Dihydroxy-acid dehydratase

In enzymology, a dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate $\rightleftharpoons$ 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H₂O

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate, and two products, 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate and H₂O. Enzymes are Biomolecules that catalyze ( ie increase the rates of Chemical reactions Almost all enzymes are Proteins This article is about the Enzyme Commission codes For the European Commission system for coding chemicals see EC-No. Enzymes are Biomolecules that catalyze ( ie increase the rates of Chemical reactions Almost all enzymes are Proteins Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called A product is a substance that forms as a result of a Biological - or Chemical reaction. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. In Biochemistry, a lyase is an Enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of various Chemical bonds by means other than Hydrolysis and Oxidation The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate hydro-lyase (3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate-forming). Other names in common use include acetohydroxyacid dehydratase, alpha,beta-dihydroxyacid dehydratase, 2,3-dihydroxyisovalerate dehydratase, alpha,beta-dihydroxyisovalerate dehydratase, dihydroxy acid dehydrase, DHAD, and 2,3-dihydroxy-acid hydro-lyase. This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and pantothenate and coa biosynthesis.

References

IUBMB entry for 4.2.1.9
BRENDA references for 4.2.1.9 (Recommended. )
PubMed references for 4.2.1.9
PubMed Central references for 4.2.1.9
Google Scholar references for 4.2.1.9
KANAMORI M, WIXOM RL (1963). "Studies in valine biosynthesis. V. Characteristics of the purified dihydroxyacid dehydratase from spinach leaves". J. Biol. Chem. 238: 998–1005. PMID 14030545.
MYERS JW (1961). "Dihydroxy acid dehydrase: an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine". J. Biol. Chem. 236: 1414–8. PMID 13727223.

External links

The CAS registry number for this enzyme class is 9024-32-2. CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to

IUBMB entry for 4.2.1.9

KEGG entry for 4.2.1.9

BRENDA entry for 4.2.1.9

NiceZyme view of 4.2.1.9

EC2PDB: PDB structures for 4.2.1.9

PRIAM entry for 4.2.1.9

PUMA2 entry for 4.2.1.9

IntEnz: Integrated Enzyme entry for 4.2.1.9

MetaCyc entry for 4.2.1.9

Atomic-resolution structures of enzymes belonging to this class

Gene Ontology (GO) codes

EGO entry for GO code 0004160: dihydroxy-acid dehydratase

AMIGO entry for GO code 0004160: dihydroxy-acid dehydratase

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