| Domain/OS | |
| Company/ developer |
Apollo Computer |
|---|---|
| OS family | AEGIS/Unix |
| Available programming languages(s) | C, C++, Fortran, Pascal |
| Supported platforms | Apollo/Domain workstations |
| Default user interface | GUI/CLI |
| Working state | Historic |
Domain/OS is the operating system used by the Apollo/Domain line of workstations manufactured by Apollo Computer, Inc. The software industry comprises businesses involved in the development, maintenance and publication of Computer software. A software developer is a person or organization concerned with facets of the software development process wider than design and coding a somewhat broader scope of Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX, sometimes also written as Unix with Small caps) is a computer A programming language is an Artificial language that can be used to write programs which control the behavior of a machine particularly a Computer. tags please moot on the talk page first! --> In Computing, C is a general-purpose cross-platform block structured C++ (" C Plus Plus " ˌsiːˌplʌsˈplʌs is a general-purpose Programming language. Fortran (previously FORTRAN) is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative Programming language that is especially suited to Pascal is an influential imperative and procedural Programming language, designed in 1968/9 and published in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth as a small The user interface (or Human Computer Interface) is the aggregate of means by which people&mdash the users '&mdash interact with the System An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination A workstation, such as a Unix workstation, RISC workstation or Engineering workstation, is a high-end Microcomputer during the late 1980s, as the successor to the one previously used, AEGIS. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. It was one of the early distributed operating systems. Parallel computing is a form of computation in which many instructions are carried out simultaneously operating on the principle that large problems can often The operating system was supported for a short time by Hewlett-Packard, after they purchased Apollo, but they later ended the product line in favor of their HP-UX Unix variant. HP-UX (Hewlett Packard UniX is Hewlett-Packard 's proprietary implementation of the Unix Operating system, based on System V (initially Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX, sometimes also written as Unix with Small caps) is a computer HP ended final support for Domain/OS on January 1, 2001. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.
Contents |
AEGIS
AEGIS was distinctive mainly for being designed for the networked computer, as distinct from its competitors, which were essentially standalone systems with added network features. The prime examples of this were the file system, which was fully integrated across machines, as opposed to Unix which even now draws a distinction between file systems on the host system and on others, and the user administration system, which was fundamentally network-based. In Computing, a file system (often also written as filesystem) is a method for storing and organizing Computer files and the data they contain to make So basic was this orientation that even a standalone Apollo machine could not be configured without a network card. A Network card, Network Adapter, LAN Adapter or NIC (network interface card is a piece of Computer hardware designed to allow computers
Otherwise, AEGIS was similar to other workstations of the time, in that it used a high-resolution graphics screen and mouse to provide a type of GUI which, however, lacked almost all the tools (such as a directory browser) taken for granted today - the single exception being a Notepad-like text editor. Notepad is a simple Text editor included with all versions of Microsoft Windows since Windows 1 A text editor is a type of program used for editing plain Text files Text editors are often provided with Operating systems or software development Instead, the user was given a command line window similar (although superior) to the DOS command line. DOS, short for "Disk Operating System" is a shorthand term for several closely related Operating systems that dominated the IBM PC compatible market This was not a problem since, usually, the machine would have been bought for a specific purpose, and the user would simply invoke the one or two packages he or she was interested in, typically a CAD or DTP system. Desktop publishing (also known as DTP) combines a Personal computer and WYSIWYG page layout Software to create Publication Documents Administrators were expected to work solely from the command line. The AEGIS command interface was similar to Unix, in that it had a command line interpreter which understood pipes, redirection, scripting, etc. Unix (officially trademarked as UNIX, sometimes also written as Unix with Small caps) is a computer In Software engineering, a pipeline consists of a chain of processing elements ( processes, threads, Coroutines etc. "Scripting" redirects here For other uses see Script. , and invoked other commands as separate programs, but the actual commands themselves were designed to be easier to remember and use than their sometimes cryptic Unix equivalents, and wildcards were expected to be expanded by individual commands rather than by the command line interpreter itself. For other meanings of 'wild card' see Wild card. The term wildcard character has the following meanings Telecommunication In One noticeable and very useful feature was the ability to embed environment variables in symbolic links, which, for example, allowed the user to switch between different versions of Unix simply by setting the SYSTYPE environment variable accordingly; symbolic links then pointed to the correct versions of the files. Environment variables are a set of dynamic values that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer In Computing, a symbolic link (also symlink or soft link) is a special type of file that contains a reference to another
Domain/OS
Domain/OS implemented functionality derived from both System V and early BSD Unix systems. Unix System V, commonly abbreviated SysV (and usually pronounced though rarely written as System 5 was one of the versions of the Unix Operating system It improved on AEGIS by providing a core OS upon which the user could install any or all of three environments; AEGIS, System V Unix, and BSD Unix. In some versions of the Unix Operating system, the term universe was used to denote some variant of the working environment This was done in order to provide greater compatibility with Unix; AEGIS version SR9, which immediately preceded Domain/OS (itself numbered SR10) had had an optional product called Domain/IX available, which provided a similar capability, but with some drawbacks, principally the fact that core administrative tasks still required AEGIS commands. Also, the SR9 permissions system was not fully compatible with Unix behaviour. Domain/OS provided new administrative commands and a more complex permissions system which could be configured to behave properly under any of the three environments. Domain/OS also provided an improved version of the X Window System, complete with VUE (HP's predecessor to CDE), but performance tended to be poor. In Computing, Visual User Environment ( VUE or HP-VUE) was Hewlett-Packard 's Desktop environment for the X Window System The Common Desktop Environment ( CDE) a Graphical Desktop environment for Unix, leverages the Motif Widget toolkit
User upgrading from AEGIS SR9 to Domain/OS SR10 was slowed by the fact that many users saw no requirement; by increased disk space requirements; by new and more complex administration tools; by SR10's poorer performance; and by the buggy nature of SR10. 0, although later versions were much more reliable. However, later HP/Apollo machines (the DN10000, DN2500 and 4xx series workstations) could only run SR10.
Unlike many operating systems of the day, which were written in C or assembly language, many Domain/OS components were written in Pascal, although compilers were available for C, C++, Pascal, and Fortran. tags please moot on the talk page first! --> In Computing, C is a general-purpose cross-platform block structured See the terminology section below for information regarding inconsistent use of the terms assembly and assembler Pascal is an influential imperative and procedural Programming language, designed in 1968/9 and published in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth as a small tags please moot on the talk page first! --> In Computing, C is a general-purpose cross-platform block structured C++ (" C Plus Plus " ˌsiːˌplʌsˈplʌs is a general-purpose Programming language. Pascal is an influential imperative and procedural Programming language, designed in 1968/9 and published in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth as a small Fortran (previously FORTRAN) is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative Programming language that is especially suited to
All of the distributed administration features of Domain/OS were built around a remote procedure call system called NCS RPC. Remote procedure call ( RPC) is an Inter-process communication technology that allows a Computer program to cause a Subroutine or procedure to Though RPC was later end-of-lifed with the operating system, HP contributed RPC to the Open Software Foundation, which incorporated its Interface Definition Language (IDL) into their DCE product, from which the same technology was later used for CORBA. The Open Software Foundation ( OSF) was an organization founded in 1988 to create an Open standard for an implementation of the Unix operating An interface description language (or alternately interface definition language) or IDL for short is a Specification language used to describe a The Distributed Computing Environment (DCE is a software system developed in the early 1990s by a consortium that included Apollo Computer (later part of Hewlett-Packard The Common Object Requesting Broker Architecture (CORBA is a standard defined by the Object Management Group (OMG that enables software components written One of the original developers went to work for Microsoft, where he developed MSRPC as a fairly compatible clone which today forms a central component of Windows systems. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer MSRPC ( Microsoft Remote Procedure Call) is a modified version of DCE/RPC. Traces of the history can be seen to this day in protocol names such as ncacn_http.
History
Domain/OS incorporated several ideas from MULTICS, including single level store and dynamic linking. Multics ( Mult iplexed I nformation and C omputing S ervice was an extremely influential early Time-sharing Operating system Single-level store ( SLS) is a term most often associated with the IBM System i Operating system, I5/OS, although it was originally In Computer science, a library is a collection of Subroutines used to develop Software.
External links
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