Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk holding the baton of the Earl Marshal.
Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk holding the baton of the Earl Marshal. Thomas Howard 3rd Duke of Norfolk (1473 – 25 August 1554) was a prominent Tudor politician. Earl Marshal (alternatively Marschal or Marischal) is an ancient chivalric title used separately in England, Ireland and the United

The Duke of Norfolk is the Premier Duke in the peerage of England, and also, as Earl of Arundel, the Premier Earl. The Peerage of England comprises all Peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. The title Earl of Arundel is the oldest extant Earldom and perhaps the oldest extant title in the Peerage of England. The Duke of Norfolk is, moreover, the Earl Marshal and Hereditary Marshal of England. Earl Marshal (alternatively Marschal or Marischal) is an ancient chivalric title used separately in England, Ireland and the United The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the county of Norfolk. Arundel Castle in West Sussex, England is a restored medieval castle Norfolk (ˈnɔrfək is a low-lying county in East Anglia, England, United Kingdom. The current Duke of Norfolk is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk. Edward William Fitzalan-Howard 18th Duke of Norfolk DL (born 2 December 1956) is the son of Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk The dukes have historically been Roman Catholic, a state of affairs known as recusancy in England. In the History of England, recusancy was a term used to describe the statutory offence of not complying with and conforming to the Established church or

All past and present dukes have been descended from Edward I; see Dukes of Norfolk family tree. The following chart is a Family tree of the Dukes of Norfolk, who were members of the Plantagenet, Mowbray and Howard families

Contents

History

John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk

Before the Dukes of Norfolk, there were the Bigod Earls of Norfolk, starting with Roger Bigod from Normandy (died 1107). Earl of Norfolk is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England. Roger Bigod may refer to Roger Bigod 1st Earl of Norfolk (died 1107 Norman knight who had travelled over with William the Conqueror Roger Normandy (Normandie Norman: Normaundie) is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. Their male line ended with Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk, who died without an heir in 1307, so their titles and estates reverted to the crown. Roger Bigod (c 1245 – bf 6 December 1306 was 5th Earl of Norfolk. Edward II then created his brother Thomas of Brotherton earl in 1312. For the play see Edward II (play. For the film see Edward II (film. Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl of Norfolk ( June 1, 1300 &ndash August 4, 1338) was the son of Edward I of England and Marguerite It passed to Thomas's daughter Margaret, and then to her grandson Thomas Mowbray. Margaret Duchess of Norfolk (also Countess of Norfolk, Lady Manny and Lady de Segrave, later construct Plantagenet) (c Thomas de Mowbray 1st Duke of Norfolk (22 March 1366 &ndash 22 September 1399) was an English nobleman

When King Richard II created Thomas Mowbray duke in 1397, he conferred upon him the estates and titles (including Earl Marshal) that had belonged to the earls. Richard II (6 January 1367 &ndash ca 14 February 1400 was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399 Earl Marshal (alternatively Marschal or Marischal) is an ancient chivalric title used separately in England, Ireland and the United His elderly grandmother Margaret was still alive, and so at the same time she was created Duchess of Norfolk for life.

Between 1401 and 1476, the Mowbray family held the title and estates of the Duke of Norfolk. John Mowbray, the 4th duke, died without male issue in 1476, his only surviving child being the 3-year-old Anne Mowbray. Anne de Mowbray 8th Countess of Norfolk, later Duchess of York and Duchess of Norfolk ( 10 December 1472 – 19 November (? 1481 At the age 3, Anne was arranged to marry Richard, Duke of York, the 4-year-old son of King Edward IV of England. Richard of Shrewsbury 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk ( 17 August 1473 &ndash 1483? was the sixth child and second son of King Edward IV of Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October She remained Richard's wife until she died at the age of 8.

In accordance with the marriage arrangements, Richard inherited the lands and wealth of the Mowbray family. He was also made Duke of Norfolk. However, upon the death of Edward IV, controversy over the legitimacy arose, as evidence of an earlier marriage on the part of Edward IV emerged. Soon after their father's death Richard, and his brother Edward, were declared illegitimate. Richard was sent to the Tower of London by the new king, Richard III, in mid-1483, thus ending his claim to both York and Norfolk. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Richard III ( 2 October 1452 &ndash 22 August 1485) was King of England from 1483 until his death

For his support of Richard III's claim to the throne, John Howard, the son of Thomas Mowbray's elder daughter Margaret, was created 1st Duke of Norfolk in 1483, in the title's third creation. John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk (mid-1420s &ndash August 22 1485) was an English nobleman From this point to the present, the title has remained in the hands of the descendants of John Howard.

The current Duke of Norfolk is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk, who succeeded his father, Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk, in 2002. Edward William Fitzalan-Howard 18th Duke of Norfolk DL (born 2 December 1956) is the son of Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk Major-General Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan-Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk, KG, GCVO, CB, CBE, MC DL (

Duties and other titles

In addition to the title of Duke of Norfolk, the Dukes of Norfolk also hold the hereditary position of Earl Marshal, which has the duty of organizing state occasions such as the state opening of parliament. Earl Marshal (alternatively Marschal or Marischal) is an ancient chivalric title used separately in England, Ireland and the United The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories For the last five centuries, save some periods when it was under attainder, both the Dukedom and the Earl-Marshalship have been in the hands of the Howard family. In English Criminal law, attainder or attinctura is the metaphorical 'stain' or 'corruption of blood' which arises from being condemned for a serious Capital According to The House of Lords Act 1999, due to his duties as Earl Marshal, Norfolk is one of only two hereditary peers automatically admitted to the House of Lords, without being elected by the general body of hereditary peers (the other being the Lord Great Chamberlain). The House of Lords Act 1999 (1999 c 34 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that was given Royal Assent on 11 November 1999 The House of Lords is the second house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as "the Lords" The Lord Great Chamberlain of England is the sixth of the Great Officers of State, ranking beneath the Lord Privy Seal and above the Lord High Constable

Additionally, the Duke of Norfolk participates in the ceremony of the State Opening of Parliament. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories He is among the four individuals who precede the monarch, and one of the two of these who walks always facing the sovereign (thus backwards).

As the Earl Marshal, the Duke of Norfolk is head of the College of Arms, through which he regulates all matters connected with armorial bearings and standards, in addition to controlling the arrangements for state functions. The College of Arms, or Heralds' College, is an office regulating Heraldry and granting new Armorial bearings for England, Wales

He is one of three claimants to the title Chief Butler of England. The Chief Butler of England is an office of Grand Sergeanty associated with the feudal Manor of Kenninghall in Norfolk

The Duke of Norfolk currently holds the following subsidiary titles:

All titles are in the Peerage of England, save for the Barony of Howard of Glossop which is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The title Earl of Arundel is the oldest extant Earldom and perhaps the oldest extant title in the Peerage of England. The Earldom of Surrey was first created in 1088 for William de Warenne. Earl of Norfolk is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The title of Baron Beaumont is an ancient one in the Peerage of England, created in 1309 for a younger part of the de Brienne -family The title Baron Mautravers was created in the Peerage of England on January 25, 1330, by writ of summons for John Mautravers. The title Baron Howard of Glossop was created for a younger son of the 13th Duke of Norfolk in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Peerage of England comprises all Peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most Peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801 when All descend to heirs male except the Barony of Beaumont, which can pass in the female line. The style Earl of Arundel is used as a courtesy title by the Duke's eldest son, the present one of which is Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel. A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of Nobility used by children former wives and other close relatives of a peer. Henry Miles Fitzalan-Howard Earl of Arundel (born 3 December 1987) is the elder son and heir apparent of Edward Fitzalan-Howard 18th Duke of Norfolk The style Lord Maltravers is used as a courtesy title by the eldest son of the Duke's eldest son (the Duke's grandson). A courtesy title is a form of address in systems of Nobility used by children former wives and other close relatives of a peer.

Coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk
Coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk

The coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk consist of four different elements: the arms (or shield), the crest(s), the supporters, the motto, and the batons of the Earl Marshal. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people Each will be addressed in turn:

Often, the coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk appears with the garter of the Order of the Garter surrounding the shield, as seen in the arms of Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients Major-General Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan-Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk, KG, GCVO, CB, CBE, MC DL ( However, this is by no means hereditary. His Grace, the 17th Duke of Norfolk did not become a Knight of the Garter until 22 April 1983. The current Duke of Norfolk, His Grace Edward William Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk, has not (yet) been awarded the Order of the Garter. Edward William Fitzalan-Howard 18th Duke of Norfolk DL (born 2 December 1956) is the son of Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard 17th Duke of Norfolk The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients Thus, the Order of the Garter, or any order of knighthood for that matter, is not necessarily a component of the coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients

Howard Augmentation
Howard Augmentation

The shield on the bend in the first quarter of the arms (shown to the right) was granted as an Augmentation of Honour by Henry VIII to Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Flodden Field. In Heraldry, an augmentation is a modification or addition to a coat of arms typically given by a Monarch as either a mere mark of favour or a reward or recognition Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Thomas Howard 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443 &ndash 21 May 1524) was an English soldier and statesman and son of John Howard 1st Duke of Norfolk The Battle of Flodden or Flodden Field was fought in the county of Northumberland, in northern England on September 9, 1513, It is a modification of the Royal coat of arms of Scotland. The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland was the official Coat of arms of the monarchs of Scotland, and were used as the official coat of arms of the Kingdom of Instead of its normal rampant position, the lion is shown with an arrow through its mouth. [1]

Residences

The main residences commonly associated with the Dukes of Norfolk are: Framlingham Castle, Bungay Castle, as well as Clun Castle in Shropshire, which are now largely ruins; Carlton Towers and most notably Arundel Castle. Framlingham Castle is an important castle in the market town of Framlingham, Suffolk, England. Bungay Castle is in the town of Bungay, Suffolk by the River Waveney. Clun Castle is a ruined Castle in the small town of Clun, Shropshire ( Shropshire (ˈʃrɒpʃɪə/ /-ʃə alternatively known as Salop or abbreviated in print only Shrops, is a county in the Carlton Towers is in Carlton (between Selby and Snaith) North Yorkshire, England. Arundel Castle in West Sussex, England is a restored medieval castle

Framlingham Castle was originally a part of the properties of the Earls of Norfolk, but when the title fell from use, the castle was administered by the crown. In 1397, it was given to Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, by King Richard II. And when the Mowbray line became extinct, it passed eventually to the Howard family. Major repairs to this castle were carried out in 1485 by John Howard. The castle would remain in the Howard family, and thus the Dukes of Norfolk, for a while, but would eventually pass from their possession. In 1553, for example, Framlingham was given to Mary Tudor, sister of King Edward VI. Mary I (18 February 1516 &ndash 17 November 1558 was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death Edward VI (12 October 1537 &ndash 6 July 1553 became King of England and Ireland on 28 January 1547 and was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine [1]

Bungay Castle was also originally apart of the properties of the Earls of Norfolk. In 1483, it passed into the possession of the Howards, Dukes of Norfolk, and the family continued to own it, apart from brief periods, until the late 20th century. However, the castle has been in a state of decay for quite some time. And for this reason, the 17th Duke of Norfolk, in 1987 presented the castle to the town, which had already begun restoration attempts on their own, with an endowment towards its preservation. It is now owned and administered by the Castle Trust. [2]

Carlton Towers is in Carlton (near Goole), Yorkshire, England. Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. It is a Victorian gothic country house designed by Edward Welby Pugin. Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began The English country house is generally accepted as a large House or Mansion, once in the ownership of an individual who also usually owned another Great Edward Welby Pugin (1834–1875 was the eldest son of Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin and Louisa Barton It is the Yorkshire home of the Duke of Norfolk. Though the Duke of Norfolk's family still live in part of the house, it is now largely used for wedding receptions and similar events.

The principal seat of the Dukes of Norfolk and their ancestors for over 850 years is Arundel Castle. Arundel Castle in West Sussex, England is a restored medieval castle Built in the 11th Century by Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Arundel, the castle was seized by the crown in 1102. Roger de Montgomerie, known as Roger the Great de Montgomery, was the first Earl of Shrewsbury. The title Earl of Arundel is the oldest extant Earldom and perhaps the oldest extant title in the Peerage of England. King Henry II, who added on to the castle, in 1155 confirmed William d'Aubigny as Earl of Arundel, with the honour and the castle of Arundel. William d'Aubigny 1st Earl of Arundel (c 1109 &ndash September 25, 1176) was son of William d'Aubigny Pincerna (Master Butler of the Royal household Arundel Castle is still to this day the home of The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk and their children. Its Fitzalan Chapel, founded in 1390 by the 4th Earl of Arundel, is still the burial place of the Dukes of Norfolk. [3]

Glossop as an occasional residence is situated in the High Peak District of Derbyshire. As the family became closely connected with Sheffield, The Farm in Glossop became increasingly used, particularly when Henry Howard lived there in the 1760's; when the fourteenth Duke, Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard, enlarged The Farm as an occasional residence; and during the time of the fifteenth Duke, who had interest in the activities of the City.

List of the Dukes of Norfolk

Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk
Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk

The Duchy of Norfolk has gone through three creations: in 1397, when it was the possession of the Mowbray family; in 1477 when it was a duchy of the Duke of York; and in 1483, when it came into possession of the Howard family. The following are the men who have held the title of Duke of Norfolk:

Dukes of Norfolk, first Creation (1397)

Dukes of Norfolk, second Creation (1481)

Dukes of Norfolk, third Creation (1483)

Knights of the Garter

12th Duke of Norfolk shown wearing the star and sash of the Order of the Garter.
12th Duke of Norfolk shown wearing the star and sash of the Order of the Garter. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar)

Many of the Dukes of Norfolk have also been knights of the Order of the Garter. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients The following list is of those Dukes of Norfolk, along with their year of investiture, that were also Knights of the Order of the Garter across all creations of the title. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an Order of chivalry, or Knighthood, originating in Medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients

See also

Further reading

External links

References

  1. ^ Brooke-Little, J.P., FSA [1950] (1978). John Philip Rudolph Dominic Aloysius Mary Brooke-Little CVO, KStJ, FSA, FSG, FHS, FHG (Hon, FRHSC (Hon Boutell's Heraldry, Revised Edition, London: Frederick Warne LTD, p. 125. ISBN 0-7232-2096-4.  
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic