The Duchy of Cleves (German: Herzogtum Kleve) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany (part of North Rhine-Westphalia) and the Netherlands (parts of Limburg, Noord-Brabant and Gelderland). A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE; German Heiliges Römisches Reich (HRR, Latin Sacrum Romanum Imperium (SRI was a union of territories in Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Limburg ( Dutch: (Nederlands Limburg is the southern-most of the twelve provinces of the Netherlands. North Brabant ( Dutch: Noord-Brabant,) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the south of the country bordered by Belgium Gelderland ( English also Guelders) is a province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country Its territory was situated on both sides of the river Rhine, around its capital Cleves and roughly covering today's districts of Cleves, Wesel and the City of Duisburg. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge Cleves redirects here for the Duchy of Cleves and the conjoined states of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, see those articles Kleve (district or Kreis Kleve ( Cleves in former English use is a Kreis (local-government district in northwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, Wesel (ˈveːzəl is a Kreis (district in the northwestern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Duisburg (ˈdyːsbʊɐ̯k is a German city in the western part of the Ruhr Area ( Ruhrgebiet) in North Rhine-Westphalia.
The County of Cleves (Grafschaft Kleve) was first mentioned in the 11th century. In 1417, the county became a duchy. A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. A duchy is a territory fief, or domain ruled by a Duke or Duchess. Its history is closely related to that of its neighbours: the Duchies of Jülich, Berg and Guelders and the County of Mark. Berg was a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. This article deals with the historical county and duchy of Guelders for other meanings see Gelderland. The County of Mark (Grafschaft Mark colloquially known as Die Mark) was a County of the Holy Roman Empire in the Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle In 1368, Cleves and Mark were united. In 1521 Jülich, Berg, Cleves and Mark formed the united duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg. Jülich-Cleves-Berg was a combination of states of the Holy Roman Empire. Anne of Cleves (1515-1557), Queen Consort of England in 1540, was a daughter of Duke John III. Anne of Cleves Queen of England (22 September 1515&ndash16 July 1557 ( German: Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII John III "The Peaceful", Duke of Kleve - Mark (John III Duke of Cleves John I Duke of Jülich-Berg ( German: Johann III "Der
When the last duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg died issueless in 1609, a war broke out for the succession. The duchy was divided between Palatinate-Neuburg (Jülich and Berg) and Brandenburg (Cleves and Mark) in the Treaty of Xanten (1614). Palatinate-Neuburg (Herzogtum Pfalz-Neuburg is a former state of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505 The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 The Treaty of Xanten (Vertrag von Xanten was signed in the Lower Rhine town of Xanten on November 12, 1614 between Wolfgang William Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg However, large parts of the Duchy of Cleves were occupied by the United Provinces until 1672. "United Netherlands" redirects here For the "Kingdom of the United Netherlands" see United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Part of the Kingdom of Prussia after 1701, Cleves was occupied by France in the Seven Years' War (1757-1762). The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The Seven Years' War (1756&ndash1763 involved all of the major European powers of the period causing 900000 to 1400000 deaths Year 1757 ( MDCCLVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1762 ( MDCCLXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
In 1795 the Duchy of Cleves left of the Rhine and Wesel was occupied by France, and became part of the French département of the Roer. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Wesel (ˈveːzəl is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Executive Directory ( Directoire exécutif) was a body of 5 single-male Directors that held executive power in France following In the Terminology of Political geography and Historiography a National department (département departamento is an administrative Roer is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present day Germany and the Netherlands. The rest of the duchy was occupied between 1803 and 1805, and became part of the département Yssel-Supérieur and the puppet-state Grand Duchy of Berg (after 1811 the département Lippe). 1803 ( MDCCCIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Yssel-Supérieur (Boven IJssel was the name of a département of the First French Empire in the present Netherlands. Berg was a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Lippe is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Germany. In 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon, the duchy became part of the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (after 1822 the Prussian Rhine Province), except for a. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. }The Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (Provinz Jülich-Kleve-Berg was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1815-1822 Year 1822 (MDCCCXXII was a Common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Sunday of the The Rhine Province (Rheinprovinz also known as Rhenish Prussia ( Rheinpreußen) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free o. the cities Gennep, Zevenaar, and Huissen which became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Gennep ( is a Municipality and a City in the southeastern Netherlands. Zevenaar is a Municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. Huissen is a town in Gelderland, The Netherlands and has about 17 United Kingdom of the Netherlands (or Kingdom of the United Netherlands) (1815 - 1830 (1839 (Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden Royaume-Uni des Pays-Bas was the unofficial
Contents |
Rulers of Cleves
Cleves
- 1092-1119 Dietrich I
- 1119-1147 Arnold I
- 1147-1172 Dietrich II
- 1172-1188 Dietrich III
- 1188-1198 Dietrich IV
- 1198-1201 Arnold II
- 1201-1260 Dietrich V
- 1260-1275 Dietrich VI
- 1275-1305 Dietrich VII von Meissen
- 1305-1311 Otto
- 1311-1347 Dietrich VIII
- 1347-1368 Johann
- 1368-1394 Adolf III-see De la Marck family
- 1394-1398 Dietrich IX
Cleves-Mark
- 1398-1448 Adolph IV
- 1448-1481 John I - father of Engelbert, Count of Nevers
- 1481-1521 John II "The Pious"
Cleves-Mark-Jülich-Berg-Ravensberg
- 1511-1539 Johann III "The Peaceful"
- 1539-1592 Wilhelm "The Rich"
- 1592-1609 Johann Wilhelm
External links
- Edicts of Jülich, Cleves, Berg, Grand Duchy Berg, 1475-1815 (Coll. Scotti) online
- Settlement of Dortmund between Brandenburg and Palatinate-Neuburg and the conflict of succession in Jülich, in full text
- Map of the Duchy of Cleves in 1789
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