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Duncan Edwards
Personal information
Full name Duncan Edwards
Date of birth 1 October 1936(1936-10-01)
Place of birth    Dudley, England
Date of death    21 February 1958 (aged 21)
Place of death    Munich, Germany
Height 5 ft 11 in (1. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dudley ( is a large town in the West Midlands, England, with a population of 194919. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. 80 m)
Playing position Wing half
Youth clubs
1952–1953 Manchester United
Senior clubs1
Years Club App (Gls)*
1953–1958 Manchester United 151 (20)   
National team
1955–1958 England 018 0(5)

1 Senior club appearances and goals
counted for the domestic league only. For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football
* Appearances (Goals)

Duncan Edwards (1 October 1936 – 21 February 1958) was an English footballer who played for Manchester United and the England national team. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football He was one of the Busby Babes, the young United team formed under manager Matt Busby in the mid 1950s, and one of eight players who died as a result of the Munich air disaster. The Busby Babes were a group of Manchester United players recruited and trained by the club's assistant manager Jimmy Murphy, who progressed from the club's youth Sir Alexander Matthew "Matt" Busby CBE KCSG (26 May 1909 – 20 January 1994 was a Scottish football player and manager most noted The Munich air disaster took place on 6 February 1958 when British European Airways Flight 609 crashed on its third attempt to take off from a Slush -covered runway at Munich-Riem

Born in Dudley, Edwards signed for Manchester United as a teenager and went on to become the youngest player to play in the Football League First Division and the youngest England player since the Second World War. Dudley ( is a large town in the West Midlands, England, with a population of 194919. The Football League First Division was the highest division of The Football League between 1993 and 2004 and the highest division of English football overall between World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including In a professional career of less than five years he helped United to win two Football League championships and reach the semi-finals of the European Cup. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs Although he survived the crash of the team's aeroplane at Munich in February 1958, he died as a result of his injuries 15 days later. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany.

Contents

Biography

Early years

Edwards was born on 1 October 1936 at a house on Malvern Crescent in the Woodside district of Dudley,[1] which at the time was part of the county of Worcestershire. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Woodside is a residential area of Dudley in the West Midlands of England. Dudley ( is a large town in the West Midlands, England, with a population of 194919. Worcestershire (ˈwʊstəʃə abbreviated Worcs) is a county located in the West Midlands region of central England. [2] He was the first child of Gladstone and Sarah Anne Edwards and their only child to survive to adulthood, his younger sister Carol Anne dying in 1947 at the age of 14 weeks. [3] The family later moved to Elm Road on the Priory Estate, also in Dudley, where Edwards attended Priory Primary School and Wolverhampton Street Secondary School. The Priory Estate is a Housing estate in Dudley, West Midlands, England. [4] He played football for his school as well as for Dudley Schools, Worcestershire and Birmingham and District teams,[5] and also represented his school at morris dancing. A morris dance is a form of English Folk dance usually accompanied by music [6] He was selected to compete in the National Morris and Sword Dancing Festival, but was also offered a trial for the English Schools Football Association's under-14 team, which fell on the same day, and opted to attend the latter. The FA Logojpg]] ---- The English Schools Football Association is the governing body of schools' football in England, and is responsible for the running and [7]

Edwards impressed the selectors and was chosen to play for the English Schools XI, making his debut against the equivalent team from Wales at Wembley Stadium on 1 April 1950. original Wembley Stadium was a football Stadium in Wembley, a suburb of north-west London, standing on the site now occupied by the Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was soon appointed captain of the team, a position he held for two seasons. [8][9] By this stage he had already attracted the attention of major clubs, with Manchester United scout Jack O'Brien reporting back to manager Matt Busby in 1948 that he had "today seen a 12-year-old schoolboy who merits special watching. Sir Alexander Matthew "Matt" Busby CBE KCSG (26 May 1909 – 20 January 1994 was a Scottish football player and manager most noted His name is Duncan Edwards, of Dudley". [8]

Joe Mercer, who was then coaching the England schools team, urged Busby to sign Edwards, who was also attracting interest from Wolverhampton Wanderers and Aston Villa. Joseph 'Joe' Mercer, OBE ( 9 August 1914 - 9 August 1990) was an English football player and manager [10] Edwards signed for United as an amateur on 2 June 1952,[11] but accounts of when he signed his first professional contract vary. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Some reports state that it occurred on his 17th birthday in October 1953,[12][13][14] but others contend that it took place a year earlier. [4][15][16] Those accounts that favour the earlier date usually state that a club official, either Busby himself or coach Bert Whalley, arrived at the Edwards family home soon after midnight to secure the youngster's signature as early as possible, but other reports claim that this occurred when he signed his amateur contract. Herbert "Bert" Whalley ( 6 August 1912 - 6 February 1958) was a professional footballer for Manchester United from 1935 till [17] Wolves manager Stan Cullis was indignant at missing out on a highly touted local youngster and accused United of improperly offering financial inducements to Edwards or his family, but Edwards maintained that he had always wanted to play for the Lancashire team. Stan Cullis ( 25 October 1916 - 28 February 2001) was a football player and manager most notably for Wolverhampton Wanderers Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea [18] To guard against the possibility that he might not make a success of his football career, he also began an apprenticeship as a carpenter. A carpenter (builder is a skilled craftsman who performs carpentry - a wide range of Woodworking that includes constructing buildings, [19]

Football career

Edwards began his Manchester United career in the youth team and made several appearances for the team that won the first ever FA Youth Cup in 1953,[20] but by the time of the final had already made his debut for the first team. The Football Association Youth Challenge Cup is an English football competition run by The Football Association for under-18 sides On 4 April 1953 he played in a Football League First Division match against Cardiff City, which United lost 4–1,[21] aged just 16 years and 185 days, making him the youngest player ever to play in the top division. Events 1581 - Francis Drake completes a circumnavigation of the world and is knighted by Elizabeth I. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Football League First Division was the highest division of The Football League between 1993 and 2004 and the highest division of English football overall between Cardiff City Football Club (Clwb Pêl-droed Dinas Caerdydd is a football team based in Cardiff, Wales. [22] Mindful of the fact that his team contained a large number of relatively old players, Busby was keen to bring new young players through the ranks, and Edwards, along with the likes of Dennis Viollet and Jackie Blanchflower, was among a number of youngsters introduced to the team during 1953, who came to be known collectively as the Busby Babes. Dennis Sydney Viollet ( 20 September 1933 &ndash 6 March 1999) was an English footballer Career Viollet joined Jackie Blanchflower ( 7 March 1933 &ndash 2 September 1998) was a Northern Irish football player The Busby Babes were a group of Manchester United players recruited and trained by the club's assistant manager Jimmy Murphy, who progressed from the club's youth [8] Reviewing his performance on his first team debut the Manchester Guardian newspaper commented that "he showed promise of fine ability in passing and shooting, but will have to move faster as a wing half". The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. [23]

The 1953–54 season saw Edwards emerge as a regular in the United first team. [12] After impressing in a friendly against Kilmarnock he replaced the injured Henry Cockburn for the away match against Huddersfield Town on 31 October 1953,[24] and went on to appear in 24 league matches as well as United's FA Cup defeat to Burnley. Kilmarnock Football Club is a Scottish football team based in the town of Kilmarnock, Ayrshire. Henry Cockburn ( 14 September 1923 in Ashton under Lyne, Lancashire – 2 February 2004) was an English professional Huddersfield Town Football Club is an English football club formed in 1908 and based in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after Burnley Football Club, nicknamed The Clarets, is a professional football club managed by Owen Coyle and based in Burnley, Lancashire [25][26] Nonetheless he was also still an active part of the youth team and played in the team which won the Youth Cup for the second consecutive season. [3] He made his first appearance for the national under-23 team on 20 January 1954 in Italy,[27] and was considered for inclusion in the full England team, but on the day when the selection committee watched him in action, against Arsenal on 27 March, he gave a poor performance and was not called up. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates [28] The following season he made 36 first team appearances and scored his first senior goals, finishing the season with six to his name. [25] His performances revived calls for him to be selected for the senior England team, and a member of the selection committee was despatched to watch him play against Huddersfield Town on 18 September 1954, but nothing came of it in the short term,[29] although he was selected for a Football League XI which played an exhibition match against a Scottish League team. Huddersfield Town Football Club is an English football club formed in 1908 and based in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire. Events 96 - Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor after Domitian is assassinated Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) Founding members The Scottish League's first season of competition was in 1890-91. [30] In March he played for England B against an equivalent team from Germany and, despite being criticised in the press for his "poor showing",[31] was called up for the full national team a week later. England B is a secondary football team run occasionally as support for the England national football team. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. He made his debut in a match against Scotland on 2 April 1955 in the British Home Championship aged 18 years and 183 days, making him England's youngest debutant since the Second World War, a record which stood until Michael Owen made his England debut in 1998. The Scotland national football team represents Scotland in international football and is controlled by the Scottish Football Association. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The British Home Championship (also known as the Home International Championship) was an annual football competition contested between the United Kingdom World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Michael James Owen (born 14 December 1979 in Chester, Cheshire) is an English football player who currently plays for and captains Newcastle United [8][15] Three weeks later, United took advantage of the fact that he was still eligible for the youth team to select him for the club's third consecutive FA Youth Cup final. The decision to field an England international player in the youth team was heavily criticised, and Matt Busby was forced to pen a newspaper article defending Edwards' selection, which paid off for United as the player was instrumental in a third Youth Cup win. [32]

In May 1955 Edwards was selected for the England squad which travelled to mainland Europe for matches against France, Portugal and Spain, starting all three matches. The French national football team represents the nation of France in international football. The Portugal national football team is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF finishing 4th at the last World Cup. The Spanish National Football Team, commonly referred to as La Selección, is the national football team of Spain and is controlled by the es [[Spanish [33][34][35] Upon returning from the tour, he began a two-year stint in the army, which was compulsory at the time for all men of his age under the National Service scheme. "National Service" redirects here For national service in other countries see National service. [36] He was stationed at Nesscliffe near Shrewsbury along with team-mate Bobby Charlton, but was allowed leave to play for United. Nesscliffe is a village in Shrewsbury and Atcham borough in Shropshire, England. Shrewsbury ( /ˈʃruːzbri/ or /ˈʃroʊzbri/ is the County town of Shropshire, in the West Midlands region of England Sir Robert "Bobby" Charlton, CBE (born 11 October 1937 in Ashington, Northumberland) is a former English Professional [37] He also took part in army matches, and in one season played nearly one hundred matches in total. [38] In the 1955–56 season, despite missing nearly two months of action due to a severe bout of influenza,[39] Edwards played 33 times as United won the championship of the Football League by a margin of 11 points from Blackpool. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs Blackpool Football Club are an English football club founded in 1887 and located in the Lancashire seaside town of Blackpool. [25][40] The following season he made 34 league appearances, taking his total past the 100 mark, as United won a second consecutive league title,[25][41] and was also in the team that contested the 1957 FA Cup Final, in which United missed out on the Double after a 2–1 defeat to Aston Villa. The 1957 FA Cup Final was a football match played on 4 May 1957 at Wembley. The Double is a term in football, which refers to winning a country's top tier division and its primary cup competition in the same season [42] He also made seven appearances during United's first ever foray into the European Cup,[25] including a 10–0 win over Anderlecht which remains the club's biggest ever margin of victory. Royal Sporting Club Anderlecht, usually known as Anderlecht or RSCA, is a Belgian football club from Anderlecht, in the Brussels [43] By now he was also a regular in the England team, featuring in all four of England's qualifying matches for the 1958 FIFA World Cup and scoring two goals in the 5–2 win over Denmark on 5 December 1956. The 1958 FIFA World Cup, the sixth staging of the World Cup was hosted by Sweden from June 8 to June 29. The Denmark national football team is controlled by the Danish Football Association and has represented the country of Denmark in international football Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [44][45] He was expected to be a key player for England in the World Cup finals, and was seen as a likely candidate to replace the veteran Billy Wright as national team captain. William Ambrose "Billy" Wright, CBE (6 February 1924 – 3 September 1994 was an English footballer, who spent his whole career at Wolverhampton [46][47]

Edwards began the 1957–58 season in good form and rumours abounded that top Italian clubs were seeking to sign him. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest [48] His final match in England took place on 1 February 1958, when he scored the opening goal to help United defeat Arsenal 5–4. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [49] The press were critical of his performance, with the Sunday Pictorial's correspondent writing that he did not "think [Edwards'] display in this thrilling game would impress England team manager Walter Winterbottom, who was watching. Sir Walter Winterbottom, CBE ( 31 January 1913 in Oldham, England &ndash 16 February 2002) was manager of the He was clearly at fault for Arsenal's fourth goal when, instead of clearing, he dallied on the ball". [50] Five days later he played his last ever match as United drew 3–3 away to Red Star Belgrade to progress to the semi-finals of the European Cup by an aggregate score of 5–4. [51]

Death

For more details on this topic, see Munich air disaster. The Munich air disaster took place on 6 February 1958 when British European Airways Flight 609 crashed on its third attempt to take off from a Slush -covered runway at Munich-Riem
Edwards is buried in Dudley Cemetery, and his grave still attracts many tributes from fans.
Edwards is buried in Dudley Cemetery, and his grave still attracts many tributes from fans.

Returning home from Belgrade, the aeroplane carrying Edwards and his team mates crashed on takeoff after a refuelling stop in Munich, Germany. Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. [52] Seven players and 14 other passengers died at the scene,[52] and Edwards was taken to the Rechts der Isar Hospital with multiple leg fractures, fractured ribs and severely damaged kidneys. The Rechts der Isar Hospital is a hospital in the Haidhausen district of Munich, Germany. [53][54] The doctors treating him were confident that he stood some chance of recovery, but were doubtful that he would ever be able to play football again. [55]

Doctors had an artificial kidney rushed to the hospital for him the following day, but the artificial organ reduced his blood's ability to clot and he began to bleed internally. Artificial kidney is often a Synonym for Hemodialysis, but may also more generally refer to renal replacement therapies (with exclusion of Renal [56] Despite this it is said that he asked assistant manager Jimmy Murphy "What time is the kick off against Wolves, Jimmy? I mustn't miss that match". James Patrick "Jimmy" Murphy (27 October 1910 Pentre, Rhondda - 14 November 1989 Manchester) was a football player and later a manager [57] Doctors were "amazed" at his fight for life,[56] but after a long struggle he died of kidney failure on 21 February 1958. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [54][58]

Edwards was buried at Dudley Cemetery five days later,[59] alongside his sister Carol Anne. Dudley Cemetery is the place where former Manchester United F [60] More than 5,000 people lined the streets of Dudley for his funeral. [61] His tombstone reads: "A day of memory, Sad to recall, Without farewell, He left us all",[62] and his grave is regularly visited by fans. [63]

Legacy

A street in Dudley was named in honour of Edwards.
A street in Dudley was named in honour of Edwards.

Edwards is commemorated in a number of ways in his home town of Dudley. A stained-glass window depicting the player was unveiled in St Francis's Church, the parish church for the Priory Estate, by Matt Busby in 1961,[3] and a statue in the town centre was dedicated by his mother and Bobby Charlton in 1999. The Priory Estate is a Housing estate in Dudley, West Midlands, England. Sir Robert "Bobby" Charlton, CBE (born 11 October 1937 in Ashington, Northumberland) is a former English Professional [64] In 1993 a cul-de-sac of housing association homes near to the cemetery in which he is buried was named "Duncan Edwards Close". Housing associations in the United Kingdom are independent not-for-profit bodies that provide low-cost "social housing" for people in housing [60] The Wren's Nest pub on the Priory Estate, near where he grew up, was renamed "The Duncan Edwards" in honour of him in 2001, but it closed within five years and was subsequently destroyed by arsonists. The Priory Estate is a Housing estate in Dudley, West Midlands, England. [65] In 2006 a £100,000 games facility was opened in Priory Park, near Edwards' childhood home, in his memory. [66]

Contemporaries of Edwards have been unstinting in their praise of his abilities. Bobby Charlton described him as "the only player that made me feel inferior" and said his death was "the biggest single tragedy ever to happen to Manchester United and English football". Sir Robert "Bobby" Charlton, CBE (born 11 October 1937 in Ashington, Northumberland) is a former English Professional [67] Terry Venables claimed that, had he lived, it would have been Edwards, not Bobby Moore, who lifted the World Cup trophy as England captain in 1966. Terence Frederick 'Terry' Venables (born 6 January 1943 in Dagenham, London often referred to as ' El Tel', is an English football manager Robert Frederick Chelsea "Bobby" Moore, OBE (12 April 1941 - 24 February 1993 was an English footballer. [53] Tommy Docherty stated that "there is no doubt in my mind that Duncan would have become the greatest player ever. Thomas Henderson Docherty (born Gorbals, Glasgow on 24 April, 1928) usually known as ' Tommy Docherty' or ' The Doc', is Not just in British football, with United and England, but the best in the world. George Best was something special, as was Pelé and Maradona, but in my mind Duncan was much better in terms of all-round ability and skill. George Best (22 May 1946 &ndash 25 November 2005 was a Northern Irish professional football player best known for his years with Manchester United. "[68] In recognition of his talents Edwards was made an inaugural inductee to the English Football Hall of Fame in 2002. The Hall of Fame is housed at The National Football Museum in Preston, England. [69]

Style of play

Physically, he was enormous. He was strong and had a fantastic football brain. His ability was complete - right foot, left foot, long passing, short passing. He did everything instinctively.
–Bobby Charlton[46]

Although he is primarily remembered as a defensive midfielder, Edwards is said to have been able to operate in any outfield position on the field of play. Sir Robert "Bobby" Charlton, CBE (born 11 October 1937 in Ashington, Northumberland) is a former English Professional For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. [8] His versatility was such that on one occasion he started the match playing as an emergency striker in place of one injured player before being switched to central defence in place of another. Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing In the Sport of Association football, each of the eleven players on a team is assigned to a particular position on the field of play [70] His greatest assets were his physical strength and his level of authority on the pitch, which was said to be remarkable for such a young player,[22] and he was particularly noted for his high level of stamina. [59] Stanley Matthews described him as being "like a rock in a raging sea",[71] and Bobby Moore likened him to the Rock of Gibraltar when defending but also noted that he was "dynamic coming forward". Sir Stanley Matthews, CBE ( 1 February 1915 — February 23 2000) was an English football player Robert Frederick Chelsea "Bobby" Moore, OBE (12 April 1941 - 24 February 1993 was an English footballer. The Rock of Gibraltar (sometimes called the Pillar of Hercules or by its Latin name Calpe) is a Monolithic Limestone Promontory [53] His imposing physique earned him the nicknames "Big Dunc" and "The Tank",[63] and he has been ranked amongst the toughest players of all time. [72]

Edwards was noted for the power and timing of his tackles and for his ability to pass and shoot equally well with both feet. [63][73] He was known for his surging runs up the pitch and was equally skilled at heading the ball and at striking fierce long-range shots. [53][74] After scoring a goal against West Germany in 1956 he was given the nickname "Boom Boom" by the local press because of "the Big Bertha shot in his boots". The German national football team (Die deutsche Fußballnationalmannschaft From 1950 to 1990 the team was also informally called West Germany in English as since Big Bertha (Dicke Bertha literal translation "Fat Bertha" is the name of a type of super-heavy Howitzer developed by the famous armaments manufacturer [71][44]

Career statistics

Club performance[25]
Club Season Football League
First Division		 FA Cup European Cup Charity Shield Total
Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Manchester United 1952–53 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1953–54 24 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 25 0
1954–55 33 6 3 0 0 0 0 0 36 6
1955–56 33 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 3
1956–57 34 5 6 1 7 0 1 0 48 6
1957–58 26 6 2 0 5 0 1 0 34 6
Career totals 151 20 12 1 12 0 2 0 177 21


International performance[44]
National team Season Apps Goals
England 1954–55 4 0
1955–56 5 1
1956–57 6 3
1957–58 3 1
Career totals 18 5

Outside football

The cover of Edwards' book Tackle Soccer This Way
The cover of Edwards' book Tackle Soccer This Way

Edwards was a teetotaller and outside football was known as a very private individual, whose interests included fishing, playing cards and visiting the cinema. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs The Football League First Division was the highest division of The Football League between 1993 and 2004 and the highest division of English football overall between The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after The 1952-53 season was the 73rd season of competitive football in England. The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football See also Prohibition, Temperance movement Teetotalism (or T-total is the practice and promotion of complete Abstinence from Alcoholic beverages [75][76][77] Although he attended dances with his team-mates he was never confident in social surroundings. [78] He was described by Jimmy Murphy as an "unspoilt boy" and retained a strong Black Country accent which his team-mates would light-heartedly impersonate. James Patrick "Jimmy" Murphy (27 October 1910 Pentre, Rhondda - 14 November 1989 Manchester) was a football player and later a manager The Black Country is a loosely defined area of the English West Midlands conurbation, to the north and west of Birmingham, and to the south and east of Wolverhampton [3] He was once stopped by the police for riding his bicycle without lights and fined five shillings by the authorities and two weeks' wages by his club. The shilling is a unit of Currency used in current and former Commonwealth countries and was continued to be used in countries that left the commonwealth [79]

At the time of his death Edwards was living in lodgings in Gorse Avenue, Stretford. Stretford (pop 37500 is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford, in Greater Manchester, England [80] He was engaged to be married to Molly Leech, who was 22 years old and worked in the offices of a textile machine manufacturer in Altrincham. Altrincham () is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford, in Greater Manchester, England. The couple met at a function at a hotel at Manchester Airport, dated for a year before becoming engaged, and were godparents to the daughter of Leech's friend Josephine Stott. Manchester Airport is a major Airport in the vicinity of Manchester, England, and the largest airport in the United Kingdom outside the [75]

Edwards appeared in advertisements for Dextrosol glucose tablets and had written a book entitled "Tackle Soccer This Way", commercial endeavours which supplemented his wage of £15 per week during the season and £12 per week during the summer. Glucose (Glc a Monosaccharide (or simple Sugar) also known as grape sugar, is an important Carbohydrate in Biology. [3] The book was published shortly after his death with the approval of his family but is long out of print. [81]

References

Notes

  1. ^ McCartney, p1
  2. ^ Staffordshire Boundary Changes. GENUKI (2001-03-26). Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  3. ^ a b c d e Matt Dickinson. "Tragedy of the golden boy whose talent knew no bounds", The Times, 2008-02-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed  
  4. ^ a b "Duncan Edwards- 50 years on", Dudley News, 2008-01-30. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Retrieved on 2008-02-20. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment  
  5. ^ McCartney, p4
  6. ^ "Your memories of Duncan", Dudley News, 2008-01-30. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  7. ^ McCartney, p5
  8. ^ a b c d e Robert Philip. "Duncan Edwards could have been the greatest", The Daily Telegraph, 2008-02-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed  
  9. ^ "Edwards: The Black Country's greatest", Birmingham Post, 2008-02-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 421 - Constantius III becomes co- Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  10. ^ Brian Viner. "Football: Enduring legend of indomitable Edwards", The Independent, 2001-10-01. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  11. ^ McCartney, p12
  12. ^ a b Legends: Duncan Edwards. Manchester United F. C. . Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  13. ^ McCartney, p25
  14. ^ John Harding (2004-02-06). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Duncan Edwards. The Professional Footballers' Association. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  15. ^ a b "Duncan Edwards tribute exhibition", Express and Star, 2008-01-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy  
  16. ^ Duncan Edwards. The FA. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  17. ^ McCartney, p13
  18. ^ Meek, p100
  19. ^ McCartney, p16
  20. ^ Horne et al, p225
  21. ^ Results/fixtures. Soccerbase. Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed
  22. ^ a b Holt, Lloyd, p140
  23. ^ McCartney, p22
  24. ^ McCartney, pp25–26
  25. ^ a b c d e f Duncan Edwards. stretfordend. co. uk. Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum
  26. ^ Manchester United. The Football Club History Database. Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum
  27. ^ McCartney, p30
  28. ^ McCartney, pp34–36
  29. ^ McCartney, p41
  30. ^ McCartney, p52
  31. ^ McCartney, pp52–53
  32. ^ McCartney, pp56–57
  33. ^ France 1–0 England. The FA. Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation
  34. ^ Spain 1–1 England. The FA. Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation
  35. ^ Portugal 3–1 England. The FA. Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation
  36. ^ McCartney, p59
  37. ^ Simon Greenhalgh. "Charlton remembers his lost team mates", Messenger Newspapers, 2008-02-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Retrieved on 2008-02-21. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland  
  38. ^ Meek, p102
  39. ^ McCartney, pp60–61
  40. ^ Final 1955/1956 English Division 1 (old) Table. Soccerbase. Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum
  41. ^ Final 1956/1957 English Division 1 (old) Table. Soccerbase. Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum
  42. ^ "Broken dreams: United and Villa in a game of two eras", The Independent, 2008-01-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum  
  43. ^ Manchester United all time records. Soccerbase (2008-02-23). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable Retrieved on 2008-02-21. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland
  44. ^ a b c Duncan Edwards. The FA. Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation
  45. ^ England 5–2 Denmark. The FA. Retrieved on 2008-02-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation
  46. ^ a b Bobby Charlton. "Charlton: Duncan Edwards was hard as nails", The Daily Telegraph, 2008-02-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1112 - Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry uniting the fortunes of those two states Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  47. ^ David Meek. "Busby Babes were destined for great things", The Guardian, 2008-02-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum  
  48. ^ McCartney, p105
  49. ^ "Pat Rice recalls United's last match in Britain before the Munich air disaster of 1958", The Daily Mail, 2008-02-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Retrieved on 2008-02-20. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment  
  50. ^ McCartney, p113
  51. ^ "Old International". "United through: excitement aplenty in second half", The Guardian, 1958-02-06. Retrieved on 2008-02-20. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a Dowry payment  
  52. ^ a b 1958: United players killed in air disaster. BBC. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  53. ^ a b c d Charlton remembers 'greatest ever'. Sportsnet. ca (2008-02-01). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  54. ^ a b "Hodgy sheds a tear for mate", Bicester Advertiser, 2008-02-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy  
  55. ^ McCartney, p114
  56. ^ a b McCartney, p117
  57. ^ Wagg et al, p22
  58. ^ "The lost Babes", The Guardian. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy  
  59. ^ a b Nabil Hassan (2008-02-06). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Why Edwards was king. BBC. Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed
  60. ^ a b Peter Madeley (2008-02-04). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Born In Dudley, died at Munich. ESPN. Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  61. ^ McCartney, p121
  62. ^ "The day decency died in our 'beautiful game'", The Daily Mail, 2008-02-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy  
  63. ^ a b c James Robson. "A rock in a raging sea", Manchester Evening News, 2008-02-06. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed  
  64. ^ "Fans adorn statue of Duncan Edwards with a United shirt", The Daily Mail, 2008-02-05. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed  
  65. ^ "“Eyesore” pub set for revamp", Dudley News, 2006-11-16. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  66. ^ "Hero Bobby's back", Stourbridge News, 2006-01-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy  
  67. ^ Greatest England XI - Sir Bobby Charlton. The FA (2003-11-07). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  68. ^ Mike Collett (2008-02-01). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Edwards had everything but time on his side. Reuters. Retrieved on 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy
  69. ^ England Player Honours - National Football Museum Hall of Fame. England Football Online (2004-11-01). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  70. ^ Henry Winter. "Duncan Edwards: Blessed with majesty", The Daily Telegraph, 2008-02-09. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Retrieved on 2008-02-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum  
  71. ^ a b Robert Galvin. Duncan Edwards. The National Football Museum. Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed
  72. ^ Alex Murphy. "Football's 50 greatest hard men", The Times, 2008-02-18. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 3102 BC - Epoch (origin of the Kali Yuga. 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II Holy Retrieved on 2007-08-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great.  
  73. ^ Matt Hale (2008-02-14). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German The Busby Babe. The FA. Retrieved on 2005-07-26. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus
  74. ^ Jonathan Northcroft. "Lost in time - Manchester United's 1958 Busby Babes", The Times, 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German Retrieved on 2008-02-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1112 - Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry uniting the fortunes of those two states  
  75. ^ a b Simon Greenhalgh. "Remembering a legend", Messenger Newspapers, 2008-01-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed  
  76. ^ McCartney, p38
  77. ^ McCartney, p61
  78. ^ McCartney, p39
  79. ^ Simon Mullock. "Dietmar Hamann urges Man City fans to behave for minute's silence", Daily Mirror, 2008-02-10. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Retrieved on 2008-02-14. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  80. ^ Graham Kelly. "FOOTBALL: Rooney's rise mirrored in simpler days of Edwards", The Independent, 2003-04-07. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Retrieved on 2008-02-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne  
  81. ^ Rory Smith. "Busby Babe Duncan Edwards exclusive", Sunday Mirror, 2008-02-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1112 - Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry uniting the fortunes of those two states Retrieved on 2008-02-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed  

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