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Drug delivery is the method or process of administering a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals[1] [2]. A therapeutic effect is a consequence of a medical treatment of any kind the results of which are judged to be desirable and beneficial Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus Drug Delivery technologies are patent protected formulation technologies that modifies drug release profile, absorption, distribution and elimination for the benefit of improving product efficacy & safety and patient convenience & compliance[3]. Most common methods of delivery include the preferred non-invasive peroral (through the mouth), topical (skin), transmucosal (nasal, buccal/sublingual, vaginal, ocular and rectal) and inhalation routes [4]. In Medicine, a topical Medication is applied to body surfaces such as the Skin or Mucous membranes for example the Vagina The vagina (from Latin, literally " Sheath " or " Scabbard " is a fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the Uterus The rectum (from the Latin rectum intestinum, meaning straight intestine) is the final straight portion of the Large intestine in some Mammals Inhalation (also known as respiration) is the movement of air from the external environment through the air ways and into the Alveoli. Many medications such as peptide and protein, antibody, vaccine and gene based drugs, in general may not be delivered using these routes because they might be susceptible to enzymatic degradation or can not be absorbed into the systemic circulation efficiently due to molecular size and charge issues to be therapeutically effective. Peptides (from the Greek πεπτίδια, "small digestibles" are short Polymers formed from the linking in a defined order of α- Amino Proteins are large Organic compounds made of Amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by Peptide bonds between the Carboxyl Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins, abbreviated Ig) are Gamma globulin Proteins that are found in Blood or other Bodily A vaccine is a biological preparation which is used to establish or improve immunity to a particular disease History See also History of genetics The existence of genes was first suggested by Gregor Mendel (1822-1884 who in the 1860s studied inheritance For this reason many protein and peptide drugs have to be delivered by injection. Proteins are large Organic compounds made of Amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by Peptide bonds between the Carboxyl Peptides (from the Greek πεπτίδια, "small digestibles" are short Polymers formed from the linking in a defined order of α- Amino An injection is an infusion method of putting Liquid into the Body, usually with a hollow needle and a Syringe which is pierced through For example, many immunizations are based on the delivery of protein drugs and are often done by injection. Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's Immune system becomes fortified against an agent (known as the

Current efforts in the area of drug delivery include the development of targeted delivery in which the drug is only active in the target area of the body (for example, in cancerous tissues) and sustained release formulations in which the drug is released over a period of time in a controlled manner from a formulation. Scientists began to study targeted Drug delivery, because the traditional Drug delivery system had many disadvantages such as high toxic effect and high minimum effective dose Cancer (medical term Malignant Neoplasm) is a class of Diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled

See also

References

  1. ^ Definition. A drug, broadly speaking is any chemical substance that when absorbed into the body A dosage form is the physical form of a dose of Medication, such as a Capsule or Injection. In Pharmacology and Toxicology, a route Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs are short polycationic sequences which can facilitate cellular uptake of peptides and proteins which contain them PEGylation is the process of covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol polymer chains to another molecule normally a drug or therapeutic protein Retrieved on 2008-05-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor.
  2. ^ Definition. Retrieved on 2008-05-01. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor.
  3. ^ Definition. Retrieved on 2008-05-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place
  4. ^ Definition. Retrieved on 2008-05-27. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www. pharmacircle. com/index. php?page=free/drug_delivery. php&expand=2 |title= Definition|accessdate=2008-05-27 |format= |work= }}</li></ol></ref>

External links

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