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Dorothy Parker

Parker in Los Angeles, mid 1930s
Born August 22, 1893(1893-08-22)
Long Branch, New Jersey, United States
Died June 7, 1967 (aged 73)
New York, New York, United States
Occupation Author, poet, critic, screenwriter
Genres Poetry, satire
Literary movement American modernism
Influences
Influenced

Dorothy Parker (August 22, 1893–June 7, 1967) was an American writer and poet, best known for her caustic wit, wisecracks, and sharp eye for 20th century urban foibles. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Long Branch is a City in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. New Jersey ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The City of New York New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A literary genre is a category of literary composition Genres may be determined by Literary technique, tone, Content, or even (as in the case of fiction This is a list of modern literary movements: that is movements after the Renaissance. See also Modernism American modernism like modernism in general is a trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create improve and reshape their environment Franklin Pierce Adams ( November 15, 1881, Chicago Illinois – March 23, 1960, New York City New York) was an American Robert Charles Benchley (September 15 1889 – November 21 1945 was an American comedian best known for his work as a Newspaper columnist and Film actor Colette was the pen name of the French Novelist Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette ( January 28 1873 &ndash August 3 Ringgold Wilmer Lardner ( March 6 1885 – September 25 1933) was an American sports columnist and Short story writer best William Makepeace Thackeray (ˈθækərɪ 18 July 1811 – 24 December 1863 was an English Novelist of the 19th century Elinor Morton Wylie née Hoyt ( September 7, 1885 &ndash December 16, 1928) was an American poet and novelist Candace Bushnell (born December 1 1958) is an American Author and Columnist based in New York City. Maureen Dowd (born January 14, 1952) is a Washington DC -based Columnist for The New York Times. Nora Ephron (born May 19 1941) is an American Film director, producer, Screenwriter, Novelist, and Frances Ann "Fran" Lebowitz (born October 27 1950 is an American Author. Amy Sedaris (born March 29 1961 is an American actress, Author, and Comedian. David Sedaris (born December 26, 1956) is a Grammy Award -nominated American Humorist, Writer, Comedian, bestselling Amy Sherman-Palladino ( née Sherman) is an American Television Writer and producer. Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" Wit is a form of intellectual Humour. A wit (person is someone skilled in making witty remarks The twentieth century of the Common Era began on

From a conflicted and unhappy childhood, Parker rose to acclaim, both for her literary output in such venues as The New Yorker and as a founding member of the Algonquin Round Table, a group she would later disdain. The New Yorker is an American Magazine that publishes reportage commentary criticism essays fiction satire cartoons and poetry The Algonquin Round Table was a celebrated group of New York City writers critics actors and wits Following the breakup of that circle, Parker traveled to Hollywood to pursue screenwriting. See also Pre-production Screenplay Screenwriting is the art and craft of writing scripts for Film, Television or Video games Her successes there, including two Academy Award nominations, would eventually be curtailed, as her involvement in left-wing politics would lead to a place on the infamous Hollywood blacklist. "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. "Hollywood Ten" redirects here For the 1950 short documentary film see The Hollywood Ten.

Parker survived three marriages (two to the same man) and several suicide attempts, but grew increasingly dependent on alcohol. Although she would come to dismiss her own talents and deplore her reputation as a "wisecracker," her literary output and her sparkling wit have endured long past her death.

Contents

Early life

Also known as Dot or Dottie, Parker was born Dorothy Rothschild to Jacob Henry[1] and Eliza Annie Rothschild (née Marston)[2] at 732 Ocean Avenue in the West End village of Long Branch, New Jersey,[3] where her parents had a summer beach cottage. Long Branch is a City in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. Dorothy's mother was of English descent, and her father was a German-Jew. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English Parker wrote in her essay "My Hometown" that her parents got her back to their Manhattan apartment shortly after Labor Day so she could be called a true New Yorker. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Her mother died in West End in July 1898, when Parker was a month shy of turning five. [4] Her father remarried in 1900, a woman named Eleanor Francis Lewis. [5] Parker detested her father and stepmother, accusing her father of being physically abusive and refusing to call Eleanor either "mother" or "stepmother," instead referring to her as "the housekeeper. "[6] She grew up on the Upper West Side, and attended Roman Catholic elementary school at the Convent of the Blessed Sacrament, despite having a Jewish father and Protestant stepmother. The Upper West Side is a neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan in New York City that lies between Central Park and the Hudson River PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. [7] She was asked to leave following her characterization of the Immaculate Conception as "spontaneous combustion. For dogmatic context see Roman Catholic Mariology. For artistic depictions see Roman Catholic Marian art. Spontaneous combustion is a type of Combustion which occurs without an external ignition source "[8] Her stepmother died in 1903, when Parker was nine. [9] Parker later went to Miss Dana's School, a finishing school in Morristown, New Jersey. This article is about finishing school for the reality show see Charm School (TV series This article is about the Town of Morristown in New Jersey Other places in New Jersey with similar names are Morris Township, Morris Plains, and Moorestown [10] Her formal education ended when she was 13. Her father died in 1913. Following his death, she played piano at a dancing school to earn a living[11] while she worked on her verse.

She sold her first poem to Vanity Fair magazine in 1914 and some months later, she was hired as an editorial assistant for another Condé Nast magazine, Vogue. Vanity Fair is an American magazine of Culture, Fashion, and Politics published by Condé Nast Publications. Condé Nast Publications Inc is a worldwide Magazine Publishing company Vogue is a Fashion and lifestyle Magazine published in eighteen countries by Condé Nast Publications. She moved to Vanity Fair as a staff writer following two years at Vogue. [12]

In 1917, she met and married a Wall Street stock broker, Edwin Pond Parker II,[13] but they were separated by his army service in World War I. Wall Street is a street in lower Manhattan, New York City, United States. A stock broker or stockbroker is a qualified and regulated professional who buys and sells shares and other securities through Market makers or World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All She had ambiguous feelings about her Jewish heritage given the strong antisemitism of that era and joked that she married to escape her name. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility

Algonquin Round Table years

In 1919, her career took off while writing theatre criticism for Vanity Fair, which she began in 1918 as a stand-in for the vacationing P. G. Wodehouse. Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, KBE (15 October 1881 – 14 February 1975 (ˈwʊdhaʊs was an English Comic novelist who enjoyed enormous popular success [14] At the magazine she met Robert Benchley, who became a close friend, and Robert E. Sherwood. Robert Charles Benchley (September 15 1889 – November 21 1945 was an American comedian best known for his work as a Newspaper columnist and Film actor Robert Emmet Sherwood ( 4 April 1896 – 14 November[[ 955]] American Playwright, editor, and Screenwriter. [15] The trio began lunching at the Algonquin Hotel on a near-daily basis and became founding members of the Algonquin Round Table. The Algonquin Hotel is a historic hotel located at 59 West 44th Street in Manhattan ( New York, New York) The Algonquin Round Table was a celebrated group of New York City writers critics actors and wits The Round Table numbered among its members the newspaper columnists Franklin Pierce Adams and Alexander Woollcott. Franklin Pierce Adams ( November 15, 1881, Chicago Illinois – March 23, 1960, New York City New York) was an American Alexander Humphreys Woollcott ( January 19, 1887 &ndash January 23, 1943) was an American critic and commentator for The New Yorker Through their re-printing of her lunchtime remarks and short verses, particularly in Adams' column "The Conning Tower," Dorothy began developing a national reputation as a wit.

Parker's caustic wit as a critic initially proved popular, but she was eventually terminated by Vanity Fair in 1920 after her criticisms began to offend powerful producers too often. In solidarity, both Benchley and Sherwood resigned in protest. [16]

When Harold Ross founded The New Yorker in 1925, she and Benchley were part of a "board of editors" established by Ross to allay concerns of his investors. Harold Wallace Ross ( November 6, 1892 - December 6, 1951) was an American journalist and founder of The New Yorker The New Yorker is an American Magazine that publishes reportage commentary criticism essays fiction satire cartoons and poetry Parker's first piece for the magazine appeared in its second issue. [17] Parker became famous for her short, viciously humorous poems, many about the perceived ludicrousness of her many (largely unsuccessful) romantic affairs and others wistfully considering the appeal of suicide.

Her greatest period of productivity and success came in the next 15 years. In the 1920s alone she published some 300 poems and free verses in outlets including the aforementioned Vanity Fair, Vogue, "The Conning Tower" and The New Yorker along with Life, McCall's and The New Republic. McCall's was a monthly American women's Magazine that enjoyed great popularity through much of the 20th century peaking at a readership of six million The New Republic ( TNR) is an American Magazine of politics and the arts [18]

Cover of the first edition of Enough Rope
Cover of the first edition of Enough Rope

Parker published her first volume of poetry, Enough Rope, a collection of previously-published work along with new material in 1926. The collection sold 47,000 copies[19] and garnered impressive reviews. The Nation described her verse as "caked with a salty humor, rough with splinters of disillusion, and tarred with a bright black authenticity. This article is about the US Publication. For other newspapers magazines and alternate uses by the same name see The Nation (disambiguation. "[20] Although some critics, notably the New York Times, dismissed her work as "flapper verse,"[21] the volume helped cement her status, as the New York World review put it, as "one of the most sparkling wits who express themselves through light verse. The New York World was a Newspaper published in New York from 1860 until 1931 "[19] Parker released two more volumes of verse, Sunset Gun (1927) and Death and Taxes (1931), along with the short story collections Laments for the Living (1930) and After Such Pleasures (1933). Not So Deep as a Well (1936) collected much of the material previously published in Rope, Gun and Death and she re-released the fiction with a few new pieces in 1939 under the title Here Lies. [22]

In 1924, Parker collaborated with fellow Algonquinite George S. Kaufman on a one-act play, Business is Business. George Simon Kaufman ( November 16 1889 - June 2 1961) was an American Playwright, Theatre director and [23] She next collaborated with playwright Elmer Rice to create Close Harmony. Elmer Rice (b Elmer L Reizenstein September 28 1892, New York New York; d The play was well-received in out of town previews and was favorably reviewed in New York, but closed after a run of just 24 performances. It did, however, become a successful touring production under the title The Lady Next Door. [24]

Some of her most popular work was published in The New Yorker in the form of acerbic book reviews under the byline "Constant Reader" (her response to a moment of whimsy in A. A. Milne's The House at Pooh Corner: "Tonstant Weader Fwowed up. Alan Alexander Milne (ˈmɪln (18 January 1882 &ndash 31 January 1956 was an English Author, best known for his Books about the Teddy bear "[25]). Her reviews appeared semi-regularly from 1927 to 1933,[26] were widely read and were later published in a collection under the name Constant Reader in 1970.

Her best-known short story, "Big Blonde", published in The Bookman magazine, was awarded the O. Henry Award as the best short story of 1929. The Bookman was a book review established in 1895 owned by the George H The O Henry Award is the only yearly award given to short stories of exceptional merit The short story is a literary genre of Fictional Prose Narrative that tends to be more concise and to the point than longer works of fiction such [27] Her short stories, though often witty, were also spare and incisive, and more bittersweet than comic.

She eventually separated from her husband and had a number of affairs, including with reporter-turned-playwright Charles MacArthur and the publisher Seward Collins. Charles Gordon MacArthur ( November 5 1895, Scranton Pennsylvania – April 21 1956, New York City) was an American Seward Bishop Collins ( April 22, 1899 &ndash December 8, 1952) was an American New York socialite and Publisher. Her relationship with MacArthur resulted in a pregnancy, which Parker aborted,[28] and a depression that culminated in her first attempt at suicide. [29] Edwin and she would divorce in 1928. [30]

It was toward the end of this period that Parker began to become politically aware and active. What would become a life-long commitment to left-leaning causes began in 1927 with the pending executions of Sacco and Vanzetti. Ferdinando Nicola Sacco (April 22 1891 – August 23 1927 and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11 1888 – August 23 1927 were two Italian-born American laborers Parker travelled to Boston to protest the proceedings. She and fellow Round Tabler Ruth Hale were arrested and Parker eventually pleaded guilty to a charge of "loitering and sauntering," paying a $5 fine. Ruth Hale (1887 – 1934 was a freelance writer who worked for Women's rights in New York City, USA during the era before and after World War I. [31]

Hollywood

In 1934, she married Alan Campbell,[32] an actor with aspirations of being a screenwriter. Alan K Campbell ( February 21 1904 in Richmond Virginia, the only child of Harry L He was reputed to be bisexual—indeed, Parker did some of the reputing by claiming in public that he was "queer as a billy goat"—but there is no substantial evidence for this. Bisexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of both sexes or to a bisexual orientation Queer has traditionally meant odd or unusual but is now also used to refer to anyone who is not heteronormative. The pair moved to Hollywood and signed ten-week contracts with Paramount Pictures, with Campbell (who was also expected to act) earning $250 per week and Parker earning $1,000 per week. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. They would eventually earn $2,000 and in some instances upwards of $5,000 per week as freelancers for various studios. [33] She and Campbell worked on more than 15 films. [34]

In 1936, she contributed lyrics for the song "I Wished on the Moon", with music by Ralph Rainger. " I Wished on the Moon " is a song composed by Ralph Rainger, with lyrics by Dorothy Parker, for the The Big Broadcast of 1936. Ralph Rainger ( October 7 1901 – October 23 1942) was an American composer of popular music principally for films The song was introduced in the The Big Broadcast of 1936 by Bing Crosby. The Big Broadcast of 1936 ( 1935) is a Paramount Pictures production directed by Norman Taurog, and is the second in the series of Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular

With Robert Carson and Campbell, she wrote the script for the 1937 film A Star is Born, for which they were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing - Screenplay. A Star Is Born ( 1937) is a romantic Drama film produced by David O "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. [35] She wrote additional dialogue for The Little Foxes in 1941, and she would receive another Oscar nomination, with Frank Cavett, for 1947's Smash-Up, the Story of a Woman. The Little Foxes is a 1941 American Drama film directed by William Wyler. Smash-Up the Story of a Woman is a 1947 film which tells the story of a nightclub singer who marries a rising singer and falls into Alcoholism when she [36]

In 1944, Parker and Alexander Woollcott collaborated to produce an anthology of her work as part of a series published by Viking Press for servicemen stationed overseas. Alexander Humphreys Woollcott ( January 19, 1887 &ndash January 23, 1943) was an American critic and commentator for The New Yorker Viking Press is an American Publishing company currently owned by Penguin Books. With an introduction by Somerset Maugham[37] the volume compiled over two dozen of Parker's short stories along with selected poems from Enough Rope, Sunset Gun, and Death and Taxes. William Somerset Maugham, CH ( January 25 1874 &ndash December 16 1965) was an English Playwright, It was released in the United States under the title The Portable Dorothy Parker. Parker's is one of only three of the Portable series (the other two being William Shakespeare and The Bible) to remain continuously in print. William Shakespeare ( baptised [38]

During the 1930s and 1940s period, Parker became a more vocal advocate of increasingly radical left-wing causes, a fierce civil libertarian and civil rights advocate and a frequent critic of those in authority. She reported on the Loyalist cause in Spain for the Communist New Masses magazine in 1937. [39] At the behest of Otto Katz, a covert Soviet Comintern agent and operative of German Communist Party agent Willi Muenzenberg, Parker helped to found the Hollywood Anti-Nazi League in 1936. Willi Münzenberg ( August 14, 1889 &ndash October 21, 1940) was a leading propagandist for the KPD ( Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands [40] The Hollywood Anti-Nazi League's membership eventually grew to some 4,000 strong, whose often wealthy but mostly unsuspecting members were, in the words of David Caute,[41] "able to contribute as much to [Communist] Party funds as the whole American working class. David John Caute (born 16 December 1936 is a British Author, Journalist and Historian. "[42][43]

Parker also served as chair of the Joint Anti-Fascist Rescue Committee. She organized Project Rescue Ship to transport Loyalist veterans to Mexico, headed Spanish Children's Relief and lent her name to many other left-wing causes and organizations. [44] Her former Round Table friends saw less and less of her, with her relationship with Robert Benchley being particularly strained (although they would reconcile). Robert Charles Benchley (September 15 1889 – November 21 1945 was an American comedian best known for his work as a Newspaper columnist and Film actor [45]

Her marriage with Campbell was tempestuous, with tensions exacerbated by Parker's increasing alcohol consumption and Alan's long-term affair with a married woman while he was in Europe during World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including [46] They divorced in 1947,[47] then remarried in 1950,[48] and remained married (although they lived apart from 1952–1961) until his death in 1963 in West Hollywood. West Hollywood, a city in Los Angeles County California, was incorporated on November 29, 1984. [49]

Parker's final screenplay was The Fan, a 1949 adaptation of Oscar Wilde's Lady Windermere's Fan, directed by Otto Preminger. The Fan is a 1949 American Drama film directed by Otto Preminger. Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900 was an Irish Playwright, Novelist, poet and Author of Lady Windermere's Fan A Play About a Good Woman is a four act Comedy by Oscar Wilde, first produced 22 February 1892 at the Otto Ludwig Preminger ( December 5[[ 906]]&ndash April 23[[ 986]] was an Austrian born Film director who moved from the theatre to Hollywood

Later life

Parker was heard occasionally on radio, including Information Please (as a guest) and Author, Author (as a regular panelist). Information Please was an American Radio Quiz show, created by Dan Golenpaul, which aired She wrote for the Columbia Workshop, and both Ilka Chase and Tallulah Bankhead used her material for radio monologues. Columbia Workshop was a radio series that ran on on the Columbia Broadcasting System from 1936 to 1943 returning in 1946-47 Ilka Chase ( April 8 1900 – February 15, 1978) was an American actress and novelist Tallulah Brockman Bankhead ( January 31, 1902 – December 12, 1968) was an American Actress, talk-show host and [50]

Parker was listed as a Communist by the publication Red Channels in 1950. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Red Channels The Report of Communist Influence in Radio and Television is an anti-Communist tract published in the United States at the height of the Red Scare. [51] The FBI compiled a 1,000 page dossier on her because of her suspected involvement in Communism during the McCarthy era. Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14 1908 – May 2 1957 was an American politician who served as a Republican U [52] As a result, she was placed on the Hollywood blacklist by the movie studio bosses. "Hollywood Ten" redirects here For the 1950 short documentary film see The Hollywood Ten.

In 1952 Parker moved back to New York, into the Volney residential hotel. [53] She drew upon her experiences there to co-write, with Arnaud d'Usseau, the play Ladies of the Corridor. The play opened in October 1953 to uneven reviews and closed after six weeks. [54]

From 1957 to 1962 she wrote book reviews for Esquire,[55] though these pieces were increasingly erratic due to her continued abuse of alcohol. Esquire is a Men's magazine by the Hearst Corporation with a strong literary tradition One of these reviews had a huge impact on the career of the young Harlan Ellison. Harlan Jay Ellison (born May 27, 1934) is a prolific American Writer of Short stories, Novellas, Teleplays Reviewing his paperback short story collection Gentleman Junkie and Other Stories of the Hung-Up Generation (Regency, 1961), she described Ellison as "a good, clean, honest writer, putting down what he has seen and known and no sensationalism about it" and lavished praise on his story "Daniel White for the Greater Good,"[56] commenting, "It is without exception the best presentation I have ever seen of present racial conditions in the South and of those who try to alleviate them. Gentleman Junkie and Other Stories of the Hung-Up Generation is an early collection of Short stories by Harlan Ellison, originally published in Paperback I cannot recommend it too vehemently. . . Incidentally, the other stories in Mr. Ellison's book are not so dusty, either. "[57] Her favorable nod gave Ellison a foothold with both mainstream publishers and film producers, and shortly afterwards he headed for Hollywood. [58]

In 1961 Parker returned to Hollywood and reconciled with Campbell. They worked together on a number of unproduced projects; among her last was an unproduced film for Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson, June 1 1926 &ndash August 5 1962 baptized Norma [59] Parker found Campbell dead in their home in 1963, a suicide by drug overdose. [60]

Following Campbell's death Parker returned to New York City and the Volney. In her later years, she would come to denigrate the group that had brought her such early notoriety, the Algonquin Round Table:

“ These were no giants. Think who was writing in those days - Lardner, Fitzgerald, Faulkner and Hemingway. Ringgold Wilmer Lardner ( March 6 1885 – September 25 1933) was an American sports columnist and Short story writer best Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24 1896 – December 21 1940 was an American writer of Novels and Short stories, whose works are evocative of the William Faulkner (born William Cuthbert Falkner) ( September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was an American Author Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21 1899 — July 2 1961 was an American novelist short-story writer, and Journalist. Those were the real giants. The Round Table was just a lot of people telling jokes and telling each other how good they were. Just a bunch of loudmouths showing off, saving their gags for days, waiting for a chance to spring them. . . . There was no truth in anything they said. It was the terrible day of the wisecrack, so there didn't have to be any truth. . . [61] ”

Parker died of a heart attack[3] at the age of 73 in 1967. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply In her will, she bequeathed her estate to the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. foundation. Martin Luther King Jr ( January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, Activist and prominent leader Following King's death, her estate was passed on to the NAACP. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, usually abbreviated as NAACP, is one of the oldest and most influential Civil rights organizations [62] Her executrix, Lillian Hellman, bitterly but unsuccessfully contested this disposition. Lillian Florence Hellman ( June 20, 1905 &ndash June 30, 1984) was an American playwright linked throughout her life with many [63] Her ashes remained unclaimed in various places, including her attorney Paul O'Dwyer's filing cabinet, for approximately 17 years. Peter Paul O'Dwyer (1907 Bohola, County Mayo, Ireland - 1998 was an American politician and lawyer and brother of Mayor William O'Dwyer [64]

Posthumous honors

In 1988, the NAACP claimed Parker's remains and designed a memorial garden for them outside their Baltimore headquarters. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, usually abbreviated as NAACP, is one of the oldest and most influential Civil rights organizations The plaque reads,

“ Here lie the ashes of Dorothy Parker (1893–1967) humorist, writer, critic. Defender of human and civil rights. For her epitaph she suggested, 'Excuse my dust'. This memorial garden is dedicated to her noble spirit which celebrated the oneness of humankind and to the bonds of everlasting friendship between black and Jewish people. Dedicated by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. October 28, 1988. [65] ”
Marker at Parker's birthplace.
Marker at Parker's birthplace.

On August, 22, 1992, the 99th anniversary of Parker's birth, the United States Postal Service issued a 29¢ U. S. commemorative postage stamp in the Literary Arts series. A postage stamp is an adhesive paper evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services The Algonquin Round Table, as well as the number of other literary and theatrical greats who lodged there, helped earn the Algonquin Hotel its status as a New York City Historic Landmark. The hotel was so designated in 1987. [66] In 1996 the hotel was designated a National Literary Landmark by the Friends of Libraries USA based on the contributions of Parker and other members of the Round Table. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The organization's bronze plaque is attached to the front of the hotel. [67] Her birthplace was also designated a National Literary Landmark by Friends of Libraries USA in 2005 and a bronze plaque marks the spot where the home once stood. [68]

Pastiches and fictional portrayals

Parker was the inspiration for a number of fictional characters in several plays of her day. These included "Lily Malone" in Philip Barry's Hotel Universe (1932), "Mary Hilliard" (played by Ruth Gordon) in George Oppenheimer's Here Today (1932), "Julia Glenn" in the George S. Kaufman-Moss Hart collaboration Merrily We Roll Along (1934) and "Paula Wharton" in Gordon's 1944 play Over Twenty-one (directed by Kaufman). Philip Jerome Quinn Barry ( June 18, 1896 - December 3, 1949) was an American playwright Ruth Gordon Jones ( October 30, 1896 – August 28, 1985) better known as Ruth Gordon, was an Academy Award - George Simon Kaufman ( November 16 1889 - June 2 1961) was an American Playwright, Theatre director and Moss Hart ( October 24 1904 &ndash December 20 1961) was an American Playwright and director of plays and Musical Merrily We Roll Along is a play by George S Kaufman and Moss Hart. She also appeared as "Daisy Lester" in Charles Brackett's 1934 novel Entirely Surrounded. Charles Brackett ( November 26, 1892 - March 9, 1969) was an American Novelist Screenwriter, and Film producer [69] Kaufman's representation of her in Merrily We Roll Along led Parker, once his Round Table compatriot, to despise him. [70]

She has been portrayed on film and television by Dolores Sutton in F. Scott Fitzgerald in Hollywood (1976),[71] Rosemary Murphy in Julia (1977),[72] Bebe Neuwirth in Dash and Lilly (1999),[73] and Jennifer Jason Leigh in Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle (1994). Rosemary Murphy (born January 13, 1927) is an American actress of stage film and television Beatrice “Bebe” Neuwirth (born December 31 1958 is an American actress, Singer and Dancer. Jennifer Jason Leigh (born February 5, 1962) is a Golden Globe -nominated and two-time NYFCC Award -winning American Actress Mrs Parker and the Vicious Circle was a film released in 1994. [74] Neuwirth was nominated for an Emmy Award for her performance and Leigh received a number of awards and nominations, including a Golden Globe nomination. The Golden Globe Awards are American awards for motion pictures and Television programs given out each year during a formal dinner

Parker, along with other figures of the era such as Ira Gershwin and George Gershwin, is featured as a character in Act 1, Scene 12 of the stage musical version of Thoroughly Modern Millie, "Muzzy's Party Scene. Ira Gershwin ( 6 December 1896 &ndash 17 August 1983) was an American Lyricist who collaborated with his younger George Gershwin (September 26 1898 &ndash July 11 1937 was an American Composer. Thoroughly Modern Millie is a Tony Award -winning musical with music by Jeanine Tesori, lyrics by Dick Scanlan, and a book "

Spoken word recordings

Men

A 30-second excerpt of Dorothy Parker's Men (Text of poem)
Problems listening to the file? See media help.

References

  1. ^ Meade, Marion (1987). Dorothy Parker: What Fresh Hell Is This?. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 5. ISBN 0140116168 (paperback).  
  2. ^ Meade 6
  3. ^ a b "Dorothy Parker, 73, Literary Wit, Dies", New York Times, June 8, 1967. Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar.  
  4. ^ Meade 12
  5. ^ Meade 13
  6. ^ Herrmann, Dorothy (1982). With Malice Toward All: The Quips, Lives and Loves of Some Celebrated 20th-Century American Wits. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 78. ISBN 0399127100.  
  7. ^ Meade 14
  8. ^ Chambers, Dianne (1995), “Parker, Dorothy”, in Wagner-Martin, Linda, The Oxford Companion to Women's Writing in the United States, Oxford University Press 
  9. ^ Meade 16
  10. ^ Meade 27
  11. ^ Silverstein, Stuart Y. (1996). Not Much Fun: The Lost Poems of Dorothy Parker. New York: Scribner, 13. ISBN 0743211480 (paperback).  
  12. ^ Silverstein 13
  13. ^ Herrmann 78
  14. ^ Silverstein 18
  15. ^ Altman, Billy (1997). Laughter's Gentle Soul: The Life of Robert Benchley. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 146. ISBN 0393038335.  
  16. ^ Altman 156–8
  17. ^ Silverstein 32
  18. ^ Silverstein 62-3
  19. ^ a b Silverstein 35
  20. ^ Meade 177
  21. ^ Meade 178
  22. ^ Silverstein 36
  23. ^ Meade 132
  24. ^ Meade 138
  25. ^ Parker, Dorothy (1976). Far From Well, collected in The Portable Dorothy Parker, Revised and Enlarged Edition. New York: Penguin Books, 518. ISBN 0140150749.  
  26. ^ Silverstein 38
  27. ^ Herrmann 74
  28. ^ Meade 105
  29. ^ Silverstein 29
  30. ^ Herrmann 79
  31. ^ Silverstein 44
  32. ^ Meade 238
  33. ^ Silverstein 40
  34. ^ Dorothy Parker. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  35. ^ A Star is Born (1937) - Awards. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  36. ^ Smash-Up: The Story of a Woman - Awards. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  37. ^ Meade 318
  38. ^ Publisher's Note (1976). The Portable Dorothy Parker Revised and Enlarged Edition. New York, NY: Penguin. ISBN 0140150749.  
  39. ^ Meade 285
  40. ^ Koch, Stephen, Double Lives: Stalin, Willi Munzenberg and the Seduction of the Intellectuals, New York: Enigma Books (2004), Revised Edition, ISBN 1929631200
  41. ^ Caute, David, The Fellow Travellers: Intellectual Friends of Communism, New Haven: Yale University Press (1988), ISBN 0300041950
  42. ^ Caute, David, The Fellow Travellers: Intellectual Friends of Communism, New Haven: Yale University Press (1988), ISBN 0300041950
  43. ^ http://www.heretical.com/miscella/munzen.html
  44. ^ Buhle, Paul; Dave Wagner (2002). Radical Hollywood: The Untold Story Behind America's Favorite Movies. New York, NY: The New Press, 89. ISBN 1565847180.  
  45. ^ Altman 314
  46. ^ Meade 327
  47. ^ Meade 329
  48. ^ Meade 339
  49. ^ Silverstein 58
  50. ^ Dunning, John (1998). On The Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-507678-8.  
  51. ^ DOROTHY PARKER Writer, Versifier. Red Channels: The Report of Communist Influence in Radio and Television. Counterattack. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  52. ^ Kunkel, Thomas (1996). Genius in Disguise: Harold Ross of The New Yorker. Carrol & Graf, 405. ISBN 0786703237.  
  53. ^ Meade 346
  54. ^ Silverstein 56
  55. ^ Itzkovitz, Daniel (1998-05-28). Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Dorothy Rothschild Parker (1893–1967). Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved on 2005-09-25. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France
  56. ^ Ellison, Harlan. Daniel White for the Greater Good. Retrieved on 2007-09-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France
  57. ^ Strickland, Galen. Harlan Ellison. The Templeton gate. Retrieved on 2007-09-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France
  58. ^ alt.fan.harlan-ellison Harlan Ellison FAQ (1995). Retrieved on 2007-09-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France
  59. ^ Meade 380
  60. ^ Meade 392–3
  61. ^ Herrmann p. 85
  62. ^ Silverstein 59
  63. ^ Meade 413
  64. ^ Meade 412
  65. ^ Hitchens, Christopher (2000). Unacknowledged Legislation: Writers in the Public Sphere. New York, NY: Verso, 293. ISBN 1 85984 786 2.  
  66. ^ Heller Anderson, Susan (09-20), “City Makes It Official: Algonquin is Landmark”, New York Times, <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE6DE1E38F933A1575AC0A961948260>. Retrieved on 21 October 2007 
  67. ^ Friends of Libraries USA. 1996 dedications. Retrieved on 2007-09-13. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September
  68. ^ Friends of Libraries USA. Dedications by Author - P. Retrieved on 2007-09-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France
  69. ^ Silverstein 10–11
  70. ^ Meade 241
  71. ^ F. Scott Fitzgerald in Hollywood. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  72. ^ Julia. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  73. ^ Dash and Lilly. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.
  74. ^ Mrs. Parker and the Vicious Circle. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 2007-09-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 622 - Prophet Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina.

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