A dictatorship is an autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by a dictator. A system of government is a term that refers to the set of political Institutions by which a Government of a State is organized in order to exert its powers Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions See also Form of government This article lists forms of government and Political systems according to a series of different ways of categorising them Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Aristocracy is a form of Government, where rule is established through an internal struggle over who has the most status and influence over society and internal relations Authoritarianism describes a Form of government characterized by an emphasis on the Authority of the State in a republic or union An autocracy is a Form of government in which the Political power is held by a single self-appointed ruler A band society is the simplest form of human Society. A band generally consists of a small kin group no larger than an Extended family or Clan. A chiefdom is a type of complex society of varying degrees of centralization that is led by an individual known as a chief. This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. Communist state is a term used by many Political scientists to describe a Form of government in which the State operates under a one-party system Corporatocracy is a Neologism that describes a Government dominated by corporate influence banks and governments Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system Direct Democracy is a movement within the British Conservative Party dedicated to localism and Constitutional reform as a means of reviving public Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principles of the people's representatives Despotism is a Form of government by a single authority either an individual or tightly knit group, which rules with absolute political power A military dictatorship is a Form of government wherein the political power resides with the Military; it is similar but not identical to a Stratocracy, Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe Political system composed A kleptocracy (sometimes cleptocracy, occasionally kleptarchy) ( root klepto+kratein = rule by thieves) is a term applied to a Kritarchy is a form of government ruled by judges It may have existed in Israel during the period of time described in the Book of Judges and exist in Somalia under the Meritocracy is a system of a government or another organization wherein Appointments are made and responsibilities are given based on demonstrated talent and Ability A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is An empire (from the Latin " Imperium " denoting military Command within the ancient Roman government) is a State that Ochlocracy ( Greek: οχλοκρατία or okhlokratía; Latin: ochlocratia) is government by mob or a mass of people Oligarchy' ( Greek, Oligarkhía) is a Form of government where Political power effectively rests with a small elite segment Plutocracy is rule by the wealthy or power provided by wealth A puppet state is a State that is nominally independent but in reality under the control of another power A republic is a State or Country that is not led by a hereditary Monarch, but in which the people (or at least a part of its people have impact on its Mixed government, also known as a mixed constitution, is a form of government that integrated facets of government by Democracy, Oligarchy, and Monarchy A constitutional Republic is a State where the Head of state and other officials are elected as representatives of the people and A parliamentary republic or parliamentary constitutional republic is a form of a Republic which operates under a Parliamentary system of government The term socialist state (or socialist republic, or workers' state) can carry one of several different (but related meanings In strictly speaking any A capitalist republic is a concept of government completely the reverse of Marxist thought A single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a type of Party system Government in which a single Political party Technocracy: A form of government in which scientists and technical experts are in control "technocracy is described as that society in which those who govern justify themselves Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler Theodemocracy is a political system theorized by Joseph Smith Jr Constitutional theory defines a timocracy as either a State where only property owners may participate in Government; or a government Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a concept used to describe Political systems where a State regulates nearly every aspect of public and private A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use An autocracy is a Form of government in which the Political power is held by a single self-appointed ruler A system of government is a term that refers to the set of political Institutions by which a Government of a State is organized in order to exert its powers For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. A dictator is an Authoritarian ruler (eg Absolutist or autocratic) who assumes sole and absolute power without hereditary ascension such as an Absolute It has two possible meanings:
- Roman dictator was a political office of the Roman Republic. Dictator was a Political office of the Roman Republic. The dictator was above the three branches of government in the Constitution of the Roman Republic A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Roman dictators were allocated absolute power during times of emergency. Their power was originally neither arbitrary nor unaccountable, being subject to law and requiring retrospective justification. Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society There were no such dictatorships after the beginning of the 2nd century BCE, and later dictators such as Sulla and the Roman Emperors exercised power much more personally and arbitrarily. Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC
- In contemporary usage, dictatorship refers to an autocratic form of absolute rule by leadership unrestricted by law, constitutions, or other social and political factors within the state. A constitution is a system for government often Codified as a written document that establishes the rules and principles of an autonomous political entity
For some scholars, like Joseph C. W. Chan from the University of Hong Kong, dictatorship is a form of government that has the power to govern without consent of those being governed, while totalitarianism describes a state that regulates nearly every aspect of public and private behavior of the people. Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a concept used to describe Political systems where a State regulates nearly every aspect of public and private In other words, dictatorship concerns the source of the governing power (where the power comes from) and totalitarianism concerns the scope of the governing power (what the government regulates). In this sense, dictatorship (government without people's consent) is a contrast to democracy (government whose power comes from people) and totalitarianism (government controls every aspect of people's life) corresponds to liberalism (government emphasizes individual right and liberty). Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is held completely by the people under a free electoral system Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal Though the definitions of the terms differ, they are related in reality as most of the dictatorship states tend to show totalitarian characteristics. When governments' power does not come from the people, their power is not limited and tend to expand their scope of power to control every aspect of people's life.
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Postwar Era and the Cold War
In the postwar era, dictatorship became a frequent feature of military government, especially in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Post-War is the fifth studio album by M Ward. It was released on August 22 2006 by Merge Records. In the case of many African or Asian former colonies, after achieving their independence in the postwar wave of decolonization, presidential regimes were gradually transformed into personal dictatorships. Decolonization refers to the undoing of Colonialism, the establishment of governance or authority through the creation of settlements by another country or jurisdiction President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. These regimes often proved unstable, with the personalization of power in the hands of the dictator and his/her associates, making the political system uncertain. A dictator is an Authoritarian ruler (eg Absolutist or autocratic) who assumes sole and absolute power without hereditary ascension such as an Absolute
It's often alleged that the rise of these dictatorships were substantially influenced by the Cold War dynamics. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Both the United States and the USSR managed to expand or maintain their influence zones by financing paramilitary and political groups and encouraging coups d'état, especially in Africa, that have led many countries to brutal civil wars and consequent manifestations of authoritarianism. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 A paramilitary is a force whose function and organization are similar to those of a professional military force but which are not regarded as having the same status A civil war is a War between a State and domestic political actors that are in control of some part of the territory claimed by the state In Latin America the threat of either communism or capitalism was often used as justification for dictatorship. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Capitalism is the Economic system in which the Means of production are owned by private Persons and operated for Profit and where
Dictatorships in fiction
In fiction, dictatorship has sometimes been portrayed as the political system of choice for controlling dystopian societies, such as in:
- George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four
- Yevgeny Zamyatin's We
- Fritz Leiber's Ill Met in Lankhmar
- Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451
- Chancellor Adam Susan (called Sutler in the filmed version) in V For Vendetta
- Chancellor Palpatine (later The Emperor) in the Star Wars trilogies. The utopia and its offshoot the dystopia, are genres of literature that explore social and political structures Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950 who used the Pseudonym George Orwell, was an English writer Nineteen Eighty-Four (also titled 1984) by George Orwell (the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair) is a 1949 English Novel Yevgeny Ivanovich Zamyatin (Евге́ний Ива́нович Замя́тин) ( February 1, 1884 – March 10, 1937) was a Russian We (Мы is a Dystopian novel by Yevgeny Zamyatin completed in 1921. This article refers to the science fiction writer For the actor see Fritz Leiber Sr Ill Met in Lankhmar is a Sword and sorcery Novella by Fritz Leiber, recounting the meeting and teaming-up of his adventurous duo Fafhrd Ray Douglas Bradbury (born August 22 1920 is an American mainstream, Fantasy, horror, Science fiction and mystery Fahrenheit 451 is a Dystopian Soft science fiction Novel authored by Ray Bradbury and first published in 1953 Chancellor or chancellour (archaic ( Latin: cancellarius) is an official Title used in countries whose civilization has arisen Adam James Susan is a Fictional character in the Comic book series (later V for Vendetta is a ten-issue Comic book Palpatine is a Fictional character in George Lucas 's Science fiction saga Star Wars. Star Wars is an epic Space opera franchise initially conceived by George Lucas during the 1970s and significantly expanded
See also
- Absolute monarchy
- Totalitarianism
- Plutocracy
- Kleptocracy
- Generalissimo
- Maximum Leader
- Military rule
- Military dictatorship
- Police state
- Elective dictatorship
- Constitutional dictatorship
- Dictator
- Yusuke
Further reading
- Friedrich, Carl J. Absolute monarchy is a monarchical Form of government where the king and queen have absolute power over everything Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a concept used to describe Political systems where a State regulates nearly every aspect of public and private Plutocracy is rule by the wealthy or power provided by wealth A kleptocracy (sometimes cleptocracy, occasionally kleptarchy) ( root klepto+kratein = rule by thieves) is a term applied to a Generalissimo or Generalissimus is a military rank of the highest degree superior to a Field Marshal or Grand Admiral. A military dictatorship is a Form of government wherein the political power resides with the Military; it is similar but not identical to a Stratocracy, The term police state describes a State in which the government exercises rigid and repressive controls over the social economic and political The phrase elective dictatorship (also called executive dominance in Political science) was coined by the former Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom A Constitutional dictatorship is a form of government in which dictatorial powers are exercised during an emergency A dictator is an Authoritarian ruler (eg Absolutist or autocratic) who assumes sole and absolute power without hereditary ascension such as an Absolute is a Japanese given name. Yusuke or Yūsuke is the name of Yusuke Hagihara (1897–1979 astronomer Yusuke Naora ; Brzezinski, Zbigniew K. (1965). Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzezinski (Zbigniew Kazimierz Brzeziński ˈzbigɲev bʐɛˈʑiɲski: (born March 28 1928 Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish-American Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy, 2nd ed. , Praeger.
- Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce; Alastair Smith, Randolph M. Siverson and James D. Morrow (2003). The Logic of Political Survival. The MIT Press. The MIT Press is a University press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT in Cambridge Massachusetts ( USA) ISBN 0-262-63315-9.
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