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Duron
Central processing unit

AMD Duron "Spitfire" CPU
Produced: From mid 2000 to 2006
Manufacturer: AMD
Max CPU clock: 600 MHz to 1. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. 8 GHz
FSB speeds: 200 MT/s to 266 MT/s
Min feature size: 0. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. In Personal computers the Front Side Bus ( FSB) is the bus that carries data between the CPU and the northbridge. Gigatransfer (GT and Megatransfer (MT are terms used in computer technology referring to a number of data transfers (or operations Gigatransfer (GT and Megatransfer (MT are terms used in computer technology referring to a number of data transfers (or operations 18 µm to 0. A micrometre ( American spelling: micrometer; symbol µm) is one millionth of a Metre, or equivalently one thousandth of a Millimetre 13 µm
Instruction set: x86
Socket: Socket A
Core names:
  • Spitfire
  • Morgan
  • Applebred
Duron logo

The AMD Duron was an x86-compatible computer processor manufactured by AMD. An instruction set is a list of all the instructions and all their variations that a processor can execute See also X86 assembly language The generic term x86 refers to the most commercially successful Instruction set architecture in the history of Personal Socket A (also known as Socket 462) is the CPU socket used for AMD processors ranging from the Athlon Thunderbird to the See also X86 assembly language The generic term x86 refers to the most commercially successful Instruction set architecture in the history of Personal A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. It was released on June 19, 2000 as a low-cost alternative to AMD's own Athlon processor and the Pentium III and Celeron processor lines from rival Intel. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of different X86 processors designed and manufactured by AMD. Pentium III variants Katmai The first Pentium III variant was the Katmai (Intel product code 80525 The Celeron brand is a range of X86 CPUs from Intel targeted at budget/value Personal computers with the motto "delivering great quality The Duron was discontinued in 2004 and succeeded by the Sempron. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Sempron has been the marketing name used by AMD for several different entry level desktop CPUs using several different technologies and CPU socket

Contents

Development

The Duron was pin-compatible with the Athlon and carried all of the computational resources from it, operating on the same motherboards in most cases. A motherboard is the central or primary Printed circuit board (PCB making up a complex electronic system such as a modern Computer or Laptop The original Duron was limited to operating on a 100 MHz front-side bus speed (FSB 200), while the Athlon at the time could run on a bus clock of 133 MHz (FSB 266). The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. In Personal computers the Front Side Bus ( FSB) is the bus that carries data between the CPU and the northbridge. Later Durons supported a 133 MHz bus (FSB 266) while Athlon XP ran at 166/200 MHz FSB (FSB 333/400). The original Duron, using the "Spitfire" core, was manufactured in 2000 and 2001 at speeds ranging from 600 to 950 MHz. It was based on the 180nm "Thunderbird" Athlon core. Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of different X86 processors designed and manufactured by AMD. The second-generation Duron, the "Morgan" core, was sold in speed grades between 900 and 1300 MHz, and was based on the 180 nm "Palomino" Athlon XP core. Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of different X86 processors designed and manufactured by AMD. As a result, it featured a few important enhancements namely full Intel SSE support, enlarged TLBs, hardware data prefetch, and an integrated thermal diode. Like the "Palomino" core, "Morgan" was also expected to reduce the core heat dissipation, however in "Morgan"'s case this did not happen due to its increased core voltage. The final generation Duron was called "Applebred", sometimes called "Appalbred", and was based on the "Appaloosa" Duron along with the 130nm "Thoroughbred" Athlon XP. Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of different X86 processors designed and manufactured by AMD. "Appaloosa" was never officially announced but it did see very limited circulation.

Duron's biggest difference from Athlon was its reduction in cache size to 64 KiB, in contrast to the 256 KiB or even 512 KiB of Athlon. In computing binary prefixes are names or associated symbols that can precede a unit of measure (such as a Byte) to indicate multiplication by a power of two This was a relatively tiny amount of L2 cache, even smaller than the 128 KiB L2 on Intel's Celeron. The Celeron brand is a range of X86 CPUs from Intel targeted at budget/value Personal computers with the motto "delivering great quality However, the K7-architecture enjoyed one of the largest L1 caches, at 128 KiB (split 64+64 KiB). And, with the arrival of the socketed Athlon/Duron chips, AMD switched to an exclusive cache design which did not mirror data between the L1 and L2 like the inclusive cache used on the Slot A K7, a critical feature in a low-cache situation. Slot A refers to the physical and electrical specification for a 242-lead single-edge-connector used by early versions of AMD 's Athlon processor An exclusive design greatly favors L1 cache as the primary caching resource, while the slower L2 cache stores victim or copy-back cache blocks to be written back to main memory (LRU). For detailed algorithms specific to the cache between a CPU and RAM see CPU cache. The L2 cache essentially acts as an overflow from the L1 cache. Because of the lack of duplication between caches, Duron can be said to have 192 KiB cache onboard, whereas an inclusive chip such as Athlon Slot-A, with 512 KiB L2, would only have, in practice, 512 KiB total (640K-128K). Celeron was in the same boat with its inclusive cache for a total of 128 KiB (160K-32K).

Consequently, the post-Slot-A K7-architecture was less sensitive to L2 cache size. This reduced reliance upon L2 cache also allowed AMD to make their L2 cache higher latency and lower bandwidth without significant performance loss, which lessened processor complexity and allowed better manufacturing yields. AMD's Duron "Spitfire" CPU was only roughly 10% slower than its big brother, Athlon "Thunderbird".

Duron was often a favorite of computer builders looking for performance while on a tight budget. Perhaps most notably, in 2003 the "Applebred" Duron was available in 1. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. 4 GHz, 1. 6 GHz and 1. 8 GHz forms, all on a 133 MHz (FSB 266) bus by default. Enthusiast groups discovered these Durons to be rebadged Thoroughbred A/B cores with cache disabled (and perhaps defective). With some research and testing it was found that "Applebred" could be turned into "Thoroughbred" Athlon XP, with full 256KiB cache, at a very high success rate with "Thoroughbred B" cores. However, this was only possible for a period of approximately 4 weeks, as shortly after the Applebred was released AMD changed the chip configuration method to one that was not changeable.

Duron core data

"Applebred" Duron, "A"-model
"Applebred" Duron, "A"-model

Spitfire (Model 3, 180 nm)

Morgan (Model 7, 180 nm)

Applebred (Model 8, 130 nm)

References

See also

List of AMD Duron microprocessors

External links

Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Desktop processors Duron "Spitfire" (Model 3 180 nm All models support MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!
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