky & Telescope, September 14, 2006. Retrieved on 2006-12-30. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St  
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