| Dimethyl sulfide | |
|---|---|
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| IUPAC name | Dimethyl sulfide |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [75-18-3] |
| SMILES | CSC |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C2H6S |
| Molar mass | 62. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Molar mass, symbol M, is the Mass of one mole of a substance ( Chemical element or Chemical compound) 13 g/mol |
| Density | 0. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 840 g/cm³ |
| Melting point |
-98 °C |
| Boiling point |
37 °C |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | OSHA MSDS |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or methylthiomethane is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the Vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid A material safety data sheet ( MSDS) is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance In Chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 Kilopascals exactly Organosulfur compounds are Organic compounds that contain Sulfur (sulphur Dimethyl sulfide is a water-insoluble flammable liquid that boils at 37°C and has a characteristic disagreeable odor. It is a component of the smell produced from cooking of certain vegetables, notably corn, cabbage, beetroot and seafoods. The beet or beetroot is a Flowering plant species ( Beta vulgaris) in the family Chenopodiaceae. It is also an indication of bacterial infection in malt production and brewing. The Bacteria ( singular: bacterium) are a large group of unicellular Microorganisms Typically a few Micrometres in length bacteria have Malting is a process applied to Cereal grains in which the grains are made to Germinate by soaking in water and are then quickly halted from germinating further Brewing is the production of Alcoholic beverage and Alcohol fuel through fermentation. It is a breakdown product of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and is also produced by the bacterial metabolism of methanethiol. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate ((CH32S+CH2CH2COO&minus more frequently abbreviated to DMSP) is a Metabolite Methanethiol (also known as methyl mercaptan) is a colorless gas with a smell like rotten Cabbage.
Contents |
Natural sources and link with climate
DMS is the most abundant biological sulfur compound emitted to the atmosphere. Temperature and layers The temperature of the Earth's atmosphere varies with altitude the mathematical relationship between temperature and altitude varies among five [1] Emission occurs over the oceans by phytoplankton. An ocean (from Greek, ''Okeanos'' (Oceanus) is a major body of saline water, and a principal component of the Hydrosphere. Phytoplankton are the Autotrophic component of the Plankton community DMS is also produced naturally by bacterial transformation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) waste that is disposed of into sewers, where it can cause environmental odor problems. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH32SO [2].
DMS is oxidized in the marine atmosphere to various sulfur-containing compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl sulfone, methane sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH32SO Sulfonic acid is an unstable Acid with the formula H-S(=O2-OH Sulfuric (or sulphuric acid, H 2 S[[oxygen O]]4 is a strong Mineral acid. [3] Among these compounds, sulfuric acid has the potential to create new aerosols which act as cloud condensation nuclei. Technically an aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas Cloud condensation nuclei or CCN s (also known as cloud seeds) are small particles (typically 0 Through this interaction with cloud formation, the massive production of atmospheric DMS over the oceans may have a significant impact on the Earth's climate. A cloud is a visible mass of droplets or frozen crystals floating in the atmosphere above the surface of the Earth or another Planetary body Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of [4]
Recent research suggests that marine bacteria are reducing the amount of this important climate cooling gas given off from our seas.
Smell
Dimethyl sulfide has a characteristic cabbage-like smell that becomes highly disagreeble at higher concentrations. DMS has a low olfactory threshold that varies from 0. 02 to 0. 1 ppm between different persons. However, it is also available as a food additive to impart a savory flavor; in such use, its concentration is low. Beetroot,[5] asparagus,[6] cabbage, corn and seafoods produce dimethyl sulfide when cooked.
Marine phytoplankton also produces dimethyl sulfide. Andrew Johnston, of the University of East Anglia, has characterized DMS as being the "smell of the sea". The University of East Anglia is a campus-based University located in Norwich, England, and founded in 1963 [7] It would be more accurate to say that DMS is a component of the "smell of the sea," another being pheromones of algae called dictyopterenes. A pheromone (from Greek φέρω phero "to bear" + ‘ορμόνη " Hormone " is a Chemical that triggers a natural
Dimethyl sulfide is also an odorant emitted by kraft pulping mills, and a byproduct of Swern oxidation. The Kraft process (also known as Kraft pulping or sulfate process) describes a technology for conversion of wood into Wood pulp consisting of almost pure The Swern oxidation, named after Daniel Swern, is a Chemical reaction whereby a primary or secondary Alcohol is oxidized to an Aldehyde
Industrial uses
In industry it is used in petroleum refining and in petrochemical production processes to control the formation of coke and carbon monoxide. Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Petrochemicals are chemical products made from raw materials of Petroleum or other Hydrocarbon origin Coke is a solid Carbonaceous material derived from Destructive distillation of low-ash low-sulfur Bituminous coal. Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO is a colorless odorless tasteless yet highly toxic Gas. In addition it is used to control dusting in steel mills. It is also used in a range of organic syntheses, also being a side product of Swern oxidation. In Chemistry, chemical synthesis is purposeful execution of Chemical reactions in order to get a product, or several products The Swern oxidation, named after Daniel Swern, is a Chemical reaction whereby a primary or secondary Alcohol is oxidized to an Aldehyde It also has a use as a food flavoring component. It can also be oxidized by natural or artificial means to dimethyl sulfoxide, (DMSO), which has several important solvent properties. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH32SO
The largest single commercial producer of DMS in the world is Gaylord Chemical Corporation, which is a significant economic component of the paper industry of Bogalusa, Louisiana. Bogalusa is a City in Washington Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Safety
Dimethyl sulfide is flammable and an irritant. Flammability is the ease with which a substance will ignite causing Fire or Combustion. Dimethyl sulfide has an unpleasant odor at even extremely low concentrations.
See also
References
- ^ Simpson, David; Winiwarter, Wilfried; Börjesson, Gunnar; Cinderby, Steve; Ferreiro, Antonio; Guenther, Alex; Hewitt, C. The CLAW hypothesis proposes a feedback loop that operates between Ocean Ecosystems and the Earth 's Climate. Dimethyl telluride is an Organotelluride compound formula ( CH3)2 Te, also known by the abbreviation DMTe The Swern oxidation, named after Daniel Swern, is a Chemical reaction whereby a primary or secondary Alcohol is oxidized to an Aldehyde Nicholas; Janson, Robert; Khalil, M. Aslam K. ; Owen, Susan; Pierce, Tom E. ; Puxbaum, Hans; Shearer, Martha; Skiba, Ute; Steinbrecher, Rainer; Tarrasón, Leonor; Öquist, Mats G. (1999). "Inventorying emissions from nature in Europe". Journal of Geophysical Research. 104 (D7): 8113–8152. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Glindemann, D. , Novak, J. , Witherspoon, J. (2006). "Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) Waste Residues and Municipal Waste Water Odor by Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS): the North-East WPCP Plant of Philadelphia. ". Environmental Science and Technology 40 (1): 202–207. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Lucas, DD; Prinn, RG (2005). "Parametric sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of dimethylsulfide oxidation in the clear-sky remote marine boundary layer. ". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5: 1505–1525. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP is an Open access publication of the European Geosciences Union.
- ^ Malin, G; Turner, SM; Liss, PS (1992). "Sulfur: The plankton/climate connection. ". Journal of Phycology 28 (5): 590–597.
- ^ Blackwell Synergy - J Food Science, Volume 42 Issue 6 Page 1592-1593, November 1977 (Article Abstract)
- ^ http://www.springerlink.com.libproxy.tkk.fi/content/djbrepd4mjpjqgwn/
- ^ University of East Anglia press release, Cloning the smell of the seaside, February 2, 2007
External links
- Brewing
- NOAA DMS flux
- Dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the Bering Sea and Adjacent Waters: In-situ and Satellite Observations
- DMS and Climate
- Industrial chemicals
Dictionary
dimethyl sulfide
-noun
- (organic chemistry) The organic sulfur compound (CH3)2S that is a breakdown product of many biological sulfur compounds; it has a number of industrial uses
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