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The Duchy of Parma was created in 1545 from that part of the Duchy of Milan south of the Po River, as a fief for Pope Paul III's illegitimate son, Pier Luigi Farnese, centered on the city of Parma. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in The Duchy of Milan was a state in northern Italy from 1394 to 1797 The United Provinces of Central Italy, also known as Union of Central Italy, Confederation of Central Italy or Government General of Central Italy, Throughout the world there are many cities that were once national Capitals but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist the capital was moved or the capital Parma is a City in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna near Modena famous for its Architecture and the fine countryside around it Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. A state religion (also called an official religion, established church or state church) is a religious body or Creed officially For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or A duke is a member of the Nobility, historically of highest rank below the Sovereign, and historically controlled a Duchy or a Dukedom Pier Luigi Farnese ( November 19, 1503 - September 10, 1547) was the first Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro Robert I (Italian Roberto I Carlo Luigi Maria di Borbone Duca di Parma e Piacenza; July 9, 1848 &ndash November 16, 1907) was the Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Italian Unification ( Italian: il Risorgimento, or "The Resurgence" was the political and social movement that unified different states of the Italian Events in December Union Day of Romania (1 December World AIDS Day ( December 1) National Day of A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is The lira ( Plural: lire) was the distinct currency of Parma before 1802 and again from 1815 to 1859 The Duchy of Milan was a state in northern Italy from 1394 to 1797 The Po ( Latin: Padus, Po Ligurian: Bo, Greek: Eridanus) is a river that flows 652 km(405 miles (682 km by considering Pope Paul III ( February 29, 1468 &ndash November 10, 1549) born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope of the Roman Pier Luigi Farnese ( November 19, 1503 - September 10, 1547) was the first Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro Parma is a City in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna near Modena famous for its Architecture and the fine countryside around it
In 1556, the second Duke, Ottavio Farnese, was given the city of Piacenza, becoming thus also Duke of Piacenza, and so the state was thereafter properly known as the Duchies of Parma and Piacenza. Ottavio Farnese ( 9 October 1521 - September 18 1586) was Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1556 to 1586 and Duke of Castro in 1545-1547 Piacenza ( Placentia in Latin and old-fashioned English, Piasëinsa in the local dialect of Emiliano-Romagnolo) is a
The Farnese family continued to rule until their extinction in 1731, at which point the duchy was inherited by the young son of the King of Spain, Don Charles, whose mother Elizabeth Farnese was the Farnese heiress. For the town in Italy with the same name see Farnese (VT. The Farnese family was an influential family in Renaissance Italy. Year 1731 ( MDCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Philip V of Spain ( December 19, 1683 - July 9, 1746) born Philippe de France, Fils de France and duc d'Anjou Charles III ( January 20, 1716 – December 14, 1788) was King of Spain 1700–88 (as Carlos III King of Naples and Elisabeth of Parma ( October 22, 1692 &ndash July 11, 1766) Queen consort of Spain, also known as Isabel de He ruled until the end of the War of the Polish Succession in 1735, when Parma was ceded to Emperor Charles VI in exchange for the Two Sicilies. The War of the Polish Succession ( 1733 - 1738) was sparked by a Polish Civil war over the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland Year 1735 ( MDCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Charles VI (German Karl VI) ( October 1, 1685 &ndash October 20, 1740) was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( Regno delle Due Sicilie) commonly known as just the Two Sicilies, was the name of a Kingdom in Europe.
The Habsburgs only ruled until the conclusion of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, when it was ceded back to the Bourbons in the person of Don Philip, Don Charles's younger brother. The second Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ( Aachen) of 1748 ended the War of the Austrian Succession. Year 1748 ( MDCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Ancestors Duke of Parma As duke Philip, he became the founder of the House of Bourbon-Parma. The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon.
In 1796, the duchy was occupied by French troops under Napoleon Bonaparte. Year 1796 ( MDCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. In the Treaty of Aranjuez of 1801, duke Ferdinand formally agreed to cede the duchy to Napoleon. The Treaty of Aranjuez was signed on March 21, 1801 between France and Spain. Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday The territories were integrated into the Cisalpine Republic until 1802, the Italian Republic, from 1802 until 1805, and the Kingdom of Italy, from 1805 until 1808, until in 1808 the French Empire annexed them and formed out of them the Département of Taro. The Cisalpine Republic ( Repubblica Cisalpina) was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the The Italian Republic ( Repubblica Italiana) was a short-lived ( 1802 - 1805) Republic, located in Northern Italy. Year 1802 ( MDCCCII) was a Common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or The Kingdom of Italy ( Italian: Regno d'Italia, but also Regno Italico; 17 March 1805 – 11 April Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Empire of the French (1804-1814 also known as the Empire of France, Greater French Empire, First French Empire, French Empire, or In the Terminology of Political geography and Historiography a National department (département departamento is an administrative Taro is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Italy.
In 1814, the duchies were restored under Napoleon's Habsburg wife, Marie Louise, who was to rule them for her lifetime. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Marie Louise of Austria (Maria Luisa von Österreich French: Marie Louise d'Autriche; Italian: Maria Luisa d'Austria; b The duchy was renamed duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla, the name that it retained until the end.
After Marie Louise's death in 1847, the Duchy was restored to the Bourbon-Parma line, which had been ruling the tiny duchy of Lucca. Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The Duchy of Lucca was an Italian state existing from 1815 to 1847. The Bourbons ruled until 1859, when they were driven out by a revolution following the Sardinian victory in their war against Austria. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
The duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla and the duchy of Lucca joined with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the duchy of Modena to form the United Provinces of Central Italy in December 1859, and were annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia in march of 1860. The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (Granducato di Toscana Magnus Ducatus Tusciae was a state in central Italy that existed from 1569 to 1859 replacing the Duchy of Florence The Duchy of Modena (in full the Duchies of Modena and Reggio) was a small Italian state that existed from 1452 to The United Provinces of Central Italy, also known as Union of Central Italy, Confederation of Central Italy or Government General of Central Italy, Kingdom of Sardinia, also known as Piedmont-Sardinia or Sardinia-Piedmont, was the name given to the possessions of the House of Savoy in 1720 when the Year 1860 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year starting
The House of Bourbon continues to claim the title of duke of Parma to this day. Carlos-Hugo (Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne in the 1970s) has held the title since 1977. Carlos Hugo Duke of Parma and Piacenza (born April 8, 1930 in Paris, France) is the current titular Duke of Parma and the head A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays
See also
The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. The Duchy of Parma was a small Italian state between 1545 and 1802 and again from 1814 to 1860 Italy until the present era was a conglomeration of city-states and small independent nations The County of Guastalla was a sovereign state of northern Italy centred on Guastalla.Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic