- For other meanings of double helix, see Double helix (disambiguation)
In geometry a double helix (plural helices) typically consists of two congruent helices with the same axis, differing by a translation along the axis, which may or may not be half-way. The Vatican Museums (Musei Vaticani in Viale Vaticano in Rome, inside the Vatican City, are one of the greatest museums in the world since they display works Geometry ( Greek γεωμετρία; geo = earth metria = measure is a part of Mathematics concerned with questions of size shape and relative position In Geometry, two sets of points are called congruent if one can be transformed into the other by an Isometry, i A helix (pl helixes or helices) from the Greek word έλιξ, is a special kind of Space curve, i In Physics, translation is movement that changes the position of an object as opposed to Rotation. [1]
In Molecular Biology, the double helix refers to the structure of DNA. Molecular biology is the study of Biology at a molecular level Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known The structure of DNA was first published in the journal Nature by James D. Watson and Francis Crick in 1953[2], based upon data from Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin[3]. Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known Nature is a prominent Scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869 Francis Harry Compton Crick OM FRS (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004 Ph Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins CBE FRS ( 15 December 1916 – 5 October 2004) was a New Zealand -born British Rosalind Elsie Franklin ( 25 July, 1920 Notting Hill, London – 16 April, 1958 Chelsea London) was an Crick, Wilkins and Watson each received the Nobel Prize for their contributions to the discovery[4]. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature Franklin died before her contribution could be acknowledged, and due to the fact that they cannot be awarded posthumously, never received a Nobel Prize.
The DNA double helix is a right-handed spiral polymer of nucleic acids, held together by nucleotides which base pair together[5]. A nucleic acid is a Macromolecule composed of chains of monomeric Nucleotides In Biochemistry these Molecules carry Genetic information Nucleotides are Organic compounds that consist of three joined structures a nitrogenous base a Sugar, and a Phosphate group In Molecular biology, two Nucleotides on opposite complementary DNA or RNA strands that are connected via Hydrogen bonds are called A single turn of the helix constitutes ten nucleotides[5]. The double helix structure of DNA contains a major groove and minor groove, the major groove being wider than the minor groove[5]. Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known Given the difference in widths of the major groove and minor groove, many proteins which bind to DNA do so through the wider major groove [6].
The order, or sequence, of the nucleotides in the double helix within a gene specifies the primary structure of a protein . A DNA sequence or genetic sequence is a succession of letters representing the Primary structure of a real or hypothetical DNA Molecule History See also History of genetics The existence of genes was first suggested by Gregor Mendel (1822-1884 who in the 1860s studied inheritance In Biochemistry, the primary structure of a biological molecule is the exact specification of its atomic composition and the chemical bonds connecting those atoms (including Proteins are large Organic compounds made of Amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by Peptide bonds between the Carboxyl
References
- ^ "Double Helix" by Sándor Kabai, The Wolfram Demonstrations Project, 2007.
- ^ Watson and Crick (1953). "Nature" (171): 737-8.
- ^ The Structure of the DNA Molecule
- ^ Nobel Prize - List of All Nobel Laureates.
- ^ a b c Alberts et al. (1994). The Molecular Biology of the Cell. ISBN 978-0815341055.
- ^ Pabo C, Sauer R (1984). "Protein-DNA recognition". Annu Rev Biochem 53: 293–321. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 6236744.
See also
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