A drumhead is a membrane stretched over one or both of the open ends of a drum. In a Loudspeaker, a diaphragm (also known as the cone) is the thin semi-rigid membrane attached to the central Magnet. The drum is a member of the percussion group technically classified as a Membranophone. The drumhead is struck with sticks, mallets, or hands so that it vibrates and the sound resonates through the drum. Oscillation is the repetitive variation typically in Time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of Equilibrium) or between two or more different states Sound' is Vibration transmitted through a Solid, Liquid, or Gas; particularly sound means those vibrations composed of Frequencies In Physics, resonance is the tendency of a system to Oscillate at maximum Amplitude at certain frequencies, known as the system's
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History
Originally, drumheads were made from animal skin and were first used in early human history, long before records began. The skin is the outer covering of living tissue of an animal (or plant
In 1956, Chick Evans invented the plastic drumhead. Plastic drumheads made from polyester are cheaper, more durable, and less sensitive to weather than animal skin heads. Plastic is the general common term for a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic solid materials suitable for the manufacture of industrial products Polyester is a category of Polymers which contain the Ester Functional group in their main chain In 1957, Remo Belli and Sam Muchnick together developed a plastic head (also known as Mylar) leading to the development of the Remo drumhead company.
Despite the benefits of plastic heads, drummers in historical reenactment groups such as fife and drum use animal skin heads for historical accuracy. "Reenactment" redirects here For the 1968 Romanian film see The Reenactment. Fife and drum blues is a rural derivation of traditional Country blues. Skin heads are used on most hand drums, including djembes, frame drums and congas. A hand drum is any type of Drum that is typically played with the bare Hand rather than a Stick, Mallet, Hammer, or other type of A djembe (ˈdʒɛmbeɪ JEM-bay) also known as djimbe, jenbe, jembe, yembe, or sanbanyi in Susu is a skin covered A frame drum is a Drum that has a Drumhead diameter greater than its depth The conga is tall narrow single-headed Cuban Drum of African origin probably derived from the Congolese Makuta drums or Sikulu Another common material used for drumheads is aramid fiber, such as kevlar. Aramid fibers are a class of heat-resistant and strong Synthetic fibers They are used in aerospace and military applications for ballistic rated body armor Kevlar is the registered Trademark for a light strong para-aramid Synthetic fiber, related to other Aramids such as Nomex and More durable fiber heads are used mostly in marching percussion. Marching percussion instruments are specially designed to be played while moving
Tuning
A drum "hoop" or "rim" may be made of metal, wood, or other material and is used to hold a drumhead against a drum shell, either with bolts through metal "claws" attached directly to a hoop, or bolts through holes in a flanged rim. The drum is a member of the percussion group technically classified as a Membranophone. A flange is an external or internal Rib, or Rim (lip for strength, as the flange of an Iron beam or I-beam The bolts, called "tension rods," are screwed into threaded "lugs" attached to the drum shell, in order to tighten and tune the drumhead. [1] A "drum key" is a type of wrench used to screw the tension rods into the lugs. A wrench or spanner is a Tool used to provide a Mechanical advantage in applying Torque to turn bolts, nuts or [2]
Muffling
Drummers muffle their drums using special drumheads like double-ply heads, "control ring" heads, and "hydraulic" heads, or various materials placed on the drumhead like o-rings, duct tape, muffling clamps, and a product called Moongel which is a blue, sticky, gel-like substance also used to dampen cymbals. Drummers also place foam, pillows, or blankets inside the bass drum to reduce overtones. [3]
Manufacturers
References
- ^ International House of Blues Foundation. Remo is an American Drumhead company They are well known for their highly successful Weatherking series which is now seen on orchestral world and marching D'Addario is a manufacturer of musical instrument strings primarily Guitar strings currently headquartered in Farmingdale, Long Island New York "Making a Drum" 2003
- ^ Drum Key Patent [1]
- ^ Caldwell, Lyle. " Drum Treatment - Muffling " 1999
External links
- Accessory Fetish A Complete List of Drum Head Manufacturers
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