Dunedin Ōtepoti (Māori)
—  Metropolitan Area  —
Dunedin Location of Dunedin
Coordinates: 45°52′S 170°30′E / -45.867, 170.5
Country	New Zealand
Region	Otago
Territorial Authority	Dunedin City
Extent	urban area, and to Middlemarch, Waikouaiti and the Taieri River
Extent of Urban Area	Mosgiel to Port Chalmers
Settled by the UK	1848
Incorporated [1]	1855
Government [2]
- MayorDunedin City	Peter Chin
- Regional Council	Otago Regional Council
Area
- City	3,314. Statistics New Zealand defines New Zealand urban areas for statistical purposes Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The region is the top tier of Local government in New Zealand. History See also History of Otago The Otago Settlement sponsored by the Free Church of Scotland, materialised in March 1848 with the arrival of the first Peter (Wing Ho Chin (陳荣和 Pinyin: Chén Rónghé CNZM (born 1941 is the current Mayor of Dunedin, New Zealand. History See also History of Otago The Otago Settlement sponsored by the Free Church of Scotland, materialised in March 1848 with the arrival of the first Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 8 km² (1,279. 9 sq mi)
Population (2005 est)[3]
- Region	118,683 (2,006 Census)
Time zone	NZST (UTC+12)
- Summer (DST)	NZDT (UTC+13)
Website: http://www.cityofdunedin.com/

Dunedin (pronounced /dəˈneɪdɪn/ (listen)), Ōtepoti in Maori, is the second-largest city in the South Island of New Zealand, and the principal city of the region of Otago. History On 2 November 1868, New Zealand officially adopted a standard time to be observed nationally and was perhaps the first country to do so UTC+12 is a Time zone for the following locations Fiji Gilbert Islands, Kiribati Marshall Islands Daylight saving time ( DST UTC+13 is a Time zone for the following locations Enderbury Kiribati (Phoenix Islands Time New Zealand Daylight Time The South Island is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand, the other being the more populous North Island. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island History See also History of Otago The Otago Settlement sponsored by the Free Church of Scotland, materialised in March 1848 with the arrival of the first It is New Zealand's fifth largest city in population, the largest in size of council boundary area, and the hub of the fifth-largest urban area. For historical and cultural reasons and its location, Dunedin is considered one of the country's four main centres, although Hamilton has overtaken it in urban-area population and Tauranga has the same urban-area population. Hamilton ( Kirikiriroa in Māori) is the centre of New Zealand 's fourth largest Urban area, and is the country's seventh largest City for the electorate see Tauranga (NZ electorate Tauranga (population 114500 2007 estimate after status was lost after 1989 Local

The city stands on the hills and valleys surrounding the head of Otago Harbour. Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating Otago The harbour and hills are the remnants of an extinct volcano. It is the home of the University of Otago. The University of Otago ( Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo) in Dunedin is New Zealand 's oldest university with over 20000 students enrolled during

History

Main article: History of Dunedin

Māori settlements

Modern archaeology favours a date round 1100 AD for the first human (Māori) occupation of New Zealand with population concentrated along the south east coast. The city of Dunedin, New Zealand has played an important role in the history of New Zealand ^[4] A camp site at Kaikai's Beach, near Otago Heads, has been dated from about that time. ^[5] There are numerous Archaic (moa hunter) sites in what is now Dunedin, several of them large and permanently occupied, particularly in the fourteenth century. ^[6] Population contracted but expanded again with the evolution of the Classic culture which saw the building of several pa, fortified settlements, notably Pukekura at (Taiaroa Head), about 1650. The word pā (pronounced pah refers to a Māori Village, generally one from the 19th century or earlier that was fortified for defence Taiaroa Head is a headland at the end of the Otago Peninsula in New Zealand, overlooking the mouth of the Otago Harbour. ^[7] There was a settlement in what is now central Dunedin (Ōtepoti) occupied as late as about 1785 but abandoned by 1826. ^[8]

Maori tradition tells first of people called Kahui Tipua living in the area, then Te Rapuwai, semi-legendary but considered to be historical. The next arrivals were Waitaha followed by Kati Mamoe late in the sixteenth century and then Kai Tahu (Ngai Tahu in modern standard Māori) who arrived in the mid seventeenth century. Waitaha is an early historical Māori Iwi. Inhabitants of the South Island of New Zealand, they were largely absorbed via marriage and conquest Kāti Mamoe, or Ngāti Mamoe, is an historic Māori Iwi. Originally from the Heretaunga ( Napier) area they moved to the South Island Ngāi Tahu, or Kāi Tahu, the principal Māori Iwi (tribe of the southern region of New Zealand, has its tribal authority (Te Rūnanga o Ngāi ^[9] These migration waves have often been represented as 'invasions' in European accounts but modern scholarship has cast doubt on that. They were probably migrations like those of the European which incidentally resulted in bloodshed. ^[10]

The sealer John Boultbee recorded in the 1820s that the 'Kaika Otargo' (settlements around and near Otago Harbour) were the oldest and largest in the south. Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating Otago ^[11]

European settlement

Captain James Cook stood off what is now the coast of Dunedin between February 25 and March 5, 1770, naming Cape Saunders on the Otago Peninsula and Saddle Hill. Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Year 1770 ( MDCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Friday Cape Saunders is a prominent headland on the Pacific Ocean coast of the Otago Peninsula in New Zealand 's South Island. The Otago Peninsula is a long rugged indented finger of land that forms the easternmost part of Dunedin New Zealand. He reported penguins and seals in the vicinity, which led sealers to visit from the beginning of the 19th century. ^[12] The early years of sealing saw a feud between sealers and local Maori, from 1810-1823, sparked by an incident on Otago Harbour, but William Tucker became the first European to settle in the area in 1815. William Tucker is the name of several people among them William Tucker (colonist, a freeman who was the first African American born in the American Colonies ^[13] Permanent European occupation dates from 1831 when the Weller brothers founded their whaling station at Otago, modern Otakou on the Otago Harbour. The Weller brothers, Englishmen of Sydney and Otago, New Zealand, were the founders of a Whaling station on Otago Harbour and New The settlement of Otakou lies within the boundaries of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Epidemics reduced the Maori population. By the late 1830s the harbour was an international whaling port. Johnny Jones established a farming settlement and a mission station, the South Island's first, at Waikouaiti in 1840. John "Johnny" Jones (c 1808 - 16 March 1869) was a pioneer settler in New Zealand. History An 1826 sketch of the coast north of Otago (made in May 1826 shows the 'Karitane' and 'Waikouaiti' coast ^[14]

The Lay Association of the Free Church of Scotland founded Dunedin at the head of Otago Harbour in 1848 as the principal town of its Scottish settlement. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The name comes from Dùn Èideann, the Scottish Gaelic name for Edinburgh, the Scottish capital. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. ^[15] Charles Kettle the city's surveyor, instructed to emulate the characteristics of Edinburgh, produced a striking, 'Romantic' design. Charles Kettle, (1821-1862 surveyed the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, imposing a bold design on a challenging landscape ^[16] The result was both grand and quirky streets as the builders struggled and sometimes failed to construct his bold vision across the challenging landscape. Captain William Cargill, a veteran of the war against Napoleon, was the secular leader. William Walter Cargill (27 August 1784 &ndash 6 August 1860 was the founder of the Otago settlement in New Zealand, after serving as a officer in the British The Reverend Thomas Burns, a nephew of the poet Robert Burns, was the spiritual guide. Thomas Burns (ca 1796&ndash1871 was a prominent early European settler and religious leader of the province of Otago, New Zealand. Robert Burns (25 January 1759 – 21 July 1796 (also known as Rabbie Burns, Scotland's favourite son, the Ploughman Poet, the Bard of Ayrshire

Gold rush era

In 1852, Dunedin became the capital of the Otago Province, the whole of New Zealand from the Waitaki south. The Waitaki River is a large River in the South Island of New Zealand, some 110 km long In 1861 the discovery of gold at Gabriel's Gully, to the southwest, led to a rapid influx of population and saw Dunedin become New Zealand's first city by growth of population in 1865. Gabriel's Gully is a locality in Otago, New Zealand, three kilometres from Lawrence township and close to the Tuapeka River. The new arrivals included many Irish, but also Italians, French, Germans, Jews and Chinese. ^[17] The Southern Cemetery was established in 1858, the Northern Cemetery in 1872. ^[18]

Dunedin Railway Station, built in 1906.

360° Panorama: Railway Station from inside.

Dunedin and the region industrialised and consolidated, and the Main South Line connected the city with Christchurch in 1878 and Invercargill in 1879. |}}|}The Main South Line, sometimes referred to as part of the South Island Main Trunk Railway, runs south from Lyttelton in New Zealand through Christchurch Christchurch (Ōtautahi The largest City in the South Island, it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand The University of Otago, the oldest university in New Zealand, was founded in Dunedin in 1869. The University of Otago ( Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo) in Dunedin is New Zealand 's oldest university with over 20000 students enrolled during Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year ^[19] Otago Girls' High School (1871) is said to be the oldest state secondary school for girls in the Southern Hemisphere. Otago Girls' High School is a secondary school in Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand Between 1881 and 1957, Dunedin was home to cable trams, being both one of the first and last such systems in the world. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) The Dunedin cable tramway system was a group of cable tramway lines in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. Early in the 1880s the inauguration of the frozen meat industry, with the first shipment leaving from Port Chalmers in 1882, saw the beginning of a later great national industry. Port Chalmers is the main port of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Year 1882 ( MDCCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[20]

After ten years of gold rushes the economy slowed but Julius Vogel's immigration and development scheme brought thousands more especially to Dunedin and Otago before recession set in again in the 1880s. Sir Julius Vogel, KCMG ( February 24, 1835 - March 12, 1899) was New Zealand 's only practicing Jewish In these first times of prosperity many institutions and businesses were established, New Zealand's first daily newspaper, art school, medical school and public art gallery Dunedin Public Art Gallery among them. The Dunedin Public Art Gallery holds the main public art collection of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. ^[21] There was also a remarkable architectural flowering producing many substantial and ornamental buildings. R.A. Lawson's First Church of Otago and Knox Church are notable examples, as are buildings by Maxwell Bury and F.W. Petre. Robert Arthur Lawson ( 1 January 1833 &ndash 3 December 1902) was one of New Zealand 's most eminent 19th century architects Robert Arthur Lawson ( 1 January 1833 &ndash 3 December 1902) was one of New Zealand 's most eminent 19th century architects Francis (Frank William Petre (27 August 1847 &ndash 10 December 1918 was a prominent New Zealand -born Architect based in Dunedin. The other visual arts also flourished under the leadership of W.M. Hodgkins. William Mathew Hodgkins (1833 - 1898 was a 19th century New Zealand painter ^[22] The city's landscape and burgeoning townscape were vividly portrayed by George O'Brien 1821-1888. George O'Brien (1821-1888 was an engineer of aristocratic background who turned to art in 19th century Australasia, dying in poverty but leaving a body of remarkable work ^[23] From the mid 1890s the economy revived. Institutions such as the Otago Settlers Museum and the Hocken Collections – the first of their kind in New Zealand – were founded. The Otago Settlers Museum is a regional history Museum in Dunedin, New Zealand covering the territory of the old Otago Province, New Zealand The Hocken Library (also known by its Southern Māori name of Te Uare Taoka o Hākena) is a research library and historical archive based in the New Zealand More notable buildings such as the Railway Station and Olveston were erected. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains Olveston is the name of a prominent house in the inner suburbs of Dunedin, New Zealand. New energy in the visual arts represented by G.P. Nerli culminated in the career of Frances Hodgkins. Girolamo Nerli ( 21 February 1860  – 24 June 1926) was an Italian painter who worked and travelled in Australia and Frances Mary Hodgkins ( 28 April 1869 - 13 May 1947) was a New Zealand abstract painter who lived in England ^[24]

Early Modern era

By 1900, Dunedin was no longer the country's biggest city. Influence and activity moved north to the other centres ("the drift north"), a trend which continued for much of the following century. Despite this, the university continued to expand, and a student quarter became established. At the same time people started to notice Dunedin's mellowing, the ageing of its grand old buildings, with writers like E. H. McCormick pointing out its atmospheric charm. ^[25] In the 1930s and early 1940s a new generation of artists such as M.T. (Toss) Woollaston, Doris Lusk, Anne Hamblett, Colin McCahon and Patrick Hayman once again represented the best of the country's talent. Sir Mountford Tosswill "Toss" Woollaston (1910-1998 was one of the most important New Zealand painters of the 20th century Colin John McCahon ( August 1, 1919, Timaru, New Zealand - May 27, 1987, Auckland) was a prominent Patrick Hayman (1915 &ndash 1988 was an English artist who worked in a variety of media including painting drawing and three-dimensional constructions The Second World War saw the dispersal of these painters, but not before McCahon had met a very youthful poet, James K. Baxter, in a central city studio. James Keir Baxter ( June 29, 1926 &mdash October 22, 1972) was a Poet, and a controversial figure in New Zealand society

Post War developments

The Dunedin Botanic Garden

Baldwin Street

After World War II, prosperity and population growth revived, although Dunedin trailed as the fourth 'main centre'. Baldwin Street, in a suburban part of New Zealand 's southern city of Dunedin, is reputed to be the world's steepest Street. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including A generation reacting against Victorianism started demolishing its buildings, and many were lost, notably the Stock Exchange in 1969. Although the university continued to expand, the city's population growth slowed and then contracted, notably from 1976 to 1981. This was, however, a culturally vibrant time with the university's new privately endowed arts fellowships, bringing such luminaries as James K Baxter, Ralph Hotere, Janet Frame, and Hone Tuwhare to the city. James Keir Baxter ( June 29, 1926 &mdash October 22, 1972) was a Poet, and a controversial figure in New Zealand society Hone Papita Raukura (Ralph Hotere is a New Zealand artist of Māori descent ( Te Aupōuri Iwi) The New Zealand author Janet Paterson Frame, ONZ, CBE ( August 28, 1924 - January 29, 2004) published eleven Hone Tuwhare ( 21 October 1922 &ndash 16 January 2008) was a noted New Zealand poet of Māori ancestry

During the 1980s the city's popular music scene blossomed, with many acts, such as The Chills, The Clean, The Verlaines, and Straitjacket Fits, gaining national and international recognition. The Chills are a guitar and keyboard-based rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand. The Clean were an influential first-wave punk band that formed in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1978 The Verlaines are a rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand notable for combining rock passion with classical compositional ideas Straitjacket Fits formed in Dunedin, New Zealand in 1986 and were a prominent band in the Flying Nun label's second wave of the Dunedin Sound The term "The Dunedin Sound" was coined to describe the 1960s-influenced guitar-led music which came out of the city at this time. The southern New Zealand university city of Dunedin spawned a style of indie pop music in the early 1980s known as "The Dunedin Sound " The music scene continues to thrive today, with bands and musicians playing and recording in many styles, from electronica to reggae to folk.

By 1990, population decline had steadied and Dunedin had re-invented itself as a 'heritage city' with its main streets refurbished in Victorian style^[26] and R. A. Lawson's Municipal Chambers in the Octagon handsomely restored. The Octagon is the city centre of Dunedin, in the South Island of New Zealand. It was also recognised as a centre of excellence in tertiary education and research. The university and polytechnic's growth accelerated. The city has continued to refurbish itself, embarking on major developments and redevelopments of the art gallery, railway station, and Otago Settlers Museum.

Dunedin has flourishing niche industries including engineering, software engineering, bio-technology and fashion. Port Chalmers on Otago Harbour provides Dunedin with deep-water port facilities. Port Chalmers is the main port of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating Otago The port is served by the Port Chalmers Branch, a branch line railway that diverges from the Main South Line that runs from Christchurch via Dunedin to Invercargill. The Port Chalmers Branch was the first railway line built in Otago, New Zealand, and linked the region's major city of Dunedin with the port in Port A branch line is a secondary railway line which branches off a more important through route usually a main line. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. |}}|}The Main South Line, sometimes referred to as part of the South Island Main Trunk Railway, runs south from Lyttelton in New Zealand through Christchurch Christchurch (Ōtautahi The largest City in the South Island, it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand Invercargill ( Waihōpai in Māori) is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world

The cityscape glitters with gems of Victorian and Edwardian architecture - the legacy of the city's gold-rush affluence - many including First Church, Otago Boys High School and Larnach Castle are designed by one of New Zealand's most eminent architects R A Lawson. Otago Boys' High School is one of New Zealand's oldest boys' Secondary schools located in Dunedin, New Zealand. Larnach Castle (often incorrectly referred to as "Larnach's Castle" is an imposing Mansion on the Ridge of Otago Peninsula within the limits Robert Arthur Lawson ( 1 January 1833 &ndash 3 December 1902) was one of New Zealand 's most eminent 19th century architects Other prominent buildings include Olveston and Dunedin Railway Station. Possibly the best-known building in the southern half of New Zealand 's South Island, Dunedin Railway Station is a jewel in the country's architectural crown Other attractions include Baldwin Street, the world's steepest street; the famous Captain Cook Tavern; and the local Speight's brewery. Baldwin Street, in a suburban part of New Zealand 's southern city of Dunedin, is reputed to be the world's steepest Street. Speight's is a Brewery in Dunedin New Zealand. It is famous for its promotional branding based on being 'a real southern man' and being 'the pride of the south'

Dunedin is also notable now as centre for ecotourism. Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a form of Tourism that appeals to ecologically and socially conscious individuals Uniquely, the world's only mainland Royal Albatross colony and several penguin and seal colonies lie within the city boundaries on Otago Peninsula. The Northern Royal Albatross ( Diomedea sanfordi) is a large Seabird from the Albatross family. Penguins ( order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless Birds living almost Pinnipeds ("fin-feet" lit "winged feet" or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine Mammals comprising The Otago Peninsula is a long rugged indented finger of land that forms the easternmost part of Dunedin New Zealand. To the south, on the western side of Lake Waihola, lie the Sinclair Wetlands. Lake Waihola is a tidal freshwater Lake located 15 km north of Milton in Otago, in New Zealand 's South Island. The Sinclair Wetlands are an internationally renowned wetlands located to the south west of Dunedin, New Zealand, at the southern edge of the Taieri Plains

The thriving tertiary student population has led to a vibrant youth culture (so named 'Scarfies'), consisting of the before mentioned music scene, and more recently a burgeoning boutique fashion industry. ^[27][28] A strong visual arts community also lives in Dunedin and its environs, notably in Port Chalmers and the other settlements which dot the coast of the Otago Harbour, and also in communities such as Waitati. Port Chalmers is the main port of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating Otago

St Clair Beach, Dunedin.

Sport is catered for in Dunedin by the floodlit rugby and cricket venue of Carisbrook, the New Caledonian Ground soccer and athletics stadium near the University at Logan Park, the large Edgar Centre indoor sports centre, the University Oval cricket ground, and numerous golf courses and parks. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Carisbrook is a major sporting venue in Dunedin, New Zealand. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Logan Park is a sporting venue in the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. The Edgar Centre is a large multi-purpose indoor sports venue in Dunedin, New Zealand, on the shore of Otago Harbour close to Andersons Bay Inlet The University Oval is an oval sports ground located at Logan Park Dunedin, New Zealand, owned by the Dunedin City Council. There are also Forbury Park horseracing circuit in the south of the city and several others within a few kilometres. This article is about the sport For other uses see Horserace (drinking game or Horse race (politics. St Clair Beach is a well-known surfing venue. Surfing is a surface water sport in which the participant is carried along the face of a breaking wave, most commonly using a Surfboard, although wave-riders Dunedin has four public swimming pools: Moana Pool, Port Chalmers Pool, Mosgiel, and St Clair Salt Water Pool. Moana Pool is the largest swimming pool in the southern half of New Zealand 's South Island.

Geography

Dunedin (grey area to lower left) sits close to the isthmus of the Otago Peninsula, at the end of Otago Harbour. The Otago Peninsula is a long rugged indented finger of land that forms the easternmost part of Dunedin New Zealand. Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating Otago

Dunedin City has a land area of 3,314. 8 square kilometres (1,279. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 9 sq mi), slightly larger than the American state of Rhode Island or the English county of Cambridgeshire, and a little smaller than Cornwall. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Rhode Island ( officially named the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland History Cambridgeshire is noted as the site of some of the earliest known Neolithic permanent settlement in the United Kingdom, along with sites at Fengate Cornwall ( Kernow ˈkɛɹnɔʊ is the most southwesterly county of England, on the Peninsula that lies to the west of the River Tamar It is the largest city in land area in New Zealand. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The Dunedin City Council boundaries since 1989 have extended to Middlemarch in the west, Waikouaiti in the north, the Pacific Ocean in the east and south-east, and the Waipori/Taieri River and the township of Henley in the south-west. Middlemarch is a small town (population 300 within the limits of Dunedin city History An 1826 sketch of the coast north of Otago (made in May 1826 shows the 'Karitane' and 'Waikouaiti' coast The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Henley is a township on New Zealand 's Taieri Plains, presumably named after the rowing centre Henley-on-Thames in England.

Dunedin is the most remote city in the world from London at 19,100 km (11,870 mi) (90 km (56 mi) more than Invercargill, and 100 km (62 mi) more than Christchurch), and from Berlin at 18,200 km (11,310 mi). London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Invercargill ( Waihōpai in Māori) is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world Christchurch (Ōtautahi The largest City in the South Island, it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Its antipodes are some 300 km (190 mi) north of the Spanish city of La Coruña, in the Bay of Biscay. The antipodes refer to lands and peoples located on the opposite side of the World compared to the speaker Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. A Coruña ( Spanish: La Coruña; Galician: A Coruña; also Corunna in English, and archaically The Groyne) is Cantabrian Sea redirects here Not to be confused with Biscay Bay Newfoundland and Labrador or Biscayne Bay.

Inner city

The heart of the city lies on the relatively flat land to the west of the head of the Otago Harbour. Otago Harbour is the natural harbour of Dunedin, New Zealand, consisting of a long much-indented stretch of generally navigable water separating Otago Here is The Octagon - once a gully, it was filled in the mid nineteenth century to create the present plaza. The Octagon is the city centre of Dunedin, in the South Island of New Zealand. The initial settlement of the city took place to the south on the other side of Bell Hill, a large outcrop which had to be reduced in order to provide easy access between the two parts of the settlement. The central city stretches away from this point in a largely northeast-southwest direction, with the main streets of George Street and Princes Street meeting at The Octagon. George Street is the main street of Dunedin, the second largest city in the South Island of New Zealand. Here they are joined by Stuart Street, which runs orthogonal to them, from the Dunedin Railway Station in the southeast, and steeply up to the suburb of Roslyn in the northwest. Stuart Street is one of the main streets of Dunedin, New Zealand. Possibly the best-known building in the southern half of New Zealand 's South Island, Dunedin Railway Station is a jewel in the country's architectural crown Many of the older, more established buildings in the city are located in the southern part of this area and on the inner ring of lower hills which surround the central city (most of these hills, such as Maori Hill, Pine Hill, and Maryhill, rise to some 200 metres (660 ft) above the plain).

Dunedin is home to Baldwin Street, which, according to the Guinness Book of Records, is the steepest street in the world. Baldwin Street, in a suburban part of New Zealand 's southern city of Dunedin, is reputed to be the world's steepest Street. Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and in previous U Its gradient is 1 in 2. 9. ^[29] The long since abandoned Maryhill Cablecar route had a similar gradient close to its Mornington depot. A cable car or cable railway is a Mass transit system using rail cars that are propelled by a continuously moving cable running at a constant speed

Beyond the inner range of hills lie Dunedin's outer suburbs, notably to the northwest, beyond Roslyn. This direction contains Taieri Road and Three Mile Hill, which between them formed the original road route to the Taieri Plains. The Taieri Plains are an area of fertile agricultural land to the southwest of Dunedin, in Otago, New Zealand. The modern State Highway 1 follows a different route, passing through Caversham in the west and out past Saddle Hill. State Highway 1 is the most significant road in the New Zealand roading network. Lying between Saddle Hill and Caversham are the outer suburbs of Green Island and Abbotsford. Green Island is an island off the coast of Dunedin, New Zealand, also the name of one of the city's suburbs Between Green Island and Roslyn lies the steep-sided valley of the Kaikorai Stream, which is today a residential and light industrial area. Suburban settlements – mostly regarded as separate townships – also lie along both edges of the Otago Harbour. Notable among these are Portobello and Macandrew Bay, on the Otago Peninsula coast, and Port Chalmers on the opposite side of the harbour. Portobello is a village beside the Otago Harbour halfway along the Otago Peninsula in Dunedin City, New Zealand. The Otago Peninsula is a long rugged indented finger of land that forms the easternmost part of Dunedin New Zealand. Port Chalmers is the main port of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Port Chalmers provides Dunedin's main deep-water port, including the city's container port. Containerization (or containerisation) is a system of Intermodal freight transport Cargo Transport using standard ISO containers

The Dunedin skyline is dominated by a ring of (traditionally seven) hills which form the remnants of a volcanic crater. Notable among them are Mount Cargill (700 m/2,300 ft), Flagstaff (680 m/2,230 ft), Saddle Hill (480 m/1,570 ft), Signal Hill (390 m/1,280 ft), and Harbour Cone (320 m/1,050 ft)^[30]. Mount Cargill (in Māori: Kapuka-taumahaka is a 680 metre high volcanic outcrop which dominates the skyline of northern Dunedin, New Zealand. Signal Hill is a prominent landform in the city of Dunedin, New Zealand.

Hinterland

The hinterland within Dunedin city encompasses a variety of different landforms. To the southwest lie the Taieri Plains, the broad, fertile lowland floodplains of the Taieri River and its major tributary the Waipori. The Taieri Plains are an area of fertile agricultural land to the southwest of Dunedin, in Otago, New Zealand. The Taieri River is the fourth-longest river in New Zealand, and is located in Otago in the country's South Island. The Waipori River is located in Otago in the South Island of New Zealand. These are moderately heavily settled, and contain the towns of Mosgiel, East Taieri, and Allanton^[31]. Mosgiel (pronounced \MOZZ-geel\ population 10000 a suburb of the city of Dunedin in Otago ( New Zealand) lies 15 kilometres southwest Allanton is a small town in Otago, New Zealand, located some 20 kilometres southwest of Dunedin on State Highway 1. They are separated from the coast by a range of low hills rising to some 300 metres (980 ft). Inland from the Taieri Plain is rough hill country. Close to the plain, much of this is forested, notably around Berwick and Lake Mahinerangi, and also around the Silverpeaks Range which lies northwest of the Dunedin urban area^[32]. Berwick is a small farming community on the banks of the Waipori River in New Zealand. Lake Mahinerangi is a small hydroelectric Lake formed by a dam on the Waipori River 35 kilometres to the west of Dunedin in New Zealand The Silverpeaks is an area of rough Forest and scrub covered hill country inland and to the northwest of Dunedin, New Zealand. Beyond this, the land becomes drier and opens out into grass and tussock-covered land. Tussock, referred to as " Bunch grass " in some countries is the common name for a number of Grass species A high, broad valley, the Strath-Taieri lies in Dunedin's far northwest, containing the town of Middlemarch, one of the area's few concentrations of population. The Strath Taieri is a large glacial valley and River Plateau, surrounded by rugged hill ranges located to the north and west of Otago Harbour. Middlemarch is a small town (population 300 within the limits of Dunedin city

To the north of the city's urban area is undulating hill country containing several small, mainly coastal, settlements, including Waitati, Warrington, Seacliff and Waikouaiti. Seacliff comprises a beach an estate and a harbour It lies 4 miles east of North Berwick, East Lothian, Scotland. History An 1826 sketch of the coast north of Otago (made in May 1826 shows the 'Karitane' and 'Waikouaiti' coast State Highway 1 winds steeply through a series of hills here, notably the Kilmog ^[33]. State Highway 1 is the most significant road in the New Zealand roading network. The Kilmog (occasionally Kilmog Hill) is a hilly area approximately 20 kilometres north of Dunedin, New Zealand, on State Highway 1, to the north These hills can be considered a coastal extension of the Silverpeaks Range.

To the east, Dunedin City includes the entirety of the Otago Peninsula, a long finger of land that formed the southeastern rim of the Dunedin Volcano^[34]. The Otago Peninsula is a long rugged indented finger of land that forms the easternmost part of Dunedin New Zealand. The peninsula is lightly settled, almost entirely along the harbour coast, and much of it is maintained as a natural habitat by the Otago Peninsula Trust. The peninsula contains several fine beaches, and is home to a considerable number of rare species, such as penguins, seals, and shags. Penguins ( order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless Birds living almost Pinnipeds ("fin-feet" lit "winged feet" or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine Mammals comprising The Bird family Phalacrocoracidae is represented by some 40 Species of cormorants and shags. Most importantly, it contains the world's only mainland breeding colony of Royal Albatross, at Taiaroa Head on the peninsula's northeastern point. Taiaroa Head is a headland at the end of the Otago Peninsula in New Zealand, overlooking the mouth of the Otago Harbour.

List of suburbs

Inner suburbs

(clockwise from the city centre, starting at due north)
Woodhaugh; Glenleith; Ross Creek; Dalmore; Pine Hill; Mt Cargill; Normanby; Mt Mera; North East Valley; Opoho; Dunedin North; Ravensbourne; Highcliff; Shiel Hill; Waverley; Vauxhall; Ocean Grove (Tomahawk); Tainui; Andersons Bay; Musselburgh; South Dunedin; St Kilda; St Clair; Corstorphine; Kew; Forbury; Caversham; Concord; Maryhill; Mornington; Kaikorai Valley; Belleknowes; Roslyn; Kaikorai; Wakari; Maori Hill; Anderson's Bay; Halfway Bush; Fernhill; Kenmure.

Outer suburbs

(clockwise from the city centre, starting at due north)
Burkes; St. Leonards; Broad Bay; Company Bay; Macandrew Bay; Burnside; Green Island; Waldronville; Saddle Hill; Sunnyvale; Fairfield; Abbotsford; Bradford; Glenross; Brockville; Halfway Bush; Helensburgh. Green Island is an island off the coast of Dunedin, New Zealand, also the name of one of the city's suburbs Green Island is an island off the coast of Dunedin, New Zealand, also the name of one of the city's suburbs Green Island is an island off the coast of Dunedin, New Zealand, also the name of one of the city's suburbs

Towns within city limits

(clockwise from the city centre, starting at due north)
Waitati; Waikouaiti; Karitane; Seacliff; Warrington; Purakanui; Long Beach; Aramoana; Deborah Bay; Carey's Bay; Port Chalmers; Sawyers Bay; Roseneath; Otakou; Portobello; Brighton; Taieri Mouth; Henley; Allanton; East Taieri; Momona; Outram; Mosgiel; West Taieri; Waipori; Middlemarch; Hyde. History An 1826 sketch of the coast north of Otago (made in May 1826 shows the 'Karitane' and 'Waikouaiti' coast Seacliff comprises a beach an estate and a harbour It lies 4 miles east of North Berwick, East Lothian, Scotland. This article is about the settlement in Otago For the Canterbury locality see Longbeach New Zealand. Aramoana, also known as "The Spit " to locals is a small coastal settlement 27 kilometres north of Dunedin city in the South Island of Port Chalmers is the main port of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Dunedin is a city of 122000 people in the South Island of New Zealand The principal suburbs of Dunedin are as follows Dunedin is a city of 122000 people in the South Island of New Zealand The principal suburbs of Dunedin are as follows The settlement of Otakou lies within the boundaries of the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. Portobello is a village beside the Otago Harbour halfway along the Otago Peninsula in Dunedin City, New Zealand. Brighton is a small seaside town within the city limits of Dunedin, in New Zealand 's South Island. Taieri Mouth is a small Fishing Village at the mouth of the Taieri River, New Zealand. Henley is a township on New Zealand 's Taieri Plains, presumably named after the rowing centre Henley-on-Thames in England. Allanton is a small town in Otago, New Zealand, located some 20 kilometres southwest of Dunedin on State Highway 1. Momona is a small town in New Zealand 's South Island. It is located in the centre of the fertile Floodplain of the Taieri River (the Taieri Outram is a small town in Otago, New Zealand, with a population of 642 (2006 Census Mosgiel (pronounced \MOZZ-geel\ population 10000 a suburb of the city of Dunedin in Otago ( New Zealand) lies 15 kilometres southwest Waipori may refer to either The Waipori River in Otago in the South Island of New Zealand, or to Lake Waipori Middlemarch is a small town (population 300 within the limits of Dunedin city Hyde is a locality in Otago, New Zealand, located in the Strath-Taieri.

Technically, since local council reorganisation in the late 1980s, these are suburbs, but it is rare for Dunedinites to describe these places as suburbs. They are usually regarded locally as towns or townships, and none has the usual qualities associated with suburbs. All are separated by a considerable distance of open countryside from the central Dunedin urban area.

Climate

The climate of Dunedin in general is temperate, however the city is recognised as having a large number of microclimates and the weather conditions often vary between suburbs mostly due to the city's topographical layout. It is also greatly modified by its proximity to the ocean. This leads to warm summers and cool winters. Winter can be frosty, but significant snowfall is uncommon (perhaps every two or three years), except in the inland hill suburbs such as Halfway Bush and Wakari, which tend to receive a few days of snowfall each year. Spring can feature "four seasons in a day" weather, but from November to April it is generally settled and mild. Temperatures during summer can top 30 °C (86 °F), but temperatures in the high 30s are rare. The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724

Dunedin has relatively low rainfall in comparison to many of New Zealand's cities, with only some 750 millimetres (30 in) recorded per year. Despite this fact it is regarded by many as a damp city, probably due to its rainfall occurring in drizzle over a larger number of days (northern centres such as Auckland and Wellington receive more rain overall through heavy downpours on relatively fewer days). Dunedin is one of the cloudiest centres in the country, recording approximately 1650 hours of bright sunshine per annum ^[35] Prevailing winds in the city come from two directions, with cool, damp southerlies tending to alternate with warmer, dry Foehn winds from the northwest. The Nor'west arch is a weather pattern peculiar to the east coast of New Zealand 's South Island. The circle of hills surrounding the inner city shelters the inner city from much of Otago's prevailing weather, often resulting in the main urban area having completely different weather conditions to the rest of Otago.

Inland, beyond the heart of the city, the climate is sub-continental: winters are quite cold and dry, summers hot and dry. Thick freezing ground fogs are common in winter in the upper reaches of the Taieri River's course around Middlemarch, and in summer the temperature frequently reaches into the mid-30s Celsius. The Taieri River is the fourth-longest river in New Zealand, and is located in Otago in the country's South Island. Middlemarch is a small town (population 300 within the limits of Dunedin city

Transport

See also: Public transport in Dunedin

Dunedin features the world's most southern motorway, the ten-kilometre (6. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the Public transport in Dunedin, New Zealand is mainly by Bus. Four bus companies operate routes under their respective Brands but Motorway is a term for both a type of Road and a classification or designation 2 mi) section of State Highway One (SH1) from the centre of the city towards the southern suburb of Mosgiel. The New Zealand State Highway network is the major national highway network in New Zealand. Mosgiel (pronounced \MOZZ-geel\ population 10000 a suburb of the city of Dunedin in Otago ( New Zealand) lies 15 kilometres southwest Dunedin is the northeastern terminus of the Southern Scenic Route tourist highway to The Catlins, Invercargill and Fiordland. The Southern Scenic Route is a tourist highway in New Zealand linking Te Anau and Dunedin via Fiordland, Invercargill and Geography The Catlins area covers some 1900 km² (730 sq mi and forms a rough triangular shape extending up to 50 km (30 mi inland and along a stretch Invercargill ( Waihōpai in Māori) is the southernmost and westernmost city in New Zealand, and one of the southernmost cities in the world Fiordland is a geographic region of New Zealand that is situated on the south-western corner of the South Island.

Although Dunedin's railway station, once the nation's busiest, is no longer served by regular commercial passenger trains, it is used by local tourist services. Possibly the best-known building in the southern half of New Zealand 's South Island, Dunedin Railway Station is a jewel in the country's architectural crown The most prominent of these is the Taieri Gorge Limited, a popular and famous train operated daily by the Taieri Gorge Railway along the former Otago Central Railway through the scenic Taieri Gorge. The Taieri Gorge Railway is a railway line and tourist train operation based at Dunedin Railway Station in the South Island of New Zealand. Construction Construction of the Otago Central Branch Railway began in 1877 and the 27-km section to Hindon was opened in 1889 The Taieri Gorge is located on the Taieri River, in the South Island of New Zealand. Taieri Gorge Railway also operates to Palmerston once weekly. for the North Island city see Palmerston North The station is also sometimes visited by excursions organised by other heritage railway societies, and by trains chartered by cruise ships docking at Port Chalmers.

Dunedin International Airport is located southwest of the city on the Taieri Plains at Momona. Dunedin International Airport is an international airport in the Otago province of the South Island of New Zealand, serving Dunedin and The Taieri Plains are an area of fertile agricultural land to the southwest of Dunedin, in Otago, New Zealand. Momona is a small town in New Zealand 's South Island. It is located in the centre of the fertile Floodplain of the Taieri River (the Taieri It is primarily a domestic terminal, with regular flights to and from Auckland, Christchurch, Wellington, Rotorua, Palmerston North, and seasonal flights to and from Queenstown, Wanaka, and Fiordland, but it also has regular international flights arriving from and departing to Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, and Coolangatta. The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country Christchurch (Ōtautahi The largest City in the South Island, it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand Wellington (ˈwælɪŋtən is the Capital of New Zealand, the country's second largest urban area, the Rotorua is a city on the southern shore of Lake Rotorua in the Bay of Plenty region of the North Island of New Zealand, and Rotorua Palmerston North (Te Papa-i-oea is the main city of the Manawatu-Wanganui region of the North Island of New Zealand. Queenstown is a Resort town in Otago in the south-west of New Zealand 's South Island. History The lake was first seen by a European in 1853 Nathanial Chalmers but he was guided by a sketchmap from Chief Te Huruhuru at Waimate Fiordland is a geographic region of New Zealand that is situated on the south-western corner of the South Island. Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 Coolangatta is the southernmost suburb of the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

Media

Print

Local media in Dunedin include the daily newspaper, The Otago Daily Times, which is the country's oldest daily newspaper and is part of the Allied Press group of newspapers. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. The Otago Daily Times, known as the ODT or - less kindly - the oddity is a Newspaper published by Allied Press Ltd in Dunedin New Zealand Allied Press is a New Zealand publishing company based in Dunedin. Allied Press also produces a free weekly community newspaper, The Star. There are several other local weekly and bi-weekly community newspapers, including Fairfax Media's Taieri Herald in Mosgiel, and D Scene published in association with the Ashburton Guardian. Fairfax Media Limited, is one of Australia's largest diversified media companies Mosgiel (pronounced \MOZZ-geel\ population 10000 a suburb of the city of Dunedin in Otago ( New Zealand) lies 15 kilometres southwest The Ashburton Guardian is a daily newspaper published in Ashburton New Zealand according to the Audit Bureau of Circulation in New Zealand it has a readership

Radio and TV

There are numerous local radio stations, among them MediaWorks' local station Radio Dunedin and the University's station, Radio One. Radio Dunedin is a Radio station, broadcasting from Dunedin on 1305 AM and 99 Radio One (also known simply as "The One" is a student Radio station operating from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand Dunedin has one locally-run television station, Channel 9, part of the Allied Press group. Channel 9 Dunedin New Zealand Channel 9 is a regional television station operating in Dunedin, New Zealand. Allied Press is a New Zealand publishing company based in Dunedin.

Panoramas

180° view of Dunedin shot from the hills on the west. Mount Cargill is at the extreme left of picture, and the Otago Peninsula is beyond the harbour to the centre

A panorama from just east of the summit of Mount Cargill. The harbour runs from its entrance near the centre to the city centre on the right, the peninsula beyond. The base of a television mast is at the extreme left and right edges

The view from the summit of Mount Cargill. The base of a television mast can be seen on the left, with the harbour and the peninsula beyond. The city centre is in the middle

The view from the summit of Flagstaff Hill. The city centre is on the right, and Mosgiel on the left. Mount Cargill is slightly right of centre

The view from the summit of Signal Hill. Dunedin CBD can be clearly seen in the center of the image. The Otago Peninsula stretches out to the left

Notable people

Main article: Notable people from Dunedin

Events

Annual events

• January - Whare Flat Folk Festival ends
• January - Southern Festival of Speed classic car road-race
• February - New Zealand Masters Games (Biennial event)
• February - University of Otago & Otago Polytechnic Orientation Weeks
• February - Dunedin Summer Festival
• March - Id Dunedin Fashion Show
• May - Capping Week (University of Otago)
• May - Dunedin Film Festival
• May - Otago Rally
• May - Regent Theatre 24-hour book sale (reputedly the southern hemisphere's largest regularly-held second-hand book sale) [1]
• July - New Zealand International Science Festival (every second year)
• July - Gay Pride Month
• July - Taste Otago Dunedin Food and Wine Festival
• July - Cadbury Chocolate Carnival
• July - International Film Festival
• September - Samstock Music Festival
• October - Otago Festival of the Arts (and Fringe Festival) - every second year (even numbered years)
• October - Rhododendron Week
• December - Santa Parade
• December - Whare Flat Folk Festival begins
• December - New Years Eve Party Octagon

Past events

• 1865 - New Zealand Exhibition (1865)
• 1889 - New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition (1889)
• 1898 - Otago Jubilee Industrial Exhibition (1898)
• 1925 - New Zealand and South Seas International Exhibition (1925)

Notable buildings and landmarks

• Dunedin Railway Station
• Larnach Castle
• Cargill's Castle
• Moana Pool
• Cadbury World
• Olveston
• Speight's Brewery
• Carisbrook
• Otago Boys' High School
• University of Otago Registry Building
• Regent Theatre
• Fortune Theatre
• Municipal Chambers
• Allied Press Building
• Dunedin Public Hospital
• Meridian Mall
• The Octagon

Museums, art galleries, and libraries

• Otago Museum
• Otago Settlers Museum
• Dunedin Public Art Gallery
• Dunedin Public Libraries
• Hocken Library

Churches

• St. Paul's Cathedral
• First Church
• Knox Church
• St. Joseph's Cathedral
• Kaikorai Presbyterian Church
• Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
• Hanover Street Baptist Church — now the Monkey Bar
• Trinity Wesleyan Church — now the Fortune Theatre

Places of education

Tertiary

• University of Otago
• Otago Polytechnic
• Dunedin College of Education
• Dunedin Community College

Secondary

• Otago Boys High School
• Otago Girls High School
• Columba College
• St. Hilda's Collegiate School
• John McGlashan College
• Kavanagh College
• Bayfield High School
• Logan Park High School
• Kaikorai Valley College
• King's High School
• Queen's High School
• Taieri College

Sport

Major teams

• The Highlanders - Super 14 rugby team
• Otago Rugby Football Union - Air New Zealand Cup rugby
• Otago Volts and Otago Sparks - men's and women's cricket teams
• Otago Rebels - The National Bank Cup netball team
• Otago United - football (soccer) team in the New Zealand Football Championship
• Otago Nuggets - National Basketball League basketball team

Major grounds and stadia

• Carisbrook
• University Oval
• The Edgar Centre
• Dunedin Stadium
• Logan Park

Twinning

Dunedin is twinned with several cities throughout the world. The Highlanders (formerly known as Otago Highlanders) are a New Zealand Rugby union team based in Dunedin that compete in the Super 14. The Super 14 is the largest Rugby union football club championship in the Southern hemisphere, consisting of four state teams from Australia (Queensland/Reds The Otago Rugby Football Union' (ORFU is the governing body of Rugby union in the region of Otago in the South Island of New The Air New Zealand Cup is New Zealand 's professional domestic Rugby union competition The Otago Volts are a first class Cricket team representing the Otago Cricket Association one of six major associations that make up New Zealand Cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries Otago Rebels was the franchise which represented Otago in the National Bank Cup ( Netball) New Zealand. The National Bank Cup was New Zealand 's principal Netball competition Netball is a non-contact team Sport similar to and derived from Basketball. Otago United is a Soccer club based in Dunedin, New Zealand. It participates in the New Zealand Football Championship. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered The New Zealand Football Championship (NZFC is the national football league in New Zealand. The Otago Nuggets are a basketball team that play in the National Basketball League in New Zealand The National Basketball League (NBL is New Zealand 's top domestic Basketball competition Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Carisbrook is a major sporting venue in Dunedin, New Zealand. The University Oval is an oval sports ground located at Logan Park Dunedin, New Zealand, owned by the Dunedin City Council. The Edgar Centre is a large multi-purpose indoor sports venue in Dunedin, New Zealand, on the shore of Otago Harbour close to Andersons Bay Inlet Logan Park is a sporting venue in the city of Dunedin, New Zealand. These include:

Trivia

• Dunedin was the city in which Speights beer was first brewed. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located is a city and port located in Shiribeshi, Hokkaidō, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Portsmouth is an Independent city located in the US Commonwealth of Virginia. The Commonwealth of Virginia ( is an American state The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Speight's is a Brewery in Dunedin New Zealand. It is famous for its promotional branding based on being 'a real southern man' and being 'the pride of the south'
• In the H. P. Lovecraft horror classic The Call of Cthulhu, the evil cult expedition into the Pacific to awaken the dark god Cthulhu sets out from Dunedin. Howard Phillips Lovecraft ( August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937) was an American author of horror, fantasy For the 2005 film see The Call of Cthulhu (film. " The Call of Cthulhu " is one of H

Further reading

• Herd, J. & Griffiths, G. J. (1980). Discovering Dunedin. Dunedin: John McIndoe. ISBN 0-86868-030-3.
• Smallfield, J. & Heenan, B. (2006) Above the belt: A history of the suburb of Maori Hill. Dunedin: Maori Hill History Charitable Trust. ISBN 1-877139-98-X.

Notes

References

External links

• City of Dunedin official website
• Dunedin travel guide from Wikitravel
• LiveDunedin - Art, Culture and Lifestyle events in Dunedin (weekly listing)
• Profiles of relevant websites categorised geographically
• Tourism Dunedin
• Dunedin Directory and Information website
• Dunedin Street Map