| Don Rosa | |
 Don Rosa visiting Finland in 1999 |
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| Born | June 29, 1951 Louisville, Kentucky |
| Nationality | American |
| Area(s) | Artist, writer |
| Notable works | The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck etc. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a revisionist Comic book story by Don Rosa about Scrooge (full list) |
| Awards | full list |
Keno Don Hugo Rosa (often just called Don Rosa) (born June 29, 1951) is a comic book writer and illustrator best known for his stories about Scrooge McDuck, Donald Duck and other Disney characters. This is a complete (as of May 2007 list of Disney comics by Don Rosa. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Scrooge McDuck or Uncle Scrooge is a fictional Donald Duck is a cartoon character from The Walt Disney Company. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the His most famous work is The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck. The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a revisionist Comic book story by Don Rosa about Scrooge
Contents |
History
The name Rosa originates from Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest His grandfather, Gioachino Rosa, lived in Maniago, a small village at the foot of the Alps in Northern Italy, in the province of Pordenone. Maniago is a town and Comune located in the Province of Pordenone, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (north-eastern Italy) Related categories Central Italy Southern Italy Insular Italy Northeast Italy Pordenone ( Friulian: Pordenon) is a Comune of Pordenone province of northeast Italy in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Gioachino Rosa emigrated to Kentucky, United States in 1915 just after the birth of his son Hugo Rosa. The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Hugo Rosa was later married in Kentucky. His wife was born to a German American father and a mother with both Scottish and Irish ancestry. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry
Hugo Rosa and his wife became parents to Keno Don Hugo Rosa on June 29, 1951. The boy was named after both his father and grandfather. Gioachino was called 'Keno' for short.
Childhood
Don Rosa had always been fond of making cartoons. Don began drawing comics before being able to write. But he was always mostly focused on the story. The drawings were just mere illustrations to get the story told. Until high school his featured characters were mostly small men called Holey and Joe.
His favourite comic books while growing up were reportedly Uncle Scrooge by Western Publishing and the Superman titles by DC Comics. This article is about a comic book For information on the character see Scrooge McDuck. Western Publishing, also known as "Western Printing and Lithographing Co Superman is a fictional Comic book Superhero widely considered to be one of the most recognized of such characters and an American Cultural icon DC Comics is an American comic book and related media company
He entered the University of Kentucky in 1969. The University of Kentucky, also known as UK, is a public, Co-educational, University, and is also the state's land-grant university located He graduated in 1973 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in civil engineering. Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built
First cartoons
His first real cartoon was a comic strip featuring his own character, Lancelot Pertwillaby. The Pertwillaby Papers is an adventure Comic drawn by the famous Donald Duck artist Don Rosa He created the strip in 1971 for The Kentucky Kernel, a college newspaper of the University of Kentucky which wanted the strip to focus on political satire. The Kentucky Kernel is the daily Student newspaper of the University of Kentucky.
Rosa later talked them into letting him feature adventures starring Lancelot Pertwillaby and drew the story Lost in (an alternative section of) the Andes. (The title is a reference to Lost in the Andes!, a Donald Duck story by Carl Barks, first published in April, 1949. Lost in the Andes! is a Donald Duck story written by Carl Barks in April 1949 ) The so-called Pertwillaby Papers included 127 published episodes by the time Rosa graduated. The Pertwillaby Papers is an adventure Comic drawn by the famous Donald Duck artist Don Rosa
Meanwhile Rosa participated in a fanzine. A fanzine (see also Zine) is a nonprofessional publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon (such as a literary or musical genre for the pleasure His contribution was An Index of Uncle Scrooge Comics. According to his introduction: "Scrooge being my favorite character in comic history and Barks my favourite pure cartoonist, I'll try not to get carried away too much. "
After receiving his bachelor degree, Rosa continued to draw comics as a side job. He did not earn very much though from his creations. His main source of income came from working in the Keno Rosa Tile Company, a company founded by his paternal grandfather and which had by that time been taken over by Hugo Rosa.
Rosa authored and illustrated the monthly "Information Center" column in the fanzine "The Rocket's Blast Comicollector" from 1974 to 1979. He also revived the Pertwillaby Papers from 1976 to 1978.
Rosa took a chance at more professional cartooning with his creation of the comic strip character Captain Kentucky for the Saturday edition of the local newspaper Louisville Times. The Pertwillaby Papers is an adventure Comic drawn by the famous Donald Duck artist Don Rosa Captain Kentucky was the superhero alter ego of Lancelot Pertwillaby. Publication started on October 6, 1979. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The comic strip ended on August 15, 1982 after the publication of 150 episodes. Events 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, at which Roland is killed Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) After three years with Captain Kentucky, Don decided that it was not worth the effort. He retired from cartooning and did not draw a single line for the next four years. Years later, as his fame grew, his non-Disney work was published by the Norwegian publisher Gazette Bok in 2001, in the two hard-cover books The Pertwillaby Papers and The Adventures of Captain Kentucky.
Marriage
Rosa married schoolteacher Ann Payne in 1980. They have no children.
Working for Gladstone
In 1985, he discovered a Gladstone comic book in the window of a small comic shop. Gladstone Publishing was an American company that published Disney comics from 1986 to 1990 and from 1993 to 1998. This was the first American comic book that contained Disney-characters after the 1970s. Since early childhood Don Rosa had been fascinated by Disney stories about Donald Duck and Scrooge McDuck. Donald Duck is a cartoon character from The Walt Disney Company. Scrooge McDuck or Uncle Scrooge is a fictional Artist Carl Barks was an especially big idol for him and would remain so for the rest of his career. Carl Barks ( March 27, 1901 &ndash August 25, 2000) was a famous Disney Studio illustrator and Comic book creator who He immediately called the editor, Byron Erickson, and told him that he was the only American who was born to write and draw Scrooge McDuck comics. Byron Erickson, born February 3 1951 in Tucson, Arizona, works at Egmont, and is Don Rosa 's editor Byron agreed to let him send a story, and Don Rosa started drawing his first Duck story: Son of the Sun the very next day. The Son of the Sun is the first Scrooge McDuck Comic by Don Rosa, first published in 1986
Son of the Sun was a huge success and was nominated for a Harvey Award. The Harvey Awards, named for writer-artist Harvey Kurtzman (1924-1993 and coordinated by the publisher Fantagraphics are given for achievement in Comic books The plot of the story was exactly the same as his earlier story Lost in (an alternative section of) the Andes. As Don Rosa formulated it, he was just "(. . . ) turning that old Pertwillaby Papers adventure back into the story it originally was in my head, starring Scrooge, Donald, the nephews, and Flintheart Glomgold. Huey, Dewey, and Louie Duck are a trio of Ducks who appear in Animated cartoons and Comic books published by The Walt Disney Company Flintheart Glomgold is a Fictional character in Disney Comic books, one of Scrooge McDuck 's main rivals who holds the title of The Second "
Don Rosa did a few more comics for Gladstone till 1989. He then stopped working for them because the policies of their licensor Disney did not allow for the return of original art for a story to its creators. This was unacceptable to Don Rosa, since a part of his income came from selling the originals. Without that extra money, he could not make a living drawing comic books.
After making some stories for the Dutch publisher Oberon, the publishers of an American Disney children's magazine called DuckTales (based on of the animated series of the same name) offered him employment. DuckTales is an American Animated television series produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. They even offered him a much higher salary than the one he received at Gladstone. Don made just one script (Back in Time for a Dime). The publishers never asked him to make more, and due to problems with receiving the payment, he didn't care.
Working for Egmont
After working with the DuckTales magazine, Rosa found out that the Danish publisher Egmont (at that time called Gutenberghus) had been publishing reprints of his stories and wanted more of them. Egmont is one of the leading Media industry groups of Scandinavia. Don joined Egmont in 1990 along with Byron Erickson, the former editor at Gladstone and has been working there as a freelancer since then. Byron Erickson, born February 3 1951 in Tucson, Arizona, works at Egmont, and is Don Rosa 's editor
In 1991 he started creating The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck, a twelve chapter story about his favorite character. The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a revisionist Comic book story by Don Rosa about Scrooge The series was a huge success, and in 1995 he won an Eisner Award for best continuing series. The Will Eisner Comic Industry Award is a prize given for creative achievement in American Comic books It is named in honor of the pioneering writer and artist Will Eisner After the end of the original series, Don started producing additional "missing" chapters. Some of the extra chapters were turned down by Egmont because they were not interested in any more episodes. Fortunately, the French publisher Picsou was eager to publish the stories. Picsou Magazine is a French Magazine featuring characters from The Scrooge McDuck universe. From 1999, Don started working freelance for Picsou as well. Some of these chapters were recently compiled as the Life and times of Scrooge McDuck Companion.
During early summer 2002, Don Rosa suddenly laid down work. As an artist he could not live under the conditions Egmont was offering him, but he did not want to give up making Scrooge McDuck comics either. So his only choice was to put down work for a while and try to come to an agreement with Egmont. His main issues were that he had no control over his works. Don had discovered far too often that his stories were printed with incorrect pages of art, improper colors, poor lettering, or pixelated computer conversions of the illustrations. In Computer graphics, pixellation (or pixelation in American English is an effect caused by displaying a bitmap or a section of a Bitmap at such a large Another matter was that his name was used in promotion of books and collections of stories without his agreement and without sending royalties to him.
He came to an agreement with Egmont in December of the same year, which gave him a bit more control over the stories and the manner in which they were publicized.
Don remains popular with readers across Europe but considers himself rather obscure in his native United States, an irony worthy of a satirical artist.
His work
In Europe, Don Rosa is recognized as one of the best Disney comics creators ever. Carl Barks and Don Rosa are some of the few artists who have their name written on the covers of Disney magazines when their stories are published. Carl Barks ( March 27, 1901 &ndash August 25, 2000) was a famous Disney Studio illustrator and Comic book creator who His stories are very easily recognized due to his unique drawing style, his pictures being extremely detailed. Rosa enjoys including subtle references to his favorite works of fiction as well as his own previous work. He normally uses about 12 frames per page, instead of the more common 8. He needs to use the extra frames because his stories usually are too long to be published if he does not minimize them.
Don Rosa has a huge following in Finland, and in 1999, he created a special 32-page Donald, Scrooge, Gearloose & nephews strip for his Finnish fans; Sammon Salaisuus (translates to The secret of the Sampo, but it is officially named The Quest for Kalevala [1] in English), based on the Finnish national epic, the Kalevala. Finland, officially the Republic of Finland ( is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of northern Europe. In Finnish mythology, the Sampo was a magical artifact constructed by Ilmarinen that brought good fortune to its holder nobody knows exactly what The Quest for Kalevala is an Uncle Scrooge Comic book story written and drawn by Keno Don Rosa in 1999 The Kalevala is a book and epic poem which the Finn Elias Lönnrot compiled from Finnish and Karelian Folklore in the nineteenth It was published in many other countries as well. The cover for the comic book was a spoof of a famous painting by Akseli Gallen-Kallela. Akseli Gallen-Kallela ( April 26 1865 &ndash March 7 1931)was a Finnish painter who is best known for his illustrations
Drawing style
With a bachelor of arts degree in civil engineering as his only real drawing education, Don Rosa has some unusual drawing methods, as he writes himself: "I suspect nothing I do is done the way anyone else does it. " Because of being self-taught in making comics, Don relies mostly on the skills he learned in engineering school -- which means using technical pens and templates a lot. He applies forms of plastic artifacts to draw curves, circles and ovals. He usually draws just under a page per day, but that depends on the amount of detail he puts in the picture.
Don's drawing style is considered much more detailed and "dirtier" than that of most other Disney artists, living or dead, and often likened to that of underground artists, of which he is most frequently compared to Robert Crumb. Underground comics (or comix) are Small press or self-published Comic books that began to appear in the US in the late 1960s Robert Dennis Crumb (born August 30, 1943) often credited simply as R [1] When Don was first told of this similarity, he felt rather estranged, because he had never even read an underground comic before and also because he soon found out about underground-related themes he would never tackle, and he went on to explain these similarities to underground artists with a similar background of making comics as a hobby:
- "I think that both my style and that of Robert Crumb are similar only because we both grew up making comics for our personal enjoyment, without ever taking drawing seriously, and without ever trying to attain a style that would please the average comics publisher. We drew comics for fun!"[2]
Carl Barks
Don Rosa's greatest idol when it comes to comics has always been Carl Barks. Rosa builds almost all his stories on characters and locations that Barks invented. Many of Rosa's stories contain references to some fact pointed out in a Barks story. Rosa has even created sequels of old Barks stories. For example, his Return To Xanadu is a sequel to Tralla La, where the Ducks return to the same hidden country. Tralla La is a Scrooge McDuck Comic book story by Carl Barks. To add more to his admiration and consistency to Barks and Barks' stories, Rosa makes all his ducks' stories set in the 50's. This is because Barks writes most of the stories about Scrooge, Donald and all people of Duckburg in the 50's (it also conveniently resolves continuity errors, such as Scrooge's age). As explained in text pages in the Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck and its companion volume, Rosa does intense research of time periods to ensure not only that he gets the physical details right, but also to ensure that all characters could have been present. The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck Companion is a 2006 trade paperback by Don Rosa published by Gemstone Publishing for The Walt Disney Company
Barks either created most of the characters used by Don or is credited for greatly developing their personalities. Rosa thus feels obliged to make his stories factually consistent. He has spent a lot of time in making lists of facts and anecdotes pointed out in different stories by his mentor. Especially The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck was based mostly on the earlier works of Barks. Don admitted however that a scene of the first chapter was inspired by a story by Tony Strobl. Anthony Joseph (Tony Strobl ( May 12 1915 &ndash December 29 1991) was an American
D. U. C. K.
Most Don Rosa stories have the letters D. U. C. K hidden somewhere in the first panel. Don's covers also usually have D. U. C. K. in them. This is an acronym for Dedicated to Unca Carl from Keno. Acronyms, initialisms, and alphabetisms are Abbreviations that are formed using the initial components in a phrase or name Because Disney would not allow for personal signatures in the comics, and thought that D. U. C. K looked too much like one, Don Rosa has made a habit of hiding the letters in various unlikely places. Many of his readers have made a sport out of finding them. D. U. C. K is in most cases hidden in the very first image, on the first page of the story. D. U. C. K. is also often hidden in Rosa's cover-art, which he makes for his own stories and reprints of old Carl Barks stories. Ironically, almost every time Don Rosa gets an article about him in the weekly Disney comics (at least in European editions), the D. U. C. K. -dedication is mentioned.
Mickeys
Another curiosity is his Hidden Mickeys. A Hidden Mickey is a subtle formation of a silhouette of the head of Mickey Mouse and his two ears a more complete representation of Mickey Mouse (such as Mickey mixed in with Don Rosa is only interested in creating stories featuring the Duck family, but he often hides small Mickey Mouse heads or figures in the pictures, sometimes in a humiliating or unwanted situation. Mickey Mouse is a comic animal Cartoon character who has become an icon for The Walt Disney Company. An example of this is in the story The Terror of the Transvaal where a flat Mickey can be seen under an elephant's foot. The Terror of the Transvaal is a Scrooge McDuck Comic by Don Rosa. This is mostly a gag done for the fun of it. Don has admitted to neither liking nor disliking Mickey Mouse, but being indifferent to him.
In the story Attack of the Hideous Space-Varmints, the asteroid with Uncle Scrooge's money bin on it crashes into the Moon among with two missiles, creating a large Mickey Mouse head on the surface. Attack of the Hideous Space-Varmints or Attack of the Hideous Space Monsters is a 1997 Donald Duck story by Don Rosa. When Huey, Dewey and Louie tell Scrooge that the missiles hit the dark side of the Moon, Scrooge is thankful no one is going to see it - "For a minute there, I thought we were going to have some legal problems. Huey, Dewey, and Louie Duck are a trio of Ducks who appear in Animated cartoons and Comic books published by The Walt Disney Company "
In the second Rosa story featuring The Three Caballeros, Donald Duck is shocked by the sight of a capybara standing on its hind legs, with shrubs, leaves and fruit in front of its body, coincidentally making it look like Mickey Mouse. The Three Caballeros is a 1944 Animated feature film produced by Walt Disney and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. Capybara ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) also known as capibara, chigüire in Venezuela chigüiro, carpincho José Carioca and Panchito Pistoles, never having seen Mickey Mouse, ask Donald what is wrong, but Donald replies he is just tired. Panchito Pistoles, often called Panchito (and sometimes Panchito Pistolas) is a Cartoon character drawn as an Anthropomorphized Rooster Later in the same story the Caballeros free several animals from a poacher and one panel shows the animals flee. Poaching is the illegal Hunting, Fishing or Harvesting of wild plants or animals Mickey can be seen among them.
In The Quest for Kalevala this running gag can be seen on the original, Akseli Gallen-Kallela -inspired cover art. The Quest for Kalevala is an Uncle Scrooge Comic book story written and drawn by Keno Don Rosa in 1999 Akseli Gallen-Kallela ( April 26 1865 &ndash March 7 1931)was a Finnish painter who is best known for his illustrations In the original work, Louhi is depicted as bare-chested, but the Disneyfied version has been drawn a top, of fabric patterned with Mickey Mouse heads. In Finnish mythology and the mythology of Lapland, Louhi is a queen of the land known as Pohjola.
Awards
His work has won him a good deal of recognition in the industry, including nominations for the Comics' Buyer's Guide Award for Favorite Writer in 1997, 1998, and 1999.
In 1995 he was awarded the Eisner Award for "Best Serialized Story" for The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck
His story The Black Knight GLORPS Again! has recently been nominated for the Eisner Award 2007 in the category Best Short Story. The Will Eisner Comic Industry Award is a prize given for creative achievement in American Comic books It is named in honor of the pioneering writer and artist Will Eisner The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a revisionist Comic book story by Don Rosa about Scrooge [2] He has also been nominated for 2007 Harvey Awards in five categories (more than any other creator for this year) for Uncle Scrooge comics: Best Writer, Best Artist, Best Cartoonist, Best Cover Artist, and Special Award for Humor in Comics. The Harvey Awards, named for writer-artist Harvey Kurtzman (1924-1993 and coordinated by the publisher Fantagraphics are given for achievement in Comic books [3]
See also
References
- ^ Interview with Don Rosa, by Didier Ghez, June 1996
- ^ Rosa's First Steps, translated back from Greek original article in Komix magazine #172, September 2002, translated by Kriton Kyrimis
External links
- Don Rosa at the INDUCKS
- DuckMaster
- Artwork and details presented by Don Rosa
- excerpt from interview in Comics Journal #183
- Duckhunt
- Duckstories Don Rosa and Carl Barks database (English) (French)
- Article about his work
- Timeline
- Detailed profile of Don Rosa
- Different information by Don Rosa
- Another Detailed profile of Don Rosa
- Comic Book Awards Almanac
- Rosa's two non-Disney hardcover books
- Launching the two non-Disney hardcover books
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