In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere This is a list of tectonic plates on Earth Tectonic plates are pieces of the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle together referred to as the Lithosphere These areas can form in the middle of continents but eventually form ocean basins. A continent is one of several large Landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by Convention rather than any strict criteria with seven regions Divergent boundaries within continents initially produce rifts which produce rift valleys. In Geology, a rift is a place where the Earth 's crust and Lithosphere are being pulled apart and is an example of Extensional tectonics A rift valley is a linear-shaped lowland between highlands or mountain ranges created by the action of a geologic Rift or fault. If the rifting process stops, a failed rift results. Therefore, most active divergent plate boundaries exist between oceanic plates and are often called oceanic rifts. Oceanic crust is the part of Earth's Lithosphere that surfaces in the Ocean basins
Although still an area of active research, it appears that due to complex convection within the Earth's mantle material rises to the base of the lithosphere beneath the divergent plate boundary. Convection in the most general terms refers to the movement of molecules within Fluids (i EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 The mantle is a part of an Astronomical object. The interior of the Earth, similar to the other Terrestrial planets, is Chemically divided The lithosphere (IPA, from the Greek λίθος for "rocky" + σφαίρα for "sphere" is the solid outermost shell of a rocky Planet. [1] This supplies the area with vast amounts of heat and a reduction in pressure that melts rock from the asthenosphere (or upper mantle) beneath the rift area forming large flood basalt or lava flows. In Geology, rock is a naturally occurring aggregate of Minerals and/or Mineraloids The Earth's outer solid layer the ‘ Lithosphere The asthenosphere (from an invented Greek a + ' sthenos "without strength" and Greek word σφαίρα (sphera meaning globe is the A flood basalt or trap basalt is the result of a giant Volcanic eruption or series of Eruptions that coats large stretches of land or the Ocean floor Each eruption occurs in only a part of the plate boundary at any one time, but when it does occur, it fills in the opening gap as the two opposing plates move away from each other. The average rate of movement is comparable to how fast human fingernails grow, (about 2 cm a year). A nail is a horn -like structure at the end of an animal's Finger or Toe.
Over millions of years, the plates have moved many hundreds of kilometers away from both sides of the divergent plate boundary. Because of this, rock closest to the boundary is younger than rock further away on the same plate.
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Divergent boundaries
- The Mid-Atlantic Ridge
- Red Sea Rift
- East African Rift
- West Antarctic Rift
- East Pacific Rise
- Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
- Galapagos Rise
- Gakkel Ridge
- Explorer Ridge
Other plate boundary types
See also
References
- ^ Toshiro Tanimoto, Thorne Lay (November 7, 2000). The Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR is a Mid-ocean ridge, a Divergent tectonic plate boundary located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. The Red Sea Rift is a spreading center between two Tectonic plates the African Plate and the Arabian Plate. The East African Rift is part of the larger Great Rift Valley. The West Antarctic Rift is a major active rift valley lying between East and West Antarctica. The East Pacific Rise is a Mid-oceanic ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary located along the floor of the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific-Antarctic Ridge (PAR is a divergent tectonic plate boundary located on the seafloor of the South Pacific Ocean, separating the Pacific Plate The Galapagos Rise is a Divergent boundary located between the South American coast and the Triple junction of the Nazca Plate, the The Gakkel Ridge (formerly known as the Nansen Cordillera and Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge) is a Mid-oceanic ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary The Explorer Ridge is a Mid-ocean ridge, a Divergent tectonic plate boundary located about west of Vancouver Island, British Columbia In Plate tectonics, a convergent boundary – also known as a convergent plate boundary or a destructive plate boundary – is an actively deforming region A transform fault is a fault which runs along the boundary of a Tectonic plate. Seafloor spreading occurs at Mid-ocean ridges where new Oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ridge Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere Continental drift is the movement of the Earth 's Continents relative to each other In Geology, a subduction zone is an area on Earth where two tectonic plates meet and move towards one another with one sliding underneath the other Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. "Mantle dynamics and seismic tomography". PNAS vol. 97 (no. 23): 12409. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
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