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Drogo of Hauteville[1] (c. 1010 – 10 August 1051) succeeded his brother, William Iron Arm, with whom he arrived in southern Italy c. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire William Iron Arm (born before 1010 &ndash died 1046 was a Norman adventurer founder of the fortunes of the Hauteville family. 1035, as the leader of the Normans of Apulia. The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Apulia ( Italian: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east the Ionian Sea

With his brother, he took part in the campaign of the Byzantine catepan George Maniaches in Sicily (1038) and then in the campaign against the Greeks of Apulia with the Lombard prince Guaimar IV of Salerno. The Catepanate (or Catapanate) of Italy ( Greek:) was a province of the Byzantine Empire, comprising mainland Italy south of a line drawn from George Maniakes (Γεώργιος Μανιάκης transliterated as Georgios Maniaces, Maniakis, or Maniaches, Giorgio Maniace (d These are the rulers of the Principality of Salerno. When Prince Sicard of Benevento was assassinated by Radelchis in 839 the people of Salerno promptly Guaimar IV (c 1013 &ndash ass June 3 or 2 1052 was Prince of Salerno (1027&ndash1052 Duke of Amalfi (1039&ndash1052 Duke of Gaeta In 1042, the Normans elected William as count at Melfi and Drogo received Venosa from Guaimar in a twelve-part division of the conquered territory. Melfi is a town and Comune in the Vulture area of the Province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. Venosa is a town and Comune in the Province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata, in the Vulture area. In 1044–1045, Drogo fought on behalf of his brother in Apulia. He seized Bovino from the Greeks. Bovino Italy is a hilltop town at the foot of the Irpinia mountains in the province of Foggia in the region of Apulia/Puglia

In 1046, when William died, Drogo and Peter of Trani were the premier candidates to succeed him. Peter or Pierron (born before 1020) was the first Norman lord of Trani, a town on the Adriatic near Barletta. Drogo, supported by Guaimar, a good friend of William's, was duly elected as his brother's successor. The foundations of a Hauteville dynasty were set. The family of the Hauteville ( French: Maison de Hauteville, Italian: Casa d'Altavilla) was a petty baronial Norman family from the Drogo was then approached by Ranulf Trincanocte, Count of Aversa, to reconcile him with Guaimar, which he did. Rainulf II, called Trincanocte, was the third count of Aversa (1045-1048 the cousin and nephew respectively of his immediate predecessor Asclettin and In 1030, the first Norman foothold in the Mezzogiorno was created when Sergius IV of Naples gave the town and vicinity of Aversa as a county In that year, he entered Apulia again and defeated the catepan Eustathios Palatinos near Taranto. The Catepanate (or Catapanate) of Italy ( Greek:) was a province of the Byzantine Empire, comprising mainland Italy south of a line drawn from Eustathios Palatinos (Eustachius Palatinus Eustachio Palatino was the Catepan of Italy from early 1046 to before the end of the year Not to be confused with Toronto. Taranto ( Ancient Greek: Tarās; Modern Greek: Tarantas) is a coastal city in His brother Humphrey, who had arrived a short while earlier, forced Bari to conclude a treaty with the Normans. Humphrey of Hauteville (c 1010 &ndash August 1057 surnamed Abagelard, was the Count of Apulia and Calabria from 1051 to his death Bari ( Barium in Latin, Bàrion or Vàrion in Greek, Bare in Neapolitan In 1047, Drogo captured Benevento with the permission of the Holy Roman Emperor. Benevento is a town and Comune of Campania, Italy, capital of the Province of Benevento, 50 km northeast of Naples. The Holy Roman Emperor (Römischer Kaiser or Römisch-Deutscher Kaiser Romanorum Imperator was the elected monarch ruling over the many varying numbers of states It turned out to be a watershed year. First, he received a daughter of Guaimar III, named either Gaitelgrima or Altrude, as wife. Guaimar III (also Waimar, Gaimar, Guaimaro, or Guaimario and sometimes numbered Guaimar IV (c Gaitelgrima is a Lombard feminine name There are several notable Gaitelgrimas in history Second, the Emperor Henry III confirmed him as Dux et magister Italiae comesque Normannorum totius Apuliae et Calabriae (in English, "Duke and Master of Italy and Count of the Normans of all Apulia and Calabria"), the first legitimate comital title for the Normans of Melfi. Henry III ( 29 October 1017 &ndash 5 October 1056) called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty This is a list of Counts and Dukes of Apulia and Calabria in Southern Italy from the 11th century to the 12th century Henry also divested Guaimar of the principality of Capua and gave it to the old prince, Pandulf IV. The Principality of Capua (Principatus Capuae or Capue was a Lombard state in Southern Italy, usually de facto independent but under the varying Pandulf IV (also spelled Randulf, Bandulf, Pandulph, Pandolf, Paldolf, or Pandolfo) was the Prince of Capua

During Drogo's reign, his half-brother Robert Guiscard arrived in the Mezzogiorno (c. Robert Guiscard (from Latin Viscardus and Old French Viscart, often rendered the Resourceful, the Cunning, the Wily Geography Southern Italy forms the lower "boot" of the Italian peninsula containing the ankle (Abruzzo and Molise and southern Lazio the toe (Calabria and the heel 1047). Drogo remained closely allied to Guaimar and assisted him against Pandulf after the latter's reinstallation as Count of Capua. Failing to control his barons, however, Drogo was unable to end the brigandage and feudal warfare that was convulsing the Mezzogiorno. Geography Southern Italy forms the lower "boot" of the Italian peninsula containing the ankle (Abruzzo and Molise and southern Lazio the toe (Calabria and the heel He had to send away both his own younger brother Robert and the newly-arrived Richard Drengot, who attacked him and was captured. Richard I Drengot (died 1078 was a count of Aversa (1049-1078 and Prince of Capua (1058-1078 Guaimar secured Richard's release late in 1047 or early in 1048. In the latter year, Drogo commanded an expedition into Calabria via the valley of Crati, near Cosenza. Calabria ( Latin: Brutium) is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of The Crathis or Crater ( Greek:; Italian: Crati) is one of the most considerable rivers of Bruttium (modern Calabria) Cosenza is a city in Italy, located at the confluence of the rivers Busento and Crathis. He distributed the conquered territories in Calabria and granted Robert Guiscard a castle at Scribla to guard the entrances. In 1050, he had to aid Guaimar in putting down the rebellion of one Guillaume Barbote.

In 1051, Pope Leo IX forced a promise from Drogo that he would stop the Norman pillaging, but he was assassinated later that year (probably by a Byzantine conspiracy led by Argyrus) at Montoglio and was succeeded by his younger brother Humphrey after a brief interregnum. Pope Argyrus (or Argyros) was the son of the Lombard hero Melus of Bari. Humphrey of Hauteville (c 1010 &ndash August 1057 surnamed Abagelard, was the Count of Apulia and Calabria from 1051 to his death

He had a son, Richard, who joined the First Crusade. Richard of Salerno (c1045-1114 was a participant in the First Crusade and regent of the County of Edessa from 1104-1108 The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II with the dual goals of conquering the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land and freeing Richard's son Roger was later regent of the principality of Antioch. Roger of Salerno or Roger of the Principate (died June 28, 1119) was regent of the Principality of Antioch from 1112 to 1119 A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor The Principality of Antioch, including parts of modern-day Turkey and Syria, was one of the Crusader states created during the First Crusade

Notes

  1. ^ Called Dreux or Drogon de Hauteville in French and Drogone d'Altavilla in Italian. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy.

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Preceded by
William I		 Count of Apulia and Calabria
1046–1051		 Succeeded by
Humphrey
William Iron Arm (born before 1010 &ndash died 1046 was a Norman adventurer founder of the fortunes of the Hauteville family. This is a list of Counts and Dukes of Apulia and Calabria in Southern Italy from the 11th century to the 12th century Humphrey of Hauteville (c 1010 &ndash August 1057 surnamed Abagelard, was the Count of Apulia and Calabria from 1051 to his death
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