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Dubno (Ukrainian: Дубно) is a city located on the Ikva River in the Rivne Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. Ukrainian (in Ukrainian украї́нська мо́ва ukrayins'ka mova,) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Rivne Oblast (Рівненська область translit Rivnens’ka oblast’; also referred to as Rivnenshchyna - Рівненщина Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Serving as the administrative center of Dubenskyi Raion (district), the city itself is also designated as a separate raion within the oblast. For the manufactured regenerated fiber see Rayon A raion (or rayon) (райо́н ra'jon rayon раён რაიონი It was home to the Cold War facility Dubno air base. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Dubno (also given as Dubno Northeast) is an air base in Ukraine located 7 km northeast of Dubno.

The current estimated population is around 37,690 (as of 2005). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Contents

History

First mentioned in a chronicle of 1099, when it was in possession of Yaroslav the Wise's grandson David of Brest, Dubno was even a seat of local princes for a short period of time. Yaroslav I the Wise (c 978 in Kiev - February 20, 1054 in Kiev) ( East Slavic: Ярослав Мудрый Christian name In the early 14th century it was annexed by Poland with the rest of Halych-Volynia. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia ( Ruthenian: sla Галицко-Волинскоє Королѣвство Regnum Galiciæ et Lodomeriæ or Galicia-Vladimir, was Later, it became a notable royal stronghold guarding that country's eastern border.

Granted city rights in 1498, the town attracted many foreign settlers, most notably Jewish and Armenian. 'City rights' redirects here See also Municipal charter. Town privileges were important features of European Towns during As such, it became the seat of one of the oldest and most vibrant Jewish communes in Central Europe. Since 14th century owned by the mighty Ostrogski family, who built the first castle there during the times of Vasyl Ostrozhsky. Ostrogski (Ostrogiškiai Острозькі- Ostrozki) was one of the greatest Ruthenian Princely families of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. See also Lithuanian nobility House of Ostrogski List of szlachta Grand Duchy of Lithuania Between 1489 and 1506 the castle was significantly expanded by Konstanty Ostrogski, who made it a modern fortress, one of the strongest in the area. For article about other Konstanty Ostrogoski see Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski (1526-1608 See also Lithuanian nobility

With the death of Janusz Ostrogski in 1619, the last of his kin, the area was inherited by his brother-in-law Aleksander Zasławski of the cadet branch of the Ostrogski family. See also Lithuanian nobility House of Ostrogski Aleksander Zasławski (?-1629 was a Polish-Lithuanian noble, Voivode of Bracław (?-1628 and Voivode of Kiev (1628-1629 About that time it was again modernized to stand up to the standards of renaissance warfare and modernization of artillery. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Artillery (from French artillerie) is a military Combat Arm which employs any apparātus machine Finally, in 1753 it was sold to the Lubomirskis following the Treaty of Zdołbunów. Year 1753 ( MDCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Lubomirski (plural Lubomirscy) is the surname of a Polish Szlachta (nobility family Zdolbuniv (Здолбунів Здолбунов Zdołbunów is a small City in the Rivne Oblast ( province) of western Ukraine.

In the 1780s the castle underwent yet another modernization and was rebuilt as a residential manor, mostly losing its fortified character. By that time, the town was the largest settlement of the Volhynian Voivodship and arguably the most notable centre of the area. Annexed by Imperial Russia in 1795 during the Partitions of Poland, the town initially flourished as the szlachta register was moved there from Lwów. The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Szlachta ( refers to the noble class in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (since 1569 semi-federal semi-confederal Lviv ( Ukrainian: Львів, L’viv, Lwów Lemberg Львов L'vov; see also other names) is a major city in western However, after the third partition it was moved to Kiev and the town lost its importance, gradually falling into neglect. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the In 1870 it was declared a Fortified Town, which imposed serious limitations on settlement and housing construction, further limiting the development. Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common However, it remained a notable centre of commerce, most notably because of numerous Czech settlements around the town, that gave it the nick-name of the brewery of Volhynia. Czechs (Češi ˈt͡ʃɛʃɪ archaic Čechové) are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic

The castle was ruined in 1915 during the World War I. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Retaken by Poland in 1918 and finally granted to that state in the Peace of Riga, it was a seat of a powiat and a notable military garrison of the KOP. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Peace of Riga, also known as the Treaty of Riga; (Ри́жский ми́рный договóр -- Romanisation Rízhsky Mírny dogovór --, Rīgas A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County Border Protection Corps (Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza KOP) was a Polish military unit created in 1924 for defence of the eastern border against armed Soviet In 1935 a large prison was started to be built, the third biggest in Poland at that time. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Between 1932 and 1939 the castle was being rebuilt in its original form, but the works were stopped by the outbreak of World War II. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Occupied by the Soviet Union in the effect of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact of 1939, it was subject to harsh policies of the NKVD. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The NKVD ( НКВД, ru Народный Комиссариат Внутренних Дел ''Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del'') or People's Commissariat The uncompleted prison was taken over by the NKVD in December of 1939 and was used for political prisoners of all parts of Soviet-annexed Poland. The NKVD ( НКВД, ru Народный Комиссариат Внутренних Дел ''Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del'') or People's Commissariat Between 1500 and 3000 prisoners were being kept there in harsh conditions, with new inmates arriving after the previous ones were successively transported to Gulag and other Soviet prisons. The Gulag was the government agency that administered the penal labor camps of the Soviet Union. In 1940 most of the local Poles were arrested and resettled to various Soviet Gulags and prisons throughout the USSR. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Gulag was the government agency that administered the penal labor camps of the Soviet Union. In 1941, following the outbreak of Soviet-German War, on June 24 and June 25, 1941, approximately 550 prisoners of the Dubno prison were executed by the withdrawing NKVD while only 8 of them survived. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Operation Barbarossa ( Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the Codename for Nazi Germany 's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. About that time in the vicinity of the town (and around Lutsk and Brody) a large tank battle was fought. Lutsk (Луцьк translit Luts’k, Łuck is a city located by the Styr River in north-western Ukraine. Brody (Броди Brody Броды Yiddish: בּראָד translit In the Battle of Brody (1941) the German 1st Panzer Group under Ewald von Kleist managed to break the counter-attack by Soviet 9th and 19th Mechanized Corps, and 8th Mechanized Corps. The Battle of Brody ( other names used are Battle of Dubna Battle of Dubno Battle of Rovne Battle of Rovne-Brody etc Ewald von Kleist could refer to Ewald Jürgen Georg von Kleist (ca 8 th Corps Tank Group take Dubno and held him 5 days before is turn back by stronger German forces' (under Konstantin Rokossovski, Nikolay Feklenko and D. Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovskiy (Рокоссо́вский Константи́н Константи́нович Konstanty Ksawerowicz Rokossowski ( &ndash August 3 1968 was I Rybjasev, Commander of 8th Corps Tank group was brigade commisar N. K. Popel, respectively).

Soon afterwards the town was occupied by Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. In 1942 a large ghetto was created there. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Most of the local Jews (roughly 12,000, that is 59% of pre-war inhabitants of the town) were killed in The Holocaust. The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as Most were shot at mass executions by the SS Einsatzgruppe outside town. The ( German for "Protective Squadron" abbreviated SS - or ( Runic)- was a major Nazi organization under Adolf Hitler and the Einsatzgruppen ( German: "task forces" "intervention groups" were Paramilitary groups formed by Heinrich Himmler and A detailed description of the mass murder was given by Hermann Friedrich Graebe at the Nuremberg trials. Herman Friedrich Graebe or Gräbe, ( June 19, 1900 &ndash April 17, 1986) was a German Manager and Engineer The Nuremberg Trials were a series of trials most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political military and economic leadership of Nazi Germany after A young German officer of the German Infanterieregiment 9, Axel von dem Bussche witnessed the executions and reacted by joining the resistance movement against Hitler. Axel Freiherr von dem Bussche-Streithorst ( 24 April 1919 - 26 January 1993) usually referred to as Axel von dem Bussche in English After the war the town was given to Soviet Ukraine. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe.

Jewish history

Town in the government of Volhynia, Russia. According to the census of 1897 it had a population of 13,785, including 5,608 Jews. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ The chief sources of income for the latter are in trading and industrial occupations. There are 902 artisans, 147 day-laborers, 27 factory and workshop employees, and 6 families cultivate 90 deciatines of land. The town has a Jewish hospital, but no educational institutions except several ḥadarim. The earliest date given in connection with the Jews of Dubno is the beginning of the 17th century. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar In [1650] there were in Dubno 47 Jewish and 141 Christian taxable households.

Rabbis

The following list of Dubno rabbis extends from 1600 to 1903:

People

See also

References

Bibliography of Jewish Encyclopedia

This article incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, a publication now in the public domain. The Jewish Encyclopedia was an Encyclopedia originally published between 1901 and 1906 by Funk and Wagnalls. The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone ([1])
By : Herman Rosenthal, S. Herman Rosenthal ( October 6, 1843 &ndash 1917 was an American author editor and librarian Janovsky & M. Seligsohn


External links

Max Seligsohn ( April 13, 1865, Russia &ndash) was a Russian- American Orientalist.
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