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Logo of the DB, "der Keks" (the biscuit), used 1949-1994
Logo of the DB, "der Keks" (the biscuit), used 1949-1994

The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB (German Federal Railway) was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) on September 7, 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG). Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Deutsche Reichsbahn ( DR, "German Reich Railway" – was the name of the German national railway created from the railways of the individual The DB remained the state railway of West Germany until after German reunification, when it was merged with the former East German Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR) to form Deutsche Bahn AG, which came into existence on 1 January 1994. German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state Deutsche Reichsbahn or DR (German Reich Railways was the national Railway of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar)

Contents

Background

Telegram announcing the formation of the Deutsche Bundesbahn
Telegram announcing the formation of the Deutsche Bundesbahn

After World War II, each of the military governments of the Allied Occupation Zones in Germany was de facto in charge of the German railroads in their respective territories. The Allied powers who defeated Nazi Germany in World War II divided the country west of the Oder-Neisse line into four occupation zones for administrative On 10 October 1946, the railroads in the British and American occupation zones formed the Deutsche Reichsbahn im Vereinigten Wirtschaftsgebiet, while on 25 June 1947, the provinces under French occupation formed the Südwestdeutsche Eisenbahn. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. BiZone (formerly "The Bisexual Network of New Jersey" is a statewide member-based organization created to foster a visible community for Bisexual Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. With the formation of the FRG these successor organizations of the DRG were reunited, a situation codified by the Federal Railways Law (Bundesbahngesetz) that was ratified on 13 December 1951. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January The railroad in the Saarland joined on 1 January 1957. Saarland (ˈzaːɐ̯lant in German; French: Sarre) is one of the 16 federal states (German Bundesländer) of Germany. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar)

Organization

The DB was a state-owned company that, with few local exceptions, exercised a monopoly concerning rail transport throughout West Germany. The DB was placed under the control of the Bundesverkehrsministerium (Federal Transport Ministry). With its headquarters in Frankfurt, in 1985 the DB was the third-largest employer in the FRG, with a strength of 322,383 employees. A special transit police (Bahnpolizei) provided security. Bahnpolizei is the term in Germany, Austria and the German-speaking parts of Switzerland for the Railway police. The catering needs of the DB were supplied by the “Deutsche Schlafwagen- und Speisewagengesellschaft” (DSG), later “Deutsche Service-Gesellschaft der Bahn”, as the former DRG caterer Mitropa was situated in East Germany and serviced the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the GDR. MITROPA is a Catering company best known for having managed sleeping and Dining cars of different German Railroads for most of the 20th century

As West Berlin lay inside the GDR, local and long-distance rail service in the divided city was provided exclusively by the DR, although the DB operated a ticket office in the Hardenbergstraße near the main West Berlin train station Zoologischer Garten. West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990 Bahnhof Berlin Zoologischer Garten ( German for Berlin Zoological Garden railway station short form Berlin Zoo or colloquially Bahnhof Zoo) was the central

1949-1970

TEE in shops in West Germany, circa 1961.
TEE in shops in West Germany, circa 1961.
V200 number 010 pulling passenger train in West Germany, circa 1961.
V200 number 010 pulling passenger train in West Germany, circa 1961.

The immediate tasks in the early years after the end of World War II involved the reconstruction of the heavily damaged infrastructure and the replenishment of locomotives and rolling stock. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Contrary to the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the GDR, the DB was not subject to reparations and benefited from the influx of capital through the Marshall Plan. Deutsche Reichsbahn or DR (German Reich Railways was the national Railway of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany War reparations refer to the monetary compensation intended to cover damage or injury during a war The Marshall Plan (from its enactment officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the primary plan of the United States for rebuilding and creating a stronger During the early years, new steam engines were constructed and placed into service. The last new steam locomotive type was the Class 10, which entered service in 1957. Only two units of class 10 were built. In 1959 DB took the last steam locomotive delivery when the last of the class 23 locomotives was delivered. Soon, with increase in mass motorization, the railway started to lose passenger volume. As a result rail buses were introduced on some lines, while other smaller volume lines were closed. A railcar (not to be confused with a railway car) is a self-propelled railway Vehicle designed to Transport passengers Main lines became increasingly electrified. The later years of this epoch saw a decrease and eventual phasing out of steam engines, with the last one to cease regular service in 1977. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Traction was provided increasingly by diesel and electric engines. With increased use of diesel and electric locomotives, progress was made in decreasing travel time for passengers. New types of passenger trains were introduced such as the Trans-Europ Express and the InterCity. The Trans Europ Express is a former international Train network in Europe. InterCity (commonly abbreviated IC on timetables and tickets is the classification applied to certain long-distance Passenger train services in

Transport of goods also had to compete with the ever increasing competition from trucks. Furthermore, traditional services such as coal and iron ore shipments declined with the changes in the overall economy.

1970-1993

After the introduction of the TGV in France, the ICE system of high speed trains was developed. The TGV ( t rain à g rande v itesse, French for "high-speed train" is France 's High-speed rail service The InterCityExpress or ICE (German pronunciation) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany and neighbouring countries Significant stretches of new high speed track, like the Hanover-Würzburg high-speed rail line, had to be laid or upgraded. History The Deutsche Bundesbahn began construction of the line in 1973. Other characteristics of this epoch are the introduction of computer systems and the steps taken towards an integrated system of European railroads. Externally, rolling stock displayed more colorful and varied livery schemes.

German reunification in 1990 presented new opportunities for coordination with the DR, including the extension of high-speed passenger train services to major cities in eastern Germany. German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung took place twice after 1945 first in 1957 the Saarland was permitted to join the Federal Republic of Germany However, the chief concern of German politicians was the ever-increasing annual operating deficits incurred by the DB (and by the DR after reunification). After several years of debate, the Bundesverkehrsministerium proposed a comprehensive reform of the German railway system (Bahnreform) which was approved by the Bundestag in 1993 and went into effect on 1 January 1994. The Bundestag ("Federal Diet " or "Lower House of German Parliament" is the Parliament of Germany. At the heart of the reform package was a) the merger of the DB and the DR and b) the change of the form of the enterprise into a stock corporation. Nevertheless, the Deutsche Bahn AG was still publicly owned. Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company

Presidents of the DB

See also

External links

References

Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company This article is part of the History of rail transport by country series German Railway history began with the opening of the steam-hauled Bavarian
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