Dnipropetrovsk Дніпропетровськ
Modern apartment blocks dominate the shoreline of the Dnieper River in the city. For the rocket see Dnepr rocket. For other uses see Dnieper (disambiguation.
Coat of arms
Map of Ukraine with Dnipropetrovsk highlighted.
Coordinates: 48°27′0″N 34°59′0″E / 48.45, 34.98333
Country	Ukraine
Oblast	Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
City Municipality	Dnipropetrovsk
Founded	1776
Raions	8 Amur-Nizhniodniprovskyi Raion Babushkinskyi Raion Zhovntevyi Raion Industrialnyi Raion Kirovskyi Raion Krasnohvardiyskyi Raion Leninskyi Raion Samarskyi Raion
Government
- Mayor	Ivan Ivanovych Kulichenko
Area
- Total	405 km² (156. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Дніпропетровська область Dnipropetrovs’ka oblast’ or Дніпропетровщина Dnipropetrovshchyna) For the manufactured regenerated fiber see Rayon A raion (or rayon) (райо́н ra'jon rayon раён რაიონი Year 1776 ( MDCCLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 4 sq mi)
Elevation	155 m (509 ft)
Population (2007)
- Total	1,040,000
- Density	2,968/km² (7,687. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 1/sq mi)
Postal code	49000
Area code(s)	+380 56(2)
Sister cities	Vilnius, Durham Region, Samara, Tashkent, Xi'an, Herzliya, Žilina, Saloniki
Website: rada.dp.ua / gorod.dp.ua

Dnipropetrovsk (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровськ; Russian: Днепропетро́вск, Dnepropetrovsk; formerly Yekaterinoslav, Екатериносла́въ) is Ukraine's third largest city with 1. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Herzliya (הֶרְצְלִיָּה is a city of 84100 residents located on the central coast of Israel. Žilina ( Sillein Zsolna names in other languages) is a city in north-western Slovakia, around from the capital Bratislava. Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη), Thessalonica, or Salonica is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of Macedonia Ukrainian (in Ukrainian украї́нська мо́ва ukrayins'ka mova,) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 1 million inhabitants. ^[1] It is located south of Ukraine's capital Kiev (Kyiv) on the Dnieper River, in the south-central region of the country. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the For the rocket see Dnepr rocket. For other uses see Dnieper (disambiguation. Dnipropetrovsk is the administrative center of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (province). Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Дніпропетровська область Dnipropetrovs’ka oblast’ or Дніпропетровщина Dnipropetrovshchyna) Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division

A vital industrial center of Ukraine, Dnipropetrovsk was one of the key centers of the nuclear, arms, and space industries of the former Soviet Union. Nuclear power is any Nuclear technology designed to extract usable Energy from atomic nuclei via controlled Nuclear reactions The arms industry is a global Industry and Business which Manufactures and sells Weapons and Military technology and equipment. The Soviet space program consisted of initiatives within the Soviet Union by competing design groups The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 In particular, it is home to Yuzhmash, a major space and ballistic missile designer and manufacturer. The AM Makarov Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant, or PA Yuzhmash (Виробниче Об'єднання Південний Машинобудівний Завод імені А A ballistic missile is a Missile that follows a Sub-orbital ballistic flightpath with the objective of delivering a warhead to a predetermined target Because of its military industry, the city was a closed city^[2] until the 1990s. A closed city or closed town is a settlement in the former Soviet Union with travel and residency restrictions

Dnipropetrovsk has a highly-developed public transportation system, including the Dnipropetrovsk Metro, which consists of one metro line with a total of 6 stations. The Dnipropetrovsk Metro (Дніпропетровський метрополітен Днепропетровский метрополитен is a single-line metro system

Geography

Climate

During the summer, Dnipropetrovsk is very warm (average day temperature in July is +24 to +27 °C (76 to 80 °F), and in the winter, it is cold (average day temperature in January is −3 to +4 °C (+24 to +39 °F). The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale.

The best time for visiting the city is in late spring — second part of April and May, and early in autumn: September, October, when the city's trees turn yellow. Long periods of rain are normal in autumn. Other times are mainly dry with a few showers.

The climate is a mixture of temperate and continental climates and sometimes in the winter it is very cold and snowy (sometimes dropping down to −10 to −15 °C), and in summer, the city is not very hot (up to +29 to +30 °C). Continental climate is a Climate that is characterized by Winter Temperatures cold enough to support a fixed period of Snow cover each Year ^[3]

"However, the city is characterized with significant pollution of air with industrial emissions. "^[4]

History

Museum of Kipchak steppe art in Karla Marksa

The first people appeared in the area somewhere about 150,000 years ago. The settlements of these early people were found in the outskirts of the city and on Monastyrsky Island. This unique island appears throughout the history of Prydniprovye, as a consistent center of events as well as the ancient nucleus of the city. After the last Ice Age—10 thousand years ago—the settling of the Prydniprovye area began more intensely. An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets In ~3500-2700 BC the first farmers lived here (the so-called Tripolskaya culture people). Trypillia (Трипiлля Триполье Tripolye) is a village in Ukraine in Kiev Oblast with 2800 inhabitants (as of 1 January

The mighty, broad Dnieper River (Greeks called it the Borysthenes, 'Borisphen' in local pronunciation) with its picturesque islands and peaceful backwaters, lush flood-meadows and shadowy oak woods stretches along river valleys and ravines. Abundant game and fish in local forests and waters are a result of good climate and vast fertile land. . . All this attracted hunters, fishers, cattle-breeders and land-tillers to these parts.

3000 years ago, the cattle-breeders came from the East—Cimmerians, written about by Homer and glorified by Hollywood ("Conan the Barbarian"). See Cimmeria (Conan or Cimmeria (Poem for the fiction of Robert E Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the

They gradually overcame the Scythians (~700 BC), who were known for their graceful creations from bronze and named as a frontier area of ancient civilization (Crimea). The Scythians or Scyths (Σκύθες Σκύθοι were an Iranian speaking people of horse-riding Nomadic pastoralists who dominated the Pontic Crimea (kraɪˈmiːə or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Крим Автономна Республіка Крим Avtonomna Respublika Krym; Крым The invasions from the East proceeded and in 200 BC the Sarmatians came here. The Sarmatians, Sarmatae or Sauromatae ( Old Iranian Sarumatah 'archer' Σαρμάτες They won and assimilated the rests of Scythians.

Most inhabitants of the city and visitors know and like the distinctive features of the small square near the Museum of History—the place where the 'Stony Women' stay (which actually are not females. . . and are shown in the photo above). The visitors are amazed with the centuries-old natives—their oval forms. They were creations of a steppe nomadic people called the Cumans or Kipchaks and are a modular collection from neighboring barrows. Cumans (Кумани Byzantine: Kuman or Cuman, Kunok Turkic: Kumanlar) were a nomadic Turkic people who inhabited a In the past they served as the index points for the steppe inhabitants.

The first century of the new era was marked by fast inhabitation of the Dnieper River banks by Slavic tribes. The rocks of Monastyrsky Island remember well the first time Slavs floated down the Dnieper River to the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

On this island in the IX century the Monastery was founded by Byzantine monks (from it the island received its name). It existed until 1240 when it was destroyed by Tatars. Tatars ( Tatar: Tatarlar/Татарлар sometimes spelled Tartars, are a Turkic -speaking ethnic group or multiple ethnic groups The Dnieper River has for many centuries served as a border between East and West and its banks have served as arena of struggle between the Slavs and the Asian nomads.

This situation continued for many centuries until the XV century when there appeared a new force - the free people - Cossacks - Zaporiz'ki Kazaky (Zaporizhya - the lands south of Prydniprovye, translate as "The Land After the Weirs [Rapids]"). The Cossacks (Каза́ки́ Kazaki; Козаки́ Kozaki; Kozacy are a group of martial people living in the southern Steppe regions of Eastern . .

16th-18th centuries

Map of Kodak fortress, which was constructed in 1635. Kodak fortress (Kudak Кодак was a fort built in 1635 by the order of Polish king Władysław IV Vasa and the Sejm over the Dnieper

The first fortified town in what is now Dnipropetrovsk were probably built in the mid-16th century. In 1635, the Polish Government built the Kodak fortress above the Dnieper Rapids at Kodakiis (on the outskirts of modern Dnipropetrovsk), partly as a result of rivalry in the region of Poland, Turkey and Russia ,^[6] and partly to maintain control over Cossack activity. Kodak fortress (Kudak Кодак was a fort built in 1635 by the order of Polish king Władysław IV Vasa and the Sejm over the Dnieper ^[7] On the night of 3/4 August 1635, the Cossacks of Ivan Sulyma captured the fort by surprise, burning it down and butchering the garrison of about 200 West European mercenaries under Jean Marion. Ivan Sulyma (Iwan Sulima Іван Михайлович Сулима – Ivan Mykhaylovych Sulyma) was a Hetman of the Cossacks. ^[7] The fort was rebuilt by French engineer Guillaume le Vasseur de Beauplan^[8] for the Polish Government in 1638, and had a mercenary garrison. ^[7] Kodak was captured by Zaporozhian Cossacks on 1 October 1648, and was garrisoned by the Cossacks until its demolition in accordance with the Treaty of the Pruth in 1711. The Zaporozhian Cossacks (Запорожці Zaporozhtsi,were Cossacks who lived in Zaporizhia, in Central Ukraine The Russo-Turkish War of 1710–1711 was the southernmost theatre of the Great Northern War between Sweden and many of its neighbors ^[9]

The Zaporozhian village of Polovytsia was founded in the late-1760s, between the settlements of Old and New Kodakiis; this is to the West of central Dnipropetrovsk, between Ozyorka and the present central part of the city. ^[10]

1775-1917: In the Russian Empire

See also: Russian Empire

A 1792 plan of Yekaterinoslav. The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya

The city that is now called Dnipropetrovsk was founded as part of the expansion of the Russian Empire into the lands North of the Black Sea, known as the Novorossiysk gubernia. The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya The Black Sea is an inland Sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolian peninsula ( Turkey Novorossiya (Новоро́ссия literally New Russia) is a historic area now mostly located in southern Ukraine, in southern Russia, in Bessarabia The city was originally known as Yekaterinoslav, which translates in English to "The glory of Yekaterina" (Catherine the Great). Catherine II, called Catherine the Great (Екатерина II Великая Yekaterina II Velikaya;) reigned as Empress of Russia for 34 years It became the administrative center of the Yekaterinoslav Governorate. Administrative divisions In 1764 the Novorossiya Guberniya had been created to administer much of the southern steppe after First partition of

Cossack and Russian armies fought against the Ottoman Empire for control of this area in the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). The Cossacks (Каза́ки́ Kazaki; Козаки́ Kozaki; Kozacy are a group of martial people living in the southern Steppe regions of Eastern The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774 was a decisive conflict that brought Southern Ukraine, Northern Caucasus, and Crimea within the orbit of the Russian The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca ended this war in July 1774; and in May 1775 the Russian army destroyed the Zaporozhian Sich, thus eliminating the political independence of Cossacks. The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (also spelled Kuchuk Kainarji) was signed on July 21, 1774, in Küçük Kaynarca Dobruja (today Kaynardzha The Zaporozhian Cossacks (Запорожці Zaporozhtsi,were Cossacks who lived in Zaporizhia, in Central Ukraine In 1774 Prince Grigori Potemkin was appointed governor of Novorossiysk gubernia, and after the destruction of the Zaporozhian Sich, he started founding cities in the region and encouraging foreign settlers. The city of Yekaterinoslav was founded in 1776, not in the current location, but at the confluence of the River Samara with the River Kil'chen' at Loshakivka, north of the Dnieper. The Samara (Самара is a river in Ukraine, left Tributary of the river Dnieper. By 1782, the city population was 2,194. However the site had been badly chosen because spring waters were transforming the city into a bog. ^[10]

In 1783, Yekaterinoslav was refounded on its current site, on the south bank of the Dnieper, near the Zaporozhian village of Polovytsia. The population of Yekaterinoslav-Kil'chen' were transferred to the new site. Potemkin's plans for the city were extremely ambitious; it was to be about 30 km by 25 km in size, and included:^[10]

• Preobrazhenskiy Cathedral (intended to be the largest in the world)
• The Potemkin palace
• A magnificent university (never built)
• A botanical garden on Monastyrskyi Island
• Wide straight avenues through the city.

The site for the Potemkin palace was bought from retired Cossack yesaul (colonel) Lazar' Globa, who owned much of the land near the city. The first Ukrainian Census was carried out by State Statistics Committee of Ukraine on December 5, 2001, twelve years after the last Soviet Union census Part of Lazar' Globa's gardens still exist and are now called Globa Park. ^[10]

A combination of Russian red tape, defective workmanship, and theft resulted in what was built being less than originally planned. Construction stopped after the death of Potemkin and his sponsor, Empress Catherine. Plans were reconsidered and scaled back. The size of the cathedral was reduced, and it was completed in 1835. From 1797 to 1802 the city was called Novorossiysk. ^[10][20]

Despite the bridging of the Dnieper in 1796 and the growth of trade in the early 19th century, Ekaterinoslav remained small until the 1880s, when the railway was built and industrialisation of the city began. ^[21] The boom was caused by two men:

• John Hughes, a Welsh businessman who built an iron works at what is now Donetsk in 1869-72, and developed the Donetsk coal deposits. John James Hughes (1814 Merthyr Tydfil, Wales — 1889 St Petersburg, Russia was a Welsh businessman and founder of a city in what is Donetsk (Донецьк translit Donets’k; Доне́цк translit ^[10]
• Alexandr Pol', a Ukrainian who accidentally discovered the the Kryvyi Rih iron ores in 1866, during archaeological research. Kryvyi Rih or Krivoy Rog (Кривий Ріг Кривой Рог is a city in central Ukraine. ^[10]

Postcard with a picture of Yekaterinoslav around 1900. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar

The Donetsk coal was necessary for smelting pig-iron from the Kryvyi Rih ore, producing a need for railway to connect Donetsk with Kryvyi Rih. Permission to build the railway was given in 1881, and it opened in 1884. The railway crossed the Dnieper at Yekaterinoslav. The city grew quickly; new suburbs appeared: Amur, Nizhnedniprovsk and the factory areas developed. In 1897, Yekaterinoslav became the third city in the Russian Empire to have electric trams. The Higher Mining School opened in 1899, and by 1913 it had grown into the Mining Institute. ^[10]

Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905 resulted in revolts against the Tsar in many places including Yekaterinoslav. The Russo-Japanese War (日露戦争 Romaji: Nichi-Ro Sensō Русско-японская война Russko-Yaponskaya Voyna;, 10 February 1904 – 5 September Tens of people were killed and hundreds wounded. There was a wave of anti-semitic attacks. ^[10]

From 1902 to 1933, the famous historian of the Zaporozhian Cossacks, Dmytro Yavornytsky, was Director of the Dnipropetrovsk Museum, which was later named after him. The Zaporozhian Cossacks (Запорожці Zaporozhtsi,were Cossacks who lived in Zaporizhia, in Central Ukraine Dmytro Yavornytsky (Дмитро Яворницький Дмитрий Яворницкий Dmitry Yavornitsky, also known by his Pen name as Evarnitsky Before his death in 1940, Yavornytsky wrote a History of the City of Ekaterinoslav, which lay in manuscript for many years. It was only published in 1989 as a result of the Gorbachev reforms.

1917-1919: Independence from the Russian Empire

See also: Ukrainian War of Independence

After February revolution in 1917 Ekaterinoslav became a city within autonomy of Ukrainian People's Republic under Tsentralna Rada government. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Ukrainian War of Independence was a series of military conflicts between Ukrainian, Anarchist, Bolshevik, Central Powers forces The February Revolution (Февральская революция in 1917 in Russia was the first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917. The Ukrainian People's Republic (Українська Народна Республіка Ukrayins’ka Narodna Respublika; also translated as the Ukrainian National The Tsentralna Rada or Central Rada (Центральна Рада Tsentral’na rada) was a socialist-dominated Rada, traditional representative In November 1917 Bolsheviks headed rebellion and got power for a short time. The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists ( Большевик Большевист (singular, derived from bolshe, "more" were a faction The city experienced occupation of German and Austrian-Hungarian armies that were allies of Ukrainian Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi. Hetman was the title of the second highest military commander (after the Monarch) used in 15th to 18th century Poland, Ukraine and Grand Pavlo Skoropadskyi (or more properly transliterated into Pavlo Skoropads'kyj Павло Скоропадський Pavlo Skoropadsky Павел Петрович Скоропадский During power of Ukrainian Dyrektoriya government with its dictator Symon Petlura the city had periods of uncertain power; at times the anarchists of (bat'ka) Makhno held the city. The Directorate, or Directory (Директорія Dyrektoriya) was a government of the Ukrainian National Republic formed in 1918 in rebellion against Symon Vasylyovych Petliura (Симон Васильович Петлюра also known as Simon Petlyura; May 10, 1879 – May 25, Nestor Ivanovich Makhno (Нестор Іванович Махно October 26, 1888 – July 6, 1934) was an anarcho-communist Military operations of the Red army which was headed from the North brought the city under the Soviet regime. The Red Army ( Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия R aboche- K rest'yanskaya K rasnaya A rmiya A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia.

1919-1991: in the Soviet Union & under Nazi rule

See also: History of the Soviet Union

Modern office building in Dnipropetrovsk. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. History of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union is covered in the following series of articles

Skyline of Dnipropetrovsk with both new and old buildings seen.

During the German occupation of Ukraine in World War II, the city gave its name to one of the six generalbezirke in which a Nazi Generalkommissar was in charge under the authority of the Reichskommissar in Kiev. Reichskommissar (rendered as Commissionary of the Empire or as Reich - or Imperial Commissioner) in German history, was an official gubernatorial Dnipropetrovsk was an important center of Jewish life, and 80,000 Jews lived in the city before the Holocaust, but soon after the Nazis conquered the city on October 12, 1941, 11,000 were shot; in the end only 15 Jews of Dnipropetrovsk survived at the end of the war. The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as

In the 20th to 21st centuries, the economic potential of the city has defined its political importance. Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions Dnipropetrovsk and the surrounding oblast are the birthplace of the so-called "Dnipropetrovsk Clan", an influential informal political group inside the CPSU, members of whom were the industrial and party elite. Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division Leonid Brezhnev, a native of the nearby city of Dniprodzerzhyns'k and later Soviet Union Communist Party General Secretary, founded and pushed the Clan to the highest levels of the Soviet power structure. Dniprodzerzhynsk (Дніпродзержинськ Днепродзержинск Dneprodzerzhinsk) is a city in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast of Ukraine The General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( First Secretary in 1953-1966 was the title synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union after A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. Its members are believed by many political scientists to have ruled not only the Ukrainian SSR but also the entire Soviet Union up to the ascendancy of Mikhail Gorbachev. The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic or the Ukrainian SSR was one of the 15 constituent republics that made up the Former Soviet Union from its The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev ( Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov;; born 2 March 1931 in Privolnoye Stavropol Krai) is a Russian politician

After 1991: Since Ukrainian independence

In 2005, the most powerful representative of that clan is Leonid Kuchma, the former President of Ukraine and former senior manager of Yuzhmash. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine (Декларація про державний суверенітет України was adopted on July 16, 1990 Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Leonid Danylovych Kuchma (Леонід Данилович Кýчма born August 9, 1938) was the second President of Ukraine from July The President of Ukraine (Президент України is the head of the state of Ukraine and acts in its name ManaGeR ( MGR) is a graphical Window system. The MGR server provides a builtin Window manager and windowed graphics Terminal emulation on color

Demographics

Economy and industry

Transportation

Local transportation

A scheme of the Dnipropetrovsk Metro system in the city. The Dnipropetrovsk Metro (Дніпропетровський метрополітен Днепропетровский метрополитен is a single-line metro system

Marshall Malinovsky Street on the left bank of the Dnieper looking west. The arch is part of the railway Merefa-Kherson bridge, which crosses Monastyrsky Island. Merefa (Мeрeфa is a City in eastern Ukraine. Its is located in the Kharkivsky Raion ( district) of the Kharkiv Oblast ( province Kherson (Херсон is a City in southern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Kherson Oblast ( province) and is

Dnipropetrovsk's Central Railway Station.

Main public forms of transport within Dnipropetrovsk are the trams, electric trolley buses, buses, and marshrutkas—private minibuses. Marshrutka ( Bulgarian, маршру́тка mɘr'ʂrutkɘ from marshrutnoye taksi (Mаршрутное такси is a Share taxi in "Microbus" redirects here For the Volkswagen Microbus see Volkswagen Type 2. In addition there are huge numbers of taxis, and many private cars, also some people have bicycles and some of people are walking.

Dnipropetrovsk also has metro system, opened in 1995, which consists of a total of one line and 6 stations. The Dnipropetrovsk Metro (Дніпропетровський метрополітен Днепропетровский метрополитен is a single-line metro system ^[24] Work on other stations was abandoned to a recent time when the city ran out of money for this project; two of these abandoned building works are in the central portion of Karla Marksa Prospekt. Currently project has been renewed. Importance of next two station make city to finish them to make municipal subway system profitable. But finish date still not fix.

Suburban transportation

Dnipropetrovsk has some highways crossing through the city. The most popular routes are from Kiev, Donetsk, Kharkiv and Zaporizhia. Kiev, also known as Kyiv ( Ukrainian:, Kyiv, ˈkɪjiw Russian:, Kiyev; see also Cities' alternative names) is the Donetsk (Донецьк translit Donets’k; Доне́цк translit Kharkiv or Kharkov (Харків Харьков is the second largest city in Ukraine. Zaporizhia, also referred to as Zaporozhye (Запоріжжя translit Transit through the city is also available.

The largest bus station in eastern Ukraine is located in Dnipropetrovsk. It is near the city's Central Railway Terminal. Bus routes are also available to all over the country, including some international routes to Russia, Poland, Germany, Moldova and Turkey. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova ( Republica Moldova) is a Landlocked country in Eastern Europe, located between Romania Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches

In the summertime, there are some routes available by hydrofoils on the Dnieper River. A hydrofoil is a Boat with wing-like foils mounted on struts below the hull. For the rocket see Dnepr rocket. For other uses see Dnieper (disambiguation. Various tourist ships on their way down the Dnieper, (Kiev–Kherson–Odessa) always make a stop in the city.

Railroads

The city is a large railway junction. Daily trains run to and from many parts of Eastern Europe. Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. There are two rapid trains at day time from Kiev to Dnipropetrovsk and there are a few express trains at night. Other trains come from Moscow, Lviv, Saint Petersburg, and other places. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Lviv ( Ukrainian: Львів, L’viv, Lwów Lemberg Львов L'vov; see also other names) is a major city in western Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River

Air travel

The city is served by an Dnipropetrovsk International Airport (IATA: DNK) and is connected to other European cities with daily flights. Dnipropetrovsk International Airport (Міжнародний аеропорт "Дніпропетровськ" Международный аэропорт "Днепропетровск" An IATA airport code, also known an IATA location identifier, IATA station code or simply a location identifier, is a three-letter code designating many

Culture

Attractions

The city has a variety of theatres (plus an Opera) and museums which may be of interest to tourists who speak Russian. There are also several parks, restaurants and beaches which have no linguistic requirements.

The major streets of the city were renamed in honour of Marxist heroes during the Soviet era. The central thoroughfare is known as Karla Marksa Street, a beautiful, wide and long boulevard that stretches east to west through the centre of the city. It was founded in the eighteenth century and parts of its buildings are the actual decoration of the city. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system In the heart of the city is Zhovtneva [October] Square, which includes the majestic cathedral founded by order of Catherine the Great in 1787. Catherine II, called Catherine the Great (Екатерина II Великая Yekaterina II Velikaya;) reigned as Empress of Russia for 34 years

Entrance to the Taras Shevchenko Park in Dnipropetrovsk. Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko (Тарáс Григóрович Шевчéнко ( &ndash) was a Ukrainian Poet, Artist and humanist.

On the square, there are some remarkable buildings: the Museum of History, Diorama "Battle for the Dnieper River (World War II)", and also the beautiful park in which one can rest in the hot summer. The Eastern Front of World War II (die Ostfront 1941-1945, der Rußlandfeldzug 1941-1945 (Russian campaign or der Ostfeldzug 1941-1945 (Eastern Campaign Walking down the hill to the Dnieper River, one arrives in the large Taras Shevchenko Park (which is on the right bank of the river) and on Monastyrsky Island. For the rocket see Dnepr rocket. For other uses see Dnieper (disambiguation. Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko (Тарáс Григóрович Шевчéнко ( &ndash) was a Ukrainian Poet, Artist and humanist. This island is one of the most interesting places in the city. In the IX century, the Byzantine monks based a monastery here. It was destroyed by Mongol-Tatars in the XIII century. The Mongol Empire ( Mongolyn Ezent Güren or mn Их Mонгол улс Ikh Mongol Uls; 1206–1368 was the largest contiguous Empire

While there is no longer any compact "old town" in Dnipropetrovsk, there are still many surviving buildings of historical interest. (Most of them, especially churches, were unfortunately destroyed during World War II and Stalin's reign of terror in the 1930s. Joseph Stalin ( ნამდვილი გვარი ჯუღაშვილი|Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili; March 5 1953 was General Secretary of the Communist Party A few areas retain their historical character: all of Central Avenue, some street-blocks on the main hill (the Nagornaya part) between Pushkina Prospekt and Embankment, and sections near Globa and Shevchenka parks have been untouched for 150 years.

The Dnieper River keeps the climate mild. It is visible from many points in Dnipropetrovsk. From any hill (there are 3 in the city) you will find a beautiful view of the river, islands, parks, outskirts, river banks and hills.

There was no need to build skyscrapers in the city in Soviet times. The major industries preferred to locate their offices close to their factories and away from the centre of town. In the last ten years since independence the price of land has increased considerably. All the new office buildings are being built in the same architectural style as the old buildings.

Famous people from Dnipropetrovsk

Main article: People from Dnipropetrovsk category

House museum of Dmytro Yavornytsky. Dmytro Yavornytsky (Дмитро Яворницький Дмитрий Яворницкий Dmitry Yavornitsky, also known by his Pen name as Evarnitsky

• Boris Sagal - American television and film director, born there. Boris Sagal ( October 18, 1917 - May 22, 1981) was an American television and Film director.
• Oksana Baiul — figure skating Olympic Gold Medalist in 1994
• Mikhail Nekrich — musician
• Inessa Kravets - long jumper and triple jumper (holds women's record in triple jump)
• Sergei Prokofiev - composer
• Helena Blavatsky — founder of Theosophical Society
• Ilya Kabakov — contemporary artist
• Leonid Kogan - legendary violinist
• Victor Kravchenko - Soviet dissident
• Leonid Kuchma — President of Ukraine in 1994-2005
• Pavlo Lazarenko — Prime Minister of Ukraine in 1990s
• Leonid Levin — computer scientist
• Viktor Pinchuk — Ukrainian business oligarch
• Yulia Tymoshenko — Prime Minister of Ukraine in 2005 and from December 2007-present
• Moses Schönfinkel — logician and mathematician
• Igor Olshansky — NFL defensive tackle
• Katherine Esau — botanist
• Kyrylo Fesenko - Basketball player
• Marina Maximillian Blumin - Singer/Songwriter and Kokhav Nolad contestant
• Michael Melnik - creator, director and actor of the theatre "Krik" (theatre of one actor, Unique theatre in Europe)

Sport

The city also houses the Ukrainian Premier League football club, FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk. Oksana Baiul (Оксана Баюл (born November 16, 1977) is a Ukrainian professional figure skater. Figure skating is an athletic Sport in which individuals pairs or groups perform spins, jumps, footwork and other intricate and challenging The 1994 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XVII Olympic Winter Games were a Winter Multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1994 Mikhail Nekrich is a Russian born music producer arranger composer Inessa Mykolajivna Kravets (née Shulyak Інеса Миколаївна Кравець born October 5, 1966) is an Ukrainian Triple jumper Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (Серге́й Серге́евич Проко́фьев Sergéj Sergéjevič Prokófjev) ( - 5 March 1953 was a Russian composer who Elena Petrovna Gan (Елена Петровна Ган also Hélène, Yekaterinoslav, Ukraine, Russian Empire — May 8 1891 London) better The Theosophical Society was the organization formed to advance the spiritual principles and search for Truth known as Theosophy. Ilya Kabakov, Russian Илья Иосифович Кабаков ( September 30 1933) is an American conceptual artist of Russian Jewish This is a list of artists who create Contemporary art, ie those whose peak of activity can be situated somewhere between the 1970s (the advent of Postmodernism) and the present Leonid Borisovich Kogan ( November 17 1924 - December 17 1982) (לאוניד בוריסוביץ' קוגן Леонид Борисович Victor Andreevich Kravchenko, (Виктор Андреевич Кравченко ( 11 October 1905 Yekaterinoslav - 25 February 1966 Leonid Danylovych Kuchma (Леонід Данилович Кýчма born August 9, 1938) was the second President of Ukraine from July The President of Ukraine (Президент України is the head of the state of Ukraine and acts in its name Pavlo Ivanovych Lazarenko (Павло Івáнович Лазарéнко born on January 23, 1953) was a Ukrainian politician and former Prime The Prime Minister of Ukraine (Прем'єр-міністр України Prem'ier-ministr Ukrayiny) presides over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which Leonid Anatolievich Levin (לאוניד אנטולייביץ לוין Леонид Анатольевич Левин born November A computer scientist is a person that has acquired knowledge of Computer science, the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their application Viktor Mykhaylovych Pinchuk (Віктор Михáйлович Пінчýк one of the " Business oligarchs quot who control post- Communist Ukraine Business oligarch is a near-synonym of the term " Business magnate " Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko (Юлія Володимирівна Тимошенко ʋɔlɔ'dɪmɪriʋnɑ tɪmɔ'ʃɛnkɔ Julia Volodymyrivna Tymošenko) (born on November The Prime Minister of Ukraine (Прем'єр-міністр України Prem'ier-ministr Ukrayiny) presides over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which Moses Ilyich Schönfinkel, also known as Moisei Isai'evich Sheinfinkel' Шейнфинкель (September 4 1889 Ekaterinoslav (now Dnipropetrovsk, Logic is the study of the principles of valid demonstration and Inference. A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is the field of Mathematics. Igor Olshansky (E-gor ol-SHAN-ski (born May 3, 1982 in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine) is a football Defensive end for the The National Football League ( NFL) is the largest professional American football league. Katherine Esau ( 3 April, 1898 &ndash 4 June 1997) was a German - American Botanist. Kyrylo Fesenko ( Кирило Фесенко, born December 24 1986, in Dnipropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) is Marina Maximillian Blumin (born December 15, 1987) is an Israeli singer Kokhav Nolad ( כוכב נולד) ( A Star Is Born) is a Popular Reality television show which searches for the most talented History See also Soviet Top League See also Ukrainian Soviet competitions The league emerged and was established after the collapse of the Union Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk (ФК "Днiпро" Днiпропетровськ ФК "Днепр" Днепропетровск Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk) is a

Sister Cities

• Lexington, Massachusetts, United States
• Ploieşti, Romania
• Xi'an, China

References

External links

• Official portal (Ukrainian). Dnipropetrovsk City Rada.
• Welcome to Dnipropetrovsk! (English). Gorod. dp. ua.
• Dnepropetrovsk informational: Main (Russian). dnepr. info.
• Map of Dnepropetrovsk (Russian). uamap. info.
• Pictures from Dnepropetrovsk (Czech). pictures from Dnepropetrovsk.