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This article is about the medical condition. For the legendary creature, see dwarf. DWARF is a widely used standardized Debugging data format. DWARF was originally designed along with ELF, although it is independent of Object file For insular dwarfism and other uses, see Dwarf (disambiguation). Insular dwarfism is the process and condition of the reduction in size of large animals – almost always Mammals – when their gene pool is limited to a very small environment
Dwarfism
Classification and external resources
ICD-9 253.3, 259.4

Dwarfism refers to a condition in individual plants or animals characterized by extreme small size. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. In older popular and medical usage, any type of marked human smallness could also be termed dwarfism. The term as related to human beings (the major subject of this article) is often used to refer specifically to those forms of extreme shortness characterized by disproportion of body parts, typically due to an inheritable disorder in bone or cartilage development. A genetic disorder is a condition caused by abnormalities in Genes or Chromosomes While some diseases such as Cancer, are due to genetic abnormalities acquired

Forms of extreme shortness in humans characterized by proportional body parts usually have a hormonal or nutritional cause. An example is growth hormone deficiency, once known as "pituitary dwarfism". Growth Hormone Deficiency is the medical condition of inadequate production of Growth hormone (GH and it effects on children and adults

The Little People of America (LPA) defines dwarfism as a medical or genetic condition that usually results in an adult height of 4'10" (147 cm) or shorter. Little People of America ( LPA) is a Non-profit organization which provides support and information to those with Dwarfism and their families [1]

Contents

Types of dwarfism

When the cause of dwarfism is understood, it may be classified according to one of hundreds of names, which are usually permutations of the following roots:

Examples include achondroplasia, osseous dysplasia, chondrodystrophy, and osteochondrodystrophy. Achondroplasia is a type of Autosomal dominant Genetic disorder that is a common cause of Dwarfism. Chondrodystrophy (literally "cartilage bad-nourishment" refers to a Skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect the development [2]

The most recognizable and most common form of dwarfism is achondroplasia, which produces rhizomelic short limbs, increased spinal curvature, and distortion of skull growth. Achondroplasia is a type of Autosomal dominant Genetic disorder that is a common cause of Dwarfism. It accounts for 70% of dwarfism cases. Other relatively common types include spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SED), diastrophic dysplasia, pseudoachondroplasia, hypochondroplasia, and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (abbreviated to SED more often than SDC is a rare disorder of Bone growth that results in Dwarfism, characteristic skeletal Diastrophic dysplasia (DTD is an Autosomal Recessive Congenital disorder which affects Cartilage and Bone development Pseudoachondroplasia is a type of short-limb Dwarfism. It is a genetic autosomal dominant disorder Hypochondroplasia is a developmental disorder caused by an Autosomal dominant genetic defect in the Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene ( FGFR3 Osteogenesis imperfecta ( OI and sometimes known as Brittle Bone Disease) is a genetic bone disorder Severe shortness with skeletal distortion also occurs in several of the mucopolysaccharidoses and other storage diseases. Mucopolysaccharidosis is a group of Autosomal recessive metabolic disorders caused by the absence or malfunctioning of lysosomal enzymes needed to break down The lysosomal storage diseases are a group of over forty human Genetic disorders that result from defects in lysosomal function

The average adult height of male and females with dwarfism is 132 cm and 123 cm respectively. The average weight of an adult may range from 100 to 150 pounds (45-68 kg).

Diagnosis

Unusually short stature for a child's age is usually what brings the child to medical attention. Skeletal dysplasia ("dwarfism") is usually suspected because of obvious physical features (e. Dysplasia (from Greek roughly "bad formation" is a term used in Pathology to refer to an abnormality in maturation of cells within a tissue g. , unusual configuration of face or shape of skull), because of an obviously affected parent, or because body measurements (arm span, upper to lower segment ratio) indicate disproportion. Bone x-rays are often the key to diagnosis of a specific skeletal dysplasia, but they are not the key diagnosis. Most children with suspected skeletal dysplasias will be referred to a genetics clinic for diagnostic confirmation and genetic counseling. Genetic counseling is the process by which patients or relatives at risk of an inherited disorder are advised of the consequences and nature of the disorder the probability of developing In the last decade, genetic tests for some of the specific disorders have become available.

During the initial medical evaluation for shortness, the absence of disproportion and the other clues above usually indicates other causes than bone dysplasias. Extreme shortness with completely normal proportions sometimes indicates growth hormone deficiency (pituitary dwarfism). Growth Hormone Deficiency is the medical condition of inadequate production of Growth hormone (GH and it effects on children and adults

Short stature alone, in the absence of any other abnormalities, may simply be genetic, particularly if a person is born into a family of people who are relatively short.

Problems associated with dwarfism

The principal adverse effects of dwarfism can be divided into the physical and the social.

Physical effects of malformed bones vary according to the specific disease. Many involve pain resulting from joint damage from abnormal bone alignment, or from nerve compression (e. A nerve is an enclosed cable-like bundle of peripheral Axons (the long slender projections of Neurons. g, spinal stenosis). Spinal stenosis is a medical condition in which the spinal canal narrows and compresses the spinal cord and nerves [1]. Early degenerative joint disease, exaggerated lordosis or scoliosis, and constriction of spinal cord or nerve roots can cause pain and disability. Lordosis (commonly referred to as swayback, saddle back, or hyper-lordosis) is a medical term used to describe an inward curvature of a portion of the Scoliosis is a medical condition in which a person's spine is curved from side to side and may also be rotated The spinal cord is a long thin tubular bundle of Nerves that is an extension of the Central nervous system from the brain and is enclosed in and protected Reduced thoracic size can restrict lung growth and reduce pulmonary function. The thorax is a division of an Animal 's body that lies between the head and the Abdomen. Some forms of dwarfism are associated with disordered function of other organs, such as the brain or liver, sometimes severely enough to be more disabling than the abnormal bone growth. The brain is the center of the Nervous system in animals All Vertebrates and the majority of Invertebrates have a brain The liver is a vital organ in the human body and is present in Vertebrates and some other animals As well, many dwarves are given injections of Human Growth Hormone during their early years, in the hope that it will increase their height, though, sadly, the HGH injections may cause adverse effects on the cardiac muscles, making them too large or thick to properly function, causing death through cardiac failure in the patient.

The psychosocial disadvantages may be more distressing than the physical symptoms, especially in childhood and adolescence, but people with dwarfism vary greatly in the degree to which social participation and emotional health are affected.

See also: heightism

Treatment and support

As the genetic defects of most forms of dwarfism due to bone dysplasia cannot be corrected, therapeutic interventions are typically aimed at (1) preventing or reducing pain or physical disability, (2) increasing adult height, or (3) mitigating psychosocial stresses and enhancing social adaptation.

Pain and disability may be ameliorated by physical therapy, by braces or other orthotic devices, or by surgical procedures. The only simple interventions that increase perceived adult height are dress enhancements such as shoe lifts or hairstyle. Growth hormone is rarely used for shortness due to bone dysplasias, as the height benefit is typically small (less than 5 cm) and the cost high. The most effective means of increasing adult height by several inches is limb-lengthening surgery, though availability is limited and cost is high in terms of money, discomfort, and interruption of life. Distraction osteogenesis, also called callus distraction, callotasis is a surgical process used to reconstruct skeletal deformities Most people with dwarfism do not avail themselves of this, and it remains controversial. [1] For other types of dwarfism, surgical treatment is not possible.

Cultural references

The Dwarf Don Sebastián de Morra, by Velázquez. In his portraits of the dwarves of Spain's royal court, the artist preferred a serious tone.
The Dwarf Don Sebastián de Morra, by Velázquez. Velázquez, also Velazquez, Velásquez or Velasquez, is a surname of Spanish origin In his portraits of the dwarves of Spain's royal court, the artist preferred a serious tone.
"Queen Henrietta Maria and the dwarf Sir Jeffrey Hudson",by Anthonis van Dyck, 1633
"Queen Henrietta Maria and the dwarf Sir Jeffrey Hudson",by Anthonis van Dyck, 1633

When depicted in art, literature, or movies, dwarves are rarely depicted as "regular people who are very short" but often as a species apart. Henrietta Maria ( 25 November 1609 – 10 September 1669) was Princess of France and Queen Consort of England, Scotland Jeffrey Hudson (1619&ndash1682 was a dwarf who belonged to the court of Queen Henrietta Maria of England in the years before King Charles I Novelists, artists, and moviemakers attach special moral or aesthetic significance to the "apartness" or the misshapenness. A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of Activities to do with creating Art, practicing the Arts and/or demonstrating A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film.

Artistic representations of dwarfism can be found on Greek vases and other ancient artefacts, including ancient Egyptian art. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca Ancient Egypt was an Ancient Civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now Documentation of dwarves can also be found on European paintings and many pictures. Many European paintings (especially Spanish) of the 16th–19th centuries depict dwarves by themselves or with others. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. In the Talmud, it is said that the second born son of the Egyptian Pharaoh of the Bible was a dwarf. The Talmud ( Hebrew: he תַּלְמוּד is a record of Rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Pharaoh is the title given in modern parlance to the ancient Egyptian kings of all periods Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin [3] Recent scholarship has indicated that the ancient Egyptians esteemed dwarves. [1]

In Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver's Travels", the protagonist encounters in the court of the Giants' Kingdom the strong enmity of the local "dwarf", who is "only" twenty feet high (where normal giants measure forty feet) and resents being displaced by "a smaller dwarf". Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 Gulliver's Travels (1726 amended 1735 officially Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World in Four Parts

Several novels have treated dwarfism as a major theme, although not necessarily realistically:

Leslie Fiedler's Freaks: Myths and Images of the Secret Self (1979) explored the value of differentness of "freaks" to "normal" people, lamenting medical treatment for reducing the number of picturesquely different people around. The Tin Drum (Die Blechtrommel is a 1959 Novel by Günter Grass. Günter Wilhelm Grass (born 16 October 1927 is a Nobel Prize -winning German Author and Playwright. Stones from the River is the 1994 novel by Ursula Hegi, and was chosen as an Eagles selection in February of 1997. Ursula Hegi ( 23 May, 1946 -) is a fiction author She lived in West Germany until she was 18 The Dwarf (Dvärgen 1944) is a novel by Pär Lagerkvist. It is considered his most important novel and the most artistically innovative (reference Pär Fabian Lagerkvist ( May 23, 1891 — July 11, 1974) was a Swedish A Prayer for Owen Meany is a novel by American writer John Irving, first published in 1989. John Winslow Irving (born March 2, 1942 as John Wallace Blunt Jr A Son of the Circus is a Novel by John Irving written and/or published in 1994. " Hop-Frog " (originally " Hop-Frog Or the Eight Chained Ourangoutangs " is a Short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published Edgar Allan Poe (January 19 1809 – October 7 1849 was an American poet, short-story Writer, editor and Literary critic, Maybe the Moon ( 1992) is a novel written by San Francisco novelist Armistead Maupin. Armistead Jones Maupin Jr (born) is an American Writer best known for his Tales of the City series of Novels based in San Francisco Ruth Park AM (born 24 August, possibly 1923 is a New Zealand -born author who has spent most of her life in Australia. Kay Nolte Smith (1932-1993 was an American writer She published seven novels before her death from cancer at age 61 The Eye of Night is a 2002 fantasy novel by Pauline Alama. It is notable for including among its leading characters a dwarf called Hwynn--not the mythological Simon Mawer (born 1948 England) is a British Author. He currently lives in Italy. For other uses see Cat's cradle (disambiguation. Cat's Cradle is a 1963 Science fiction Novel by Kurt Vonnegut Kurt Vonnegut Jr (November 11 1922 – April 11 2007 (ˈvɒnəgət was a prolific and genre-bending American Novelist known for works blending Satire, Black A Song of Ice and Fire is an award-winning series of Epic fantasy Novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R George Raymond Richard Martin ( September 20, 1948) sometimes referred to as GRRM, is an American Author and Screenwriter The Apprentice Adept Series is a seven-book Fantasy and Science fiction series by Piers Anthony. Piers Anthony Dillingham Jacob (born August 6, 1934 in Oxford England) is an English American writer in the Science fiction Leslie Aaron Fiedler ( March 8, 1917 &ndash January 29, 2003) was an American literary critic known for his interest in Mythography

Several 20th and 21st century movies & TV shows have addressed the topic or made much use of dwarves:

The actor and stunt man Verne Troyer has become famous playing the character "Mini-Me" in two Austin Powers movies, as has fellow stuntman and Jackass cast-member, Jason "Wee-Man" Acuña . Freaks is a 1932 Horror film about Sideshow performers directed and produced by Tod Browning with a cast mostly composed of The Terror of Tiny Town is a 1938 Film, produced by Jed Buell and directed by Sam Newfield, and starring Billy Curtis. The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical - Fantasy film mainly directed by Victor Fleming and based on the 1900 children’s Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory is a 1971 motion picture based on the 1964 Roald Dahl novel Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Man with the Golden Gun ( 1974) is the ninth film in the James Bond series, and the second to star Roger Moore as the fictional Time Bandits is a 1981 Fantasy film, produced and directed by Terry Gilliam. Under the Rainbow is a 1981 Comedy Film starring Chevy Chase, Carrie Fisher, Eve Arden, Billy Barty Willow is a 1988 Fantasy film directed by Ron Howard, based on a story by George Lucas. Maid Marian and her Merry Men is a UK Children's television series created and written by Tony Robinson and directed by David Bell Leprechaun is a 1992 Horror film directed by Mark Jones. It features one of the first roles played by a young Jennifer Aniston, before Living in Oblivion is a darkly comic low-budget Independent film depicting the making of a low-budget independent film written and directed by Tom DiCillo The Mighty is a 1998 Comedy-drama film, based on the book Freak the Mighty by Rodman Philbrick. Austin Powers The Spy Who Shagged Me is the second film in the Austin Powers series, released in 1999. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (published in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone) is the first novel in Austin Powers in Goldmember is the third Film of the Austin Powers series starring Mike Myers in the title role. Monster Garage was a popular television show for the Discovery Channel hosted by Jesse G Jackass The Movie, is an American film directed by Jeff Tremaine and was released on October 25, 2002 with the tagline "Do not attempt A Little Murder is the fourth episode from the of the popular American Crime drama, which is set in Las Vegas, Nevada. Elf is a 2003 Christmas -themed Comedy film directed by Jon Favreau and released in the United States on November 7 The Station Agent is a 2003 American Independent film about a man who moves to live in an abandoned Train station in rural Tiptoes is a 2003 film starring Kate Beckinsale, Matthew McConaughey, and Gary Oldman. Little People Big World is a reality television series produced in the United States that airs on TLC. The Benchwarmers is a 2006 comedy Film that was released on April 7, 2006. National Geographic Channel, also called Nat Geo, is a subscription television network that features Documentaries produced by the National Geographic Society An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works Verne Troyer (born January 1 1969 ] is an American Actor and Stunt man. Mini-Me is a character played by Verne Troyer in the second and third Austin Powers movies Austin Powers The Spy Who Shagged Me Sir Austin Danger Powers, KBE, is a Fictional character from the Austin Powers series of films Jackass is an American Television series, originally shown on MTV from 2000 to 2002 featuring people performing various dangerous crude ridiculous Jason Bryant Acuña (born May 16, 1973) better known as " Wee-Man " is an American TV host and actor

The 1960s television series The Wild Wild West featured a dwarf, Michael Dunn, as the recurring character Dr. A television program (US television programme (UK or television show (U The Wild Wild West is an American television series that ran on CBS for four seasons (104 episodes from September 17, 1965 to Michael Dunn ( October 20, 1934 – August 30, 1973) was an American actor and singer who shunned the usual "cute" For the daytime equivalent see Recurring status. A recurring character is a Fictional character, usually in a Prime time Miguelito Loveless, the brilliant but insane arch-enemy of Secret Service agents James West and Artemus Gordon.

In the mid-1970s, Sid and Marty Krofft built an indoor theme park in Atlanta, Georgia called The World of Sid and Marty Krofft. Sid and Marty Krofft are a sibling team of prolific television producers who were influential in children's television and variety show programs particularly throughout the 1970s and early Theme park is the generic term for a collection of rides and other Entertainment attractions assembled for the purpose of entertaining a large group The World of Sid and Marty Krofft was an Amusement park in Atlanta, Georgia. This had a live stage production that was at that time the largest gathering of "little people" since the filming of The Wizard of Oz in 1937-38 as well as being the largest indoor theme park built to that time. The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical - Fantasy film mainly directed by Victor Fleming and based on the 1900 children’s The facility that was built to house this theme park is today the studios of CNN, the Cable News Network, and CNN Headline News. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner Headline News is a Spin-off network from the original Cable News Network ( CNN) television news network in the United States.

In the late 1970s, Hervé Villechaize played the character Tattoo on the TV series Fantasy Island. Hervé Jean-Pierre Villechaize ( April 23, 1943 - September 4, 1993) was a French Actor who achieved worldwide recognition This article is about the television series For the Amusement park, see Martin's Fantasy Island or Fantasy Island UK

In the 1990s, the immensely popular series Seinfeld featured a dwarf character, Mickey Abbott, in seven episodes; Mickey was played by actor Danny Woodburn. Seinfeld is an American Situation comedy, or sitcom that originally aired on NBC from July 5 1989 to May 14 1998 lasting nine seasons The television show Seinfeld was known for featuring many characters each with their own special quirks Danny Woodburn (born July 26, 1964) is an American film TV and stage actor best known for having played Mickey Abbott on the hit sitcom He got into several physical altercations with 6-foot (1. 8 m)-plus Kramer. In one episode, he was ostracized by his dwarf peers for using lifts in his shoes to make him look taller.

In the movie, The Mighty, one of the main characters, Kevin, nicknamed Freak, has a rare form of dwarfism called Morquio syndrome, which kills him at the end of the movie because of the symptoms. The Mighty is a 1998 Comedy-drama film, based on the book Freak the Mighty by Rodman Philbrick. Morquio's syndrome (referred to as Mucopolysaccharidosis IV or Morquio's) is an Autosomal recessive Mucopolysaccharide storage disease

Arguably the most famous dwarf actor is Warwick Davis, having found success in several notable fantasy franchises, including Star Wars, Harry Potter, Willow, Leprechaun, Gulliver's Travels, The 10th Kingdom, and The Chronicles of Narnia (both the 1989 television serial and again in the upcoming 2008 film version of Prince Caspian). Warwick Ashley Davis (born February 3 1970) is an English Actor. Star Wars is an epic Space opera franchise initially conceived by George Lucas during the 1970s and significantly expanded Harry Potter is a series of seven Fantasy novels written by British author J Willows, sallows and osiers form the Genus Salix, around 400 species of Deciduous Trees and Shrubs found primarily In Irish mythology, a leprechaun (leipreachán Gulliver's Travels (1726 amended 1735 officially Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World in Four Parts The 10th Kingdom is an epic fantasy TV Miniseries written by screenplay writer Simon Moore and released by Hallmark Entertainment Prince Caspian The Return to Narnia is a Novel for children by C

From 1999 until 2003, the popular television series The Man Show featured dwarves in many of their segments. The Man Show was a half hour American Comedy Television show on Comedy Central. They once claimed to be "the world's largest employer of midgets". Midget is a term used to describe an exceptionally short person

In Mind of Mencia, one of the main characters is a dwarf named Brad Williams. Mind of Mencia is an American Television Comedy series on the cable channel Comedy Central. Brad Williams (born 1984 in Orange California) is a comedian and actor Brad is a comedian who tours with Carlos Mencia as his opening act. Ned Arnel Mencía (born October 22, 1967) better known by his Stage name Carlos Mencia, is a Comedian, Writer, and

In Monster Garage, Chris "Body Drop" Artiaga made his début as a contestant in episode 'Ramp Rage', but later became parts runner for the series. Monster Garage was a popular television show for the Discovery Channel hosted by Jesse G In addition, there are 2 episodes featuring all-dwarf build teams.

In George R.R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series, one of the main characters, Tyrion Lannister, is a dwarf. George Raymond Richard Martin ( September 20, 1948) sometimes referred to as GRRM, is an American Author and Screenwriter A Song of Ice and Fire is an award-winning series of Epic fantasy Novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R House Lannister is a fictional family from George R R Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire book series Though a brilliant and well-read man (some would say genius), he struggles with acceptance by "normal" people, who pejoratively refer to him as "the Imp," or "half-man". This is especially true of his father, Lord Tywin Lannister, who holds Tyrion in contempt, especially when compared to Tyrion's handsome, talented older brother Jaime, and Jaime's equally beautiful and talented twin sister, Cersei. House Lannister is a fictional family from George R R Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire book series Tyrion often wonders if any woman could ever truly love him in spite of his condition.

Johnny Roventini was a dwarf bellboy in a New York City hotel when he was paid $1 to "Call for Phillip Morris", unknowingly beginning his 40-year career as an advertising icon in radio, television, and print media. Johnny Roventini (also known as John Louis Roventini and popularly as Johnny Philip Morris) ( August 15, 1910 – November 30, 1998 The City of New York

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Dwarfism Resources: Frequently Asked Questions. Ellis-van Creveld Syndrome (also called chondroectodermal dysplasia or mesoectodermal dysplasia) is a rare Genetic disorder of the Skeletal This is a list of famous people who have or had the condition Dwarfism. Primordial dwarfism is a rare form of Dwarfism that results in a smaller body size in all stages of life beginning from before Birth. Psychogenic Dwarfism, also known as Psychosocial dwarfism Psychosocial short stature Stress dwarfism or Kaspar Hauser Syndrome (after the first person Gigantism or giantism, (from Greek gigas, gigantas " giant " is a condition characterized by excessive growth and height Laron syndrome, or Laron-type dwarfism, is an Autosomal Recessive disorder characterized by an insensitivity to Growth hormone (GH caused by Mulibrey nanism is a Genetic disease. It may lead to Dwarfism. Midget is a term used to describe an exceptionally short person Little People of America (2006-7-9). Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Archived from the original on 2007-07-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Retrieved on 2006-11-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca
  2. ^ Dwarfism and Dysplasias - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics. Retrieved on 2007-12-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Marcus Tullius Cicero assassinated 1696 - Connecticut Route 108, one of the oldest highways
  3. ^ The Talmud - CHAPTER VI. DEATH OF JACOB AND HIS SONS--MOSES--THE DELIVERANCE FROM EGYPT. URL accessed April 23, 2007

External links

Dictionary

dwarfism

-noun

  1. The condition of being a dwarf.
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