A dipeptide is a molecule consisting of two amino acids joined by a single peptide bond. In Chemistry, an amino acid is a Molecule containing both Amine and Carboxyl Functional groups In Biochemistry, this A peptide bond is a Chemical bond formed between two Molecules when the Carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the
Dipeptides are produced from polypeptides by the action of the hydrolase enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase. Peptides (from the Greek πεπτίδια, "small digestibles" are short Polymers formed from the linking in a defined order of α- Amino In Biochemistry, a hydrolase is an Enzyme that catalyzes the Hydrolysis of a Chemical bond. Enzymes are Biomolecules that catalyze ( ie increase the rates of Chemical reactions Almost all enzymes are Proteins Dietary proteins are digested to dipeptides and amino acids, and the dipeptides are absorbed more rapidly than the amino acids, because their uptake involves a separate mechanism. Dipeptides activate G-cells found in the stomach to secrete gastrin. In humans gastrin is a Hormone that stimulates secretion of Gastric acid (HCl by the Parietal cells of the Stomach, as well as aiding in
The Bergmann azlactone peptide synthesis is a classic organic synthesis for the preparation of dipeptides. Organic synthesis is a special branch of Chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of Organic compounds via Organic reactions Organic [1] [2]
Examples of dipeptides
- Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is highly concentrated in muscle and brain tissues. Carnosine ( beta -alanyl-L-histidine is a Dipeptide of the Amino acids Beta-alanine and Histidine.
- Anserine (beta-alanyl-N-methyl histidine) is found in the skeletal muscle and brain of birds. Anserine ( beta -alanyl-N-methylhistidine is a Dipeptide found in the Skeletal muscle and Brain of Mammals It is an
- Homoanserine (N-(4-Aminobutyryl)-L-histidine) is another dipeptide identified in the brain and muscles of mammals.
- Kyotorphin (L-tyrosyl-L-arginine) is a neuroactive dipeptide which plays a role in pain regulation in the brain. Kyotorphin (L-tyrosyl-L-arginine is a neuroactive Dipeptide which plays a role in pain regulation in the brain
- Balenine (or ophidine) (beta-alanyl-N tau-methyl histidine) has been identified in the muscles of several species of mammal (including man), and the chicken.
- Aspartame (N-L-a-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester) is an artificial sweetener. Aspartame (or APM) (ˈæspɚteɪm or /əˈspɑrteɪm/ is the name for an artificial non- Saccharide Sweetener, aspartyl-phenylalanine-1-methyl A sweetener is a Food additive which adds the Basic taste of Sweetness to a food artificial sweeteners are Sugar substitutes
- Glorin (N- propionyl-γ-L-glutamyl-L-ornithine-δ-lac ethyl ester) is a chemotactic dipeptide for the slime-mould Polysphondylium violaceum.
- Barettin (cyclo-[(6-bromo-8-en-tryptophan)-arginine]) is a cyclic dipeptide from the marine sponge Geodia barretti.
- Pseudoproline
See also
References
- ^ M. Pseudoproline (also pseudo- Proline, ψ-Pro Derivatives are artificially created Dipeptides to minimize aggregation during FMOC Solid-phase A tripeptide is a Peptide consisting of three Amino acids joined by Peptide bonds Examples of tripeptides are Glutathione A tetrapeptide is a Peptide consisting of four Amino acids joined by Peptide bonds Many tetrapeptides are pharmacologically active often showing affinity Peptides (from the Greek πεπτίδια, "small digestibles" are short Polymers formed from the linking in a defined order of α- Amino Bergmann et al. , Ann. 449, 277 (1926).
- ^ drugfuture. com Link
Dictionary
dipeptide
-noun
- (biochemistry, organic chemistry) An organic compound formed from two amino acids joined by a peptide bond.
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