| Druskininkai | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country |  Lithuania |
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| Ethnographic region | Dzūkija | ||
| County | Alytus County | ||
| Municipality | Druskininkai municipality | ||
| Capital of | Druskininkai municipality | ||
| First mentioned | 1596 | ||
| Granted city rights | 1893 | ||
| Population (2001) | |||
| - Total | 18,233 | ||
| - Rank | 20th | ||
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | ||
Druskininkai (pronunciation , Belarusian: Друскенікі, Druskieniki; Polish: Druskienniki) is a spa town on the Nemunas River in southern Lithuania, close to the borders of Belarus and Poland. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the Lithuania can be divided into historical and cultural regions (called Ethnographic regions Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->The territory of Lithuania Alytus County (Lithuanian Alytaus apskritis) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. Wikipedia_talkFeatured_lists#Proposed_change_to_all_featured_lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below --> Municipalities of Lithuania Druskininkai municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania. Magdeburg Rights (Magdeburger Recht or Magdeburg Law were a set of German town laws regulating the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted with In Lithuania there are 103 cities (in Lithuanian: singular – miestas Plural – miestai Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Daylight saving time ( DST Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time The Belarusian language, or Belorussian,(беларуская мова BGN/PCGN: byelaruskaya mova, Scientific: belaruskaja mova Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. See also Mineral spa A spa town, or simply spa, is a town frequented mainly for health reasons to "take the waters" "Nieman" and "Niemen" redirects here For other uses see Neman and Nieman (disambiguation. Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the Belarus ( Belarusian Беларусь / Biełaruś is a Landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north and east Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The city of Druskininkai has a population of 18,233 (2001 Census) and dates back as a spa resort to the 19th century. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar
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Geography
The town is located at the Ratnyčia River estuary to the Nemunas River and is surrounded by a natural forest reserve. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open "Nieman" and "Niemen" redirects here For other uses see Neman and Nieman (disambiguation. The town is situated in a picturesque landscape with rivers, lakes, hills and forests. "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the A forest is an area with a high density of Trees There are many definitions of a forest based on various criteria
History
According to some sources the site of the present-day Druskininkai was inhabitated by local Yotvingian tribes in the early Middle Ages. Yotvingians or Sudovians (also called Suduvians, Jatvians, or Jatvingians in English (Jotvingiai Sūduviai Jatvingi Jaćwingowie Яцьвягі A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use In the 13th century the area was conquered by Lithuanians. Lithuanians are the Baltic Ethnic group native to Lithuania, where they number a little over 3 million A small castle was built in the area as a part of the defence system against the Teutonic Order. The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. The castle was conquered by Teutonic Knights and destroyed in 1308 after which the area was soon depopulated.
The first mention of the present-day Druskininkai dates back to 1636. The name comes from Lithuanian root druska meaning salt which suggests that the local population collected the precious mineral. Lithuanian ( lietuvių kalba) is the official state language of Lithuania and is recognised as one of the official languages of the European Union. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific In the late 18th century it was discovered that minerals found in the waters of Druskininkai area are healthy and their usage in medical treatment of asthma started. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Asthma is a chronic Condition involving the Respiratory system in which the airways occasionally constrict become inflamed, and are In the early 19th century Ignacy Fonberger, the University of Vilnius professor, focused on the analysis of the chemical composition of Druskininkai waters and discovered that they contain large amounts of Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Iodine, Bromine, Iron and Magnesium. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Vilnius University (Vilniaus Universitetas formerly known as Vilnius State University, earlier - Stefan Batory University and before that Almae Calcium (ˈkælsiəm is the Chemical element with the symbol Ca and Atomic number 20 Sodium (ˈsoʊdiəm is an element which has the symbol Na( Latin natrium, from Arabic natrun) atomic number 11 atomic mass 22 Potassium (pəˈtæsiəm is a Chemical element. It has the symbol K (kalium from qalīy Atomic number 19 and Atomic mass 39 Iodine (ˈaɪədaɪn ˈaɪədɪn or /ˈaɪədiːn/ from ιώδης iodes "violet" is a Chemical element that has the symbol I and Atomic Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 Magnesium (mægˈniːziəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Mg, Atomic number 12 Atomic weight 24 He also promoted the town as a holiday resort for the population of what is now Vilnius. A resort is a place used for Relaxation or Recreation, attracting visitors for Holidays or Vacations Resorts are places towns or sometimes
In 1837 czar Nicholas I of Russia bestowed on Druskininkai the status of spa, and construction of wooden pensions and hostels started. Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation. To ease communication with the spa, a ferry service on Nemunas was started.
The spa became popular among other parts of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic In 1862 a railway line linking Warsaw and Saint Petersburg was opened and its station was placed only 19 km from the city. Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday Warsaw (Warszawa; also known by other names) is the Capital and Largest city of Poland. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River By the beginning of the 20th century Druskininkai spa resort became one of the most popular resorts in the area, with tourists and reconvalescents coming from all over the world. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on It also became a place of summer residence for the middle class of Vilnius, Warsaw and Moscow. Warsaw (Warszawa; also known by other names) is the Capital and Largest city of Poland. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of
After the World War I the town became part of Poland (see Polish-Lithuanian conflict) and soon became one of the three most popular Polish resorts. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland This article is about the history of Vilnius, the capital and largest city of Lithuania. Its popularity was increased by Józef Piłsudski, who spent most of his summer holidays there and promoted development of the area. Soon most of the resort was bought by state-owned Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego and construction of luxurious villas and pensions started. In 1934 a railway link with the Porzecze train station was opened and the town became opened to the general public. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
After the Soviet aggression in 1939 and a staged "referendum", the town was incorporated into the Belarusian SSR. After the Soviet invasion of Poland following the corresponding German invasion that marked the start of World War II in 1939 the Soviet Union annexed The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (abbreviated as Byelorussian SSR or BSSR) (Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка In 1940 Druskininkai were transferred to the Lithuanian SSR. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinė Respublika Литовская Советская Социалистическая Республика Starting with 1951, it began to grow rapidly and several huge sanatoriums and spa hospitals were opened. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January A sanatorium (also sanitorium, sanitarium) is a medical facility for long-term illness typically Tuberculosis. The city became a famous resort, attracting around 400,000 visitors per year from all over the Soviet Union. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
The collapse of the Soviet Union was followed by economical difficulties faced by Lithuania and some of its resorts, lacking their usual visitors. The Soviet Union 's collapse into independent nations began early in 1985 Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the In 2001 unemployment reached 29% in Druskininkai. Unemployment occurs when a person is available to work and currently seeking work but the person is without work. During the last few years, Druskininkai began a fast revival. Sanatoriums, spa's and the city's infrastructure began to be renovated both by the local government and privately-owned businesses. A sanatorium (also sanitorium, sanitarium) is a medical facility for long-term illness typically Tuberculosis. Infrastructure typically refers to the technical structures that support a society such as Roads Water supply, Wastewater, Power grids The numbers of visitors and tourists from Lithuania, Poland, Russia and Israel increase every year. Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics.
Nowadays, approximately 30 different illnesses are treated in Druskininkai. Despite demolitions during the World War I, the city features houses and villas reflecting all periods of its development - Russian, Polish and modern.
The first water park in Lithuania was opened in Druskininkai on 26 December 2006. See List of waterparks (for a list of all waterparks in the world A waterpark is an Amusement park that features waterplay areas such Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
Culture
There are a number of art and historical museums and galleries in the city. Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual Many cultural events take place, most of them during spring, summer and fall.
During 1896–1910, famous Lithuanian composer and painter Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis lived and worked in the city. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis ( in Old Varėna &mdash in Pustelnik near Warsaw) was a Lithuanian painter and Composer A number of regular events take place at his memorial museum each year.
An annual poetry event, "Druskininkai poetic fall", began in 1985 and attracts authors from all over the world. Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) In 2001, Grūtas park was opened near Druskininkai, exposing sculptures and other materials of the Soviet era. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Grūtas Park - lith Grūto parkas - is a Sculpture garden of Soviet-era statues and an exposition of other ideological relics founded by the Lithuanian History of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union is covered in the following series of articles
People
- Rabbi Shmaryahu Yitzchak Bloch, rabbi here
- Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, lived here
- Jan Czeczot, died here
- Jacques Lipchitz, was born here
- Antanas Sniečkus, died here
External links
- Druskininkai homepage
- Druskininkai municipality
- Grūtas park
- M. K. Čiurlionis museum (Lithuanian)
- Druskininkai Aqua Park