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Dornier Do 17

Dornier Do 17Z of the Luftwaffe
Type Bomber
Manufacturer Dornier Flugzeugwerke
Maiden flight 23 November 1934[1]
Introduced 1937
Retired 1945, Luftwaffe
13 September, 1947, Finland[2]
Primary users WWII Luftwaffe
Finnish Air Force
Number built 1,994
Variants Dornier Do 215

The Dornier Do 17, sometimes referred to as the Fliegender Bleistift ("flying pencil"), was a light bomber produced by Dornier. ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. A bomber is a Military aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets primarily by dropping Bombs on them An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts Dornier Flugzeugwerke was a German Aircraft manufacturer founded in Friedrichshafen in 1914 by Claudius Dornier The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1937: Events March March 5 - Imperial Airways opens a new This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1945: Events January January 1 - the Luftwaffe begins targeting Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1947 Events January January 26, A KLM Douglas Dakota crashed The Finnish Air Force (FAF ( Finnish: Ilmavoimat, Swedish: Flygvapnet) is one of the branches of the Finnish Defence Forces. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Light bomber is a relatively small and fast class of Military Bomber aircraft which was employed mainly before the 1950s Dornier Flugzeugwerke was a German Aircraft manufacturer founded in Friedrichshafen in 1914 by Claudius Dornier It was designed as a Schnellbomber, a light bomber so fast that it could simply outrun defending fighters. A Schnellbomber (German literally fast bomber) is the concept of a high-speed bomber aircraft developed in the 1930s when it was believed Light bomber is a relatively small and fast class of Military Bomber aircraft which was employed mainly before the 1950s A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed It was used in the first three years of World War II with some success by the Luftwaffe, before being sent to secondary roles and other nations when its performance was no longer up to front line service. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. A small run of an updated version known as the Do 215 was also produced for export, but ended up in Luftwaffe service. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The successor of the Do 17 was the Dornier Do 217. The Dornier Do 217 was a bomber used by Germany during World War II.

Contents

Design and development

In 1932 the Ordnance Department (Heereswaffenamt) issued a specification for the construction of a "freight aircraft for German State Railways", and a "high speed mail plane for Lufthansa". Waffenamt (WaA was the German Army Weapons Agency It was the centre for research and development of Germany and also during The Third Reich for weapons ammunition and army The Deutsche Reichsbahn ( DR, "German Reich Railway" – was the name of the German national railway created from the railways of the individual [1] The factory at Friedrichshafen began work on the design on 1 August 1932. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. [1]

When the Nazis had taken power in 1933, Hermann Göring became National Commissar for aviation with former Lufthansa employee Erhard Milch as his deputy, soon forming the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM - Air Ministry). Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Hermann Wilhelm Göring (also spelled Goering) (12 January 1893 15 October 1946 was a German Politician, Military leader and a leading member Erhard Milch ( March 30, 1892 &ndash January 25, 1972) was a German Field marshal who oversaw the development of the The Reich Air Ministry (Reichsluftfahrtministerium was a government department during the period of Nazi Germany (1933-45 The RLM designated the new aircraft Do 17, and on 17 March 1933, just three months after taking office, Milch gave the go-ahead for the building of prototypes. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. At the end of 1933, the RLM issued an order for a "high speed aircraft with double tail," and for a "freight aircraft with special equipment," in other words, a bomber. The original design (the Do 17V-1) configuration in 1932 had sported a single Vertical stabilizer, and Dornier continued developing that model. The vertical stabilizers, or fins, of Aircraft, Missiles or Bombs are typically found on the aft end of the Fuselage or body

In April 1934 the Dornier works at Manzell began project "definition. Friedrichshafen is a town on the northern side of Lake Constance ( Bodensee) in southern Germany, near the borders with Switzerland and Austria " During this month the defensive armament was designed and the bomb release mechanism details ironed out. Production of these prototypes began on 20 May 1934 and, on 23 November 1934 the Do 17 V-1 powered by two BMW VI7. Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 3 motors took off on its first flight. The V-2, also with a single vertical stabilizer flew on 18 May 1935 while the single tailed V-3 flew in September. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During the tests the single vertical stabilizer proved to be only marginally stable. It is claimed, unlike the Heinkel He 111 series, whose military use was planned from the start, that the Do 17V-1 was contracted solely as a fast six-passenger mail plane to compete with the smaller Heinkel He 70 monoplane[3] According to this version of the story, it was rejected by Lufthansa as the cramped cabin space was too uncomfortable for passenger use and the operating costs also were too high for a mail plane. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [4] The three prototypes remained unused in the Dornier factory in Lowental for almost six months, until Flight Captain Untucht of Lufthansa came across them. After receiving permission to fly one of the machines he proceeded to put it through an almost stunt flying routine. After landing, he said that "the machine is as nimble as a fighter, give it more lateral stability and we'll have a high speed bomber!" Untuchts comments prompted Dornier to redesign the tail unit. [5] The tests of the "twin-tailed" prototypes Do 17V-4, V-6 and V-7 were positive and more prototypes like the V-8 emerged as the forerunner of long-distance reconnaissance version, while the V-9 was tested as a high speed airliner. [6]

Later the Do 17E-1, F-1 and F-2 prototypes appeared. The E-1 was initially powered by two Daimler Benz 600 engines, but were later equipped with Bramo 323 powerplants. Daimler-Benz AG was a German manufacturer of automobiles motor vehicles and engines which was founded in 1926 WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [6] The modifications proved worthwhile. At the 1937 international airshow in Switzerland, the Dornier Do 17 MV 1 proved a leader in its class, and was faster than the fastest foreign fighter, the French Dewoitine D. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation 510. [5] The Do 17, along with the Messerschmitt Bf 109, won many prizes, demonstrating the prowess of German aviation designs. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [6]

Operational history

Bomber

Dornier Do 17E-1 of the Condor Legion
Dornier Do 17E-1 of the Condor Legion

The Do 17's baptism of fire came during the Spanish Civil War (1936-39), where it outpaced most enemy fighters and performed well. The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted Coup d'état committed by parts of the army against the government of The Spanish nicknamed the Dornier the Bacalaos, (Codfish). Cod is the common name for the Genus Gadus of Fish, belonging to the family Gadidae, and is also used in the common name of a variety In early 1937, mass production began on the Do 17E and Do 17F series. The Do 17F-1 was to replace the Heinkel He 70 as a high-flying fast reconnaissance aircraft, while the Do 17E-1 was to supplant the Condor Legion's aging Heinkel He 111B bomber. The Condor Legion (Legion Condor was a unit composed of "volunteers" from the German Air Force ( Luftwaffe) which served with the Nationalist [7] However, more modern Soviet-supplied Republican aircraft were capable of intercepting the E and F variants, which prompted an upgrade of the Dornier's defensive armament. The Second Spanish Republic was the system of government in Spain between April 14 1931, when King Alfonso XIII left the country

A series of new models introduced the new enlarged nose, greatly increasing defensive firepower, finally settling on the Z models, which were widely available by 1939. During the first phase of World War II, the Do 17, along with the He 111, formed the backbone of the Luftwaffe's Kampfgruppen (See Luftwaffe Organization). From 1939 to 1940, three of the Luftwaffe's bomber groups, KG 2, 3 and 76, operated the Dornier. [8] On 1 September 1939, 533 Dorniers and 705 Heinkels were combat ready. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [9] Its reliability and robustness afforded it great popularity in the Luftwaffe. [10]

Dornier Do 17Z-2 over France, Summer 1940
Dornier Do 17Z-2 over France, Summer 1940

During the Polish campaign, the Do 17Z could use its 265 mph (427 km/h) maximum speed to stay away from most enemy fighters, and its light armament was effective. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. It also fought with success during the Battle of France and losses were relatively light, although when facing modern fighters like the Hawker Hurricane, the bomber proved slower and more vulnerable. In World War II, the Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout When it faced British fighters during the Battle of Britain, it was shown that fast, well-armed monoplane fighters had changed the balance between bombers and fighter decidedly in favour of the latter. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Battle of Britain (German ''Luftschlacht um England'' is the name given to the sustained strategic effort by the German Luftwaffe during the summer and The Do 17 suffered in early raids.

Newsreel film of Do 17Z-2 with 20mm cannon mounted in nose, circa 1940
Newsreel film of Do 17Z-2 with 20mm cannon mounted in nose, circa 1940

Since the Fafnir was a low-altitude engine, the Luftwaffe responded by employing the Do 17 units in a number of terrain-following mass raids in an attempt to evade fighter opposition. The Dornier was maneuverable in comparison to the Heinkel and the more robust nature of radial engines made it ideal for low level attacks, with a number of units being fitted with 20mm cannon (see image). The Junkers Ju 88 was now entering service in larger numbers, replacing the Do 17 at higher altitudes. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

This advantage became moot on 7 September 1940, when the Luftwaffe switched to the bombing of London (known as the Blitz), requiring all-out attacks at medium altitude. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Blitz was the sustained bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941 in World War II. Losses mounted and on 15 September 1940, the three Dornier-equipped Kampfgruppen suffered heavily, losing twenty shot down and thirteen damaged. Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [11] The battle continued into October as the Luftwaffe concentrated on night attacks which were carried out by units mainly equipped with the Heinkel He 111 and Junkers Ju 88, as they had bigger bomb loads. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

With the introduction of the Junkers Ju 88 and the new Dornier Do 217 entering production, the Do 17's days were numbered, and production ceased in mid 1940. The Dornier Do 217 was a bomber used by Germany during World War II. Even with the end of production, the Dornier saw action in notable numbers after the Battle of Britain in the Balkan Campaign, Operation Barbarossa (the invasion of the Soviet Union), and with the other Axis air forces. The Balkans Campaign was the Axis Powers ' invasion of Greece and Yugoslavia during World War II. Operation Barbarossa ( Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the Codename for Nazi Germany 's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991

Initially, Yugoslavia had been pro-German, and looked set to join the Axis Powers, but a military coup had toppled the government and declared itself neutral. See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian The Axis powers also known as the Axis alliance Axis nations Axis countries or sometimes just the Axis were those Countries Infuriated, Adolf Hitler ordered the conquest of Yugoslavia. Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately The Yugoslavs had ordered twenty Do 17 Ka-2 at the end of 1940. These machines differed from the German Dorniers in that they were powered by French Gnome-Rhône Mistral Major engines. The Gnome-Rhône 14K Mistral Major was a 14-cylinder two-row air-cooled Radial engine. [12] In 1940, the Yugoslavs license built 50 of these variants, but most were destroyed in the campaign. [12] The Luftwaffe had committed Luftflotte 4 to the invasion. Luftflotte 4 (Air Fleet 4 was one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in World War II. Included in its strength were KG 2 and KG 3, the only Kampfgruppes in a force of seven equipped with the Do 17. [13]

After the successful conclusion of the Balkans campaign, the Luftwaffe prepared for Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. By this time, the Kampfgruppes had effectively converted to the Ju 88 and the Do 17 played a minimal part. Only two reconnaissance Staffel, and three Kampfgruppen employed the Dornier. [14] The Dornier's most notable action on the Eastern front occurred on 23-24 June at Grodno. The commander of the Soviet Western Front, General Armii Dmitriy Pavlov attempted a counterattack against Hermann Hoths Panzergruppe 3. Hermann "Papa" Hoth ( 12 April 1885 - 25 January 1971) was an officer in the German Military from With air superiority and no air opposition, Dornier Do 17s of III. /KG 2 destroyed columns of Soviet infantry. With help from other units, the Luftwaffe destroyed 105 Soviet tanks. The Soviet 6th and 11th Mechanised Corps and 6th Cavalry Corps were routed. For his unit's particular effectiveness, the commander of 9. /KG 2, Hauptmann Walter Bradel, received the Knight's Cross. Hauptmann is a German word usually translated as Captain when it is used as an officer's rank in the German, Austrian and Swiss armies Walter Bradel ( 31 July 1911 – 5 May 1943) was a Luftwaffe Bomber pilot and Geschwaderkommodore The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ( German language: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes, often simply Ritterkreuz) was a grade of the Iron Cross [15]

As 1941 wore on, the Dornier was phased out. Surviving aircraft were used as test beds for new technologies, while many others were handed off to allied nations over the next two years. It was also the template for the much larger and totally new, yet similar-looking, Dornier Do 217. The Dornier Do 217 was a bomber used by Germany during World War II.

The last of the "Flying Pencils" served with the Luftwaffe until late 1944. However, the Do 17 continued to see action in other air forces. Seven Do 17s serving with Finnish Air Force survived the end of hostilities and continued to serve until they were scrapped in 1947. The Finnish Air Force (FAF ( Finnish: Ilmavoimat, Swedish: Flygvapnet) is one of the branches of the Finnish Defence Forces. [2]

The Dornier was, and continues to be, overshadowed by the Luftwaffe's other bomber types, namely the He 111 and the Ju 88.

Night fighter

The Z-10 served for two years in the night fighter role, where it was used in Josef Kammhuber's defensive system, known as the Kammhuber Line. A night fighter (also all-weather fighter) is a Fighter aircraft adapted for use at night or in other times of bad visibility General Josef Kammhuber ( August 19, 1896 &ndash January 25, 1986) was the first General of the Night Fighters in the The Kammhuber Line was the name given to the German night Air defense system established in July 1940 by Colonel Josef Kammhuber. Each fighter was assigned a single "cell", with three strips of such cells running from Denmark to the middle of France. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Within each cell, a direction center on the ground tracked both the Kauz and a single target, guiding them until the target was visible in night glasses or the Spanner detector.

All surviving Z-10 were removed from front line duty in Summer 1942. They were either used as spare parts or transferred to night fighter schools.

Royal Yugoslav Air Force

Do 17K from the 3rd Bomber Regiment of Royal Yugoslav Air Force, April 1941
Do 17K from the 3rd Bomber Regiment of Royal Yugoslav Air Force, April 1941

At the beginning of the April war, the Royal Yugoslav Air Force (RYAF) possessed some 60 Dornier Do 17Ks. The Yugoslav Royal Air Force or Jugoslovensko Kraljevsko Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo (JKRV in Serbian & Croatian: Jugoslovensko Kraljevsko ratno zrakoplovstvo The only air force unit that was armed with this type was 3 vazduhoplovni puk (3rd Bomber Regiment), composed of two bomber groups; 63rd Bomber Group stationed at the airport Petrovac near Skopje and 64th Bomber Group stationed at the airport Milesevo near Pristina. Skopje (Скопје; Shkup or Shkupi is the Capital and largest city in the Republic of Macedonia, with more than a quarter of the population Mileševo (Милешево Hungarian: Drea) is a village in Serbia. During hostilities, the aircraft factory in Kraljevo managed to produce three more aircraft of this type. Kraljevo ( Serbian Cyrillic: Краљево) is a city and municipality located in Serbia at, built beside the Two were delivered to the RYAF on 10 April and one on 12 April 1941. Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Luftwaffe destroyed 26 of these Yugoslav Dorniers in the initial assault. Total Yugoslav losses stood at four destroyed in aerial combat and 45 destroyed on the ground. [16] Between 14 and 15 April, seven remaining Do 17Ks flew to Niksic airport and took part in the evacuation of King Petar II and members of the Yugoslav government to Greece. Nikšić ( Serbian Cyrillic: Никшић is a city in Montenegro ( Peter II of Yugoslavia, known also as Petar II Karađorđević ( Cyrillic: Краљ Петар II Карађорђевић (6 September 1923 – 3 November 1970 Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία During this operation, Yugoslav gold reserves were also airlifted to Greece by seven Do 17s. [16] After completing their task, five Do 17K were destroyed when Italian aircraft attacked the Greek Paramitia airport. Only two Do 17Ks escaped destruction and later joined the RAF in Egypt. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. During this time, it is also recorded that two Dorniers escaped to the Soviet Union. [16]

Finnish Air Force

In November 1941, German Air Marshal Hermann Göring decided to give 15 Dornier Do 17Z aircraft to the Finnish Air Force. Hermann Wilhelm Göring (also spelled Goering) (12 January 1893 15 October 1946 was a German Politician, Military leader and a leading member The Finnish Air Force (FAF ( Finnish: Ilmavoimat, Swedish: Flygvapnet) is one of the branches of the Finnish Defence Forces. No. 46 Squadron operated the Dorniers. The Finns used their Do 17 aircraft mainly for night bombing and against "soft" targets at the front, since the aircraft were considered obsolete – the speed and climbing abilities of the Do 17 were deemed inadequate by 1942 standards.

Only four aircraft remained in airworthy condition after the war. The Finns were obliged to scrap them in accordance with the peace treaty ending the conflict. The last one was scrapped in 1947.

Variants

Do 17E and F
The prototypes were powered by Daimler-Benz DB 600 engines, but these were constantly in short supply. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Production started instead with the BMW VI inline engine, creating the Do 17 E-1 bomber and Do 17 F-1 reconnaissance versions. The BMW VI was a water-cooled V-12 aircraft engine built in Germany in the 1920s A bomber is a Military aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets primarily by dropping Bombs on them Reconnaissance (also scouting) is a military and medical term denoting exploration conducted to gain information The bombload of the E-1 was 500 kg, and it was armed with two defensive MG 15 machine guns, one in a position on the cabin roof and one a small hatch in the floor with a restricted field of fire. The MG 15 was a 792 mm (031 in Machine gun designed specifically as a hand manipulated defensive gun for combat aircraft during the early 1930's
Do 17K
After seeing the Do 17 MV at the Zürich air races in 1937, the Yugoslavian Air Force bought licence rights for production at Drzavna Fabrika Aviona. Zürich (, Zürich German: Züri, Zurich, Zurigo; in English generally Zurich) is the largest city in Switzerland and capital of the See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian They equipped it with the considerably better Gnome-Rhône 14N radial engines and added a Hispano 20 mm cannon and three 7.92 mm Browning machine guns. The 14N was a 14-cylinder two-row air-cooled Radial engine designed and manufactured by Gnome-Rhône. The radial engine is a reciprocating type internal combustion Engine configuration in which the cylinders point outward from a central The Hispano-Suiza HS404 Autocannon was one of the most widely used aircraft weapons of the 20th century used by British, American The Browning M1919 is a.30 caliber Medium machine gun family widely used during the 20th century Three variants were built in Yugoslavia. The first being the Do 17Kb-1 bomber aircraft and the second was the Do 17Ka-2 reconnaissance aircraft. The final variant was the Do 17Ka-3 reconnaissance aircraft.
Do 17L and M
The Do 17 L-0 and Do 17 M-0 were developed in parallel as replacements for the earlier E and Fs, the L being the reconnaissance version. Both were designed around the more powerful DB 600A engines, delivering about 1,000 hp (750 kW). Two L and one M versions were built as prototypes, both with another MG 15 in the nose.
The feasibility of the Schnellbomber was demonstrated at the International Military Aircraft Competition at Zürich in 1937, where the Do 17M prototype finished ahead of all the fighters in the competition. Zürich (, Zürich German: Züri, Zurich, Zurigo; in English generally Zurich) is the largest city in Switzerland and capital of the
The supply of the DB 600 remained extremely limited as production was soon switched over to the fuel-injected DB 601, which was reserved for the Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Messerschmitt Bf 110. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Production versions of the basic Do 17M model airframe were thus fitted with the new Bramo 323A-1 Fafnir of 900 hp (670 kW), which gave reasonable performance and raised the bombload to 1,000 kg. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The resulting Do 17 M-1 was produced in small numbers and operated until the first year of the war, when they were withdrawn and sent to training units.
Do 17P
The L version would not be able to enter production with the DB 600, and the Bramo engine was rather thirsty and left the M models with too short a range for use in the reconnaissance role. BMW 132N radials of 865 hp (645 kW) were selected instead, which had lower fuel consumption for better range. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This Do 17 P-1 was produced in some numbers, but why this version was not called the L-1 is a mystery. Another two prototypes with DB 600 engines were produced as the Do 17 R-0, but did not enter production.
Do 17S and U
When fast monoplane fighters began catching up with the speed of the Do 17, a completely new pod-like cockpit was designed for the aircraft to give the crew more room and better visibility. The roof was extended upward over the line of the fuselage, sloping down to meet it just in front of the wing. The dorsal gun was moved to the rear of the pod where it had a considerably better field of fire. Likewise, the floor was dropped under the fuselage and the ventral gun moved to the back of the pod, allowing it to fire directly to the rear. The changes in the roof and floor made the whole front of the aircraft much larger.
Three prototypes with the DB 600 inverted-V engines were constructed as the Do 17 S-0 reconnaissance version, but it did not go into production. An additional fifteen Do 17 U-1 pathfinder models were built, similar to the S but adding an additional crewman (taking the total to five) to operate the extra radio equipment. The U models were to fly in ahead of other bombers on night missions, using the radio equipment to locate the target and drop flares on it. They were personally requested by KG 100 as experimental models for this role.
Dornier Do 17Z of the Finnish Air Force
Dornier Do 17Z of the Finnish Air Force
Do 17Z
Wide-scale production finally settled on the definitive Do 17Z models. The Finnish Air Force (FAF ( Finnish: Ilmavoimat, Swedish: Flygvapnet) is one of the branches of the Finnish Defence Forces. At first a batch of Z-0s were built with the Fafnir for testing, the DB 600 again proving to be too hard to come by. These were quickly replaced with the Z-1 model, which added another gun for the bombardier, but the additional weight of the nose and guns meant the bombload was reduced to 500 kg.
This was addressed in the major production model, the Do 17 Z-2. The Z-2 mounted the new 323P version of the Fafnir with 1,000 hp (750 kW), which was specifically tuned to the performance needs of the Do 17 by decreasing supercharger power at lower altitudes and thus improving low-level performance. A supercharger is an air compressor used for Forced induction of an Internal combustion engine. The increase in takeoff power allowed the bombload to be increased back to 1,000 kg. On the downside the new engines were also quite "thirsty" at low altitudes, and the combat range with a 1,000 kg bombload was a very short 205 miles (330 km). The armament was further upgraded by adding an additional pair of guns firing out of the sides of the upper part of the pod, but as the three guns were all fired by a single gunner, only one of them could be fired at a time.
Modifications of the basic Z-2 model included the 'Z-3 and Z-6, the reconnaissance version, the Z-4 dual-control trainer, and the Z-5 which included floatation cells in the fuselage and engine nacelles in case it was forced down on water. Some 537 Z-2s were produced before the lines shut down in July 1940.
Do 17 Z-7/Z-10 Kauz I/II
After bomber production ended in 1940, the Z model was modified with a "solid" nose from the Ju 88C, fitted with one 20 mm MG FF cannon and three 7. The MG FF was a drum-fed 20 mm aircraft Autocannon, developed in 1936 by Ikaria Werke Berlin of Germany. 92 mm MG 17s, to be used as night fighters. The MG 17 was a 792 mm Machine gun produced by Rheinmetall-Borsig for use at fixed mountings in many World War II Luftwaffe aircraft A night fighter (also all-weather fighter) is a Fighter aircraft adapted for use at night or in other times of bad visibility Three prototypes were converted from existing Z-series airframes to the Do 17 Z-7 Kauz I (screech-owl) configuration. Later the design was further modified to the Do 17 Z-10 Kauz II, the solid nose now containing an IR searchlight for the Spanner infrared detection system. Infrared ( IR) radiation is Electromagnetic radiation whose Wavelength is longer than that of Visible light, but shorter than that of The Z-10 was armed with four 7. 92 mm MG 17 machine guns grouped above the IR light and two 20 mm MG FF in the lower nose. The MG 17 was a 792 mm Machine gun produced by Rheinmetall-Borsig for use at fixed mountings in many World War II Luftwaffe aircraft Only ten of these Kauz II designs were converted from existing Z-series airframes. The Spanner system proved to be essentially useless and many Z-10 were left without detection system. At least one Z-10, coded CD+PV, was used as a flying testbed to help developing the Lichtenstein radar system in late 1941/1942. Lichtenstein Radar was a German airborne radar in use during World War II.
Do 215
Main article: Dornier Do 215
The Do 215 was developed as an export version of the Do 17Z series, was used as bomber, reconnaissance and night fighter aircraft. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Operators

Flag of Bulgaria Bulgaria
Flag of Croatia Croatia
Flag of Finland Finland
Flag of Germany Germany
Flag of Romania Romania
Flag of Hungary Hungary
Flag of Spain Spanish State
Flag of Switzerland Switzerland
Flag of Turkey Turkey
Flag of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia Kingdom of Yugoslavia
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Survivors

Up until recently none of the Dornier twin-engined bomber variants were thought to have survived. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croato-Slovene ie Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija The Yugoslav Royal Air Force or Jugoslovensko Kraljevsko Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo (JKRV in Serbian & Croatian: Jugoslovensko Kraljevsko ratno zrakoplovstvo The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In September 2007 a Do 215 B-5 (variant of Do 17Z) was found largely intact in the shallow waters off Waddenzee, The Netherlands. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands [28].

One of the Dorniers suriving relics. A stabiliser and rudder of a Dornier shot down on 28 August 1940
One of the Dorniers suriving relics. A stabiliser and rudder of a Dornier shot down on 28 August 1940

Specifications (Do 17 Z-2)

Data from [29]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament

See also

Related development

Comparable aircraft

Related lists

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Dressel and Griehl 1994, p. The MG FF was a drum-fed 20 mm aircraft Autocannon, developed in 1936 by Ikaria Werke Berlin of Germany. The MG 151 (MG 151/15 was a 15 mm Autocannon produced by Waffenfabrik Mauser starting in 1940 An autocannon is a rapid fire projectile Weapon. Autocannon often have a larger Caliber (calibre than a Machine gun (i WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Dornier Do 217 was a bomber used by Germany during World War II. The Dornier Do 317 was a planned German Heavy bomber of World War II. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout List of bomber aircraft is organized by grouped years countries and Bomber Aircraft type This list of military aircraft of Germany includes prototype pre-production and operational types 25.
  2. ^ a b Goss 2005, p. 16.
  3. ^ Nowarra 1990, p. 4-5.
  4. ^ Nowarra 1990, p. 4.
  5. ^ a b Nowarra 1990, p. 5.
  6. ^ a b c Dressel and Griehl 1994, p. 26.
  7. ^ Goss 2005, p. 9.
  8. ^ Goss 2005, p. 41, 49, 61.
  9. ^ Nowarra 1990, p. 36.
  10. ^ Nowarra 1990, p. 28.
  11. ^ Goss 2005, p. 60.
  12. ^ a b Nowarra 1990, p. 16.
  13. ^ Goss 2005, p. 89.
  14. ^ Goss 2005, p. 90.
  15. ^ Bergström 2007 (Barbarossa title), p. 23
  16. ^ a b c d Goss 2005, p. 10.
  17. ^ Green and Swanborough 1989, p. 67
  18. ^ Gross 2005, p. 91-92
  19. ^ Gross 2005, p. 100
  20. ^ Green 1967, p. 158
  21. ^ Gross 2005, p. 16
  22. ^ RHAF serials (1938-1945) History of the Hungarian Airforce. Retrieved 15 January 2008
  23. ^ Gross 2005, p. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 97
  24. ^ Green 1967, p. 145
  25. ^ Nowarra 1990, p. 35.
  26. ^ March 1998, p. 249.
  27. ^ RJ "Mick" Dudman
  28. ^ Flypast, No. 315, October 2007, p. 62-63.
  29. ^ Munson 1983, p. 225.

Bibliography

External links

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