Dental braces (also known as orthodontic braces) are a device used in orthodontics to correct alignment of teeth and their position with regard to a persons bite. Orthodontics is a specialty of Dentistry that is concerned with the study and treatment of Malocclusions (improper bites which may be a result of Tooth Braces are often used to correct malocclusions such as underbites, overbites, cross bites and open bites, or crooked teeth and various other flaws of teeth and jaws, whether cosmetic or structural. Crossbite is an occlusal irregular condition where a lower tooth has a more buccal position than the antagonist upper tooth. Orthodontic braces are often used in conjunction with other orthodontic appliances to widen the palate or jaws, create spaces between teeth, or otherwise shape the teeth and jaws. Orthodontic technology is a specialty of Dental technology that is concerned with the design and fabrication of dental appliances for the treatment of Malocclusions Orthodontic patients are usually children or teenagers, but include some adults as well.
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History
In the mid-18th century the French physician Pierre Fauchard (credited as the father of modern dentistry) witnessed and treated several dental deformities very common among citizens in Paris during the pre-revolutionary France. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Pierre Fauchard (1678 &ndash March 22 1761) was a significant French Physician, he is credited to be the "father of modern The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an Historians believe that two different men deserve the title of being called "the Father of Orthodontics. " One man was Norman W. Kingsley, a dentist, writer, artist, and sculptor, who wrote his "Treatise on Oral Deformities" in 1880. Kingsley's writings influenced dental science greatly. Also deserving credit is dentist J. N. Farrar, who wrote two volumes entitled "A treatise on the Irregularities of the teeth and their corrections". Farrar was very good at designing brace appliances, and he was the first to suggest the use of mild force at timed intervals to move teeth.
The American dentist Edward Angle is also widely regarded as a father of modern orthodontics. Edward Hartley Angle ( June 1, 1855 - August 11, 1930) was an American Dentist, widely regarded as the father of modern Orthodontics is a specialty of Dentistry that is concerned with the study and treatment of Malocclusions (improper bites which may be a result of Tooth Practising in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, his eponymous classification of dental arch relationships is used worldwide. His textbook, "Treatment of Malocclusion of the Teeth" was first published in 1887. It went into seven much revised editions and laid the foundation of the modern specialty. After tenure as professor of orthodontics in two medical schools, he went on to found his School of Orthodontia in 1910. He designed several fixed orthodontic appliance systems including the ribbon arch and then the edgewise appliance. This has evolved into the sophisticated pre-adjusted and self-ligating systems used by the great majority of orthodontists today.
How braces work
Teeth move through the use of force. The force applied by the archwire pushes the tooth in a particular direction and a stress is created within the periodontal ligament. An orthodontic archwire is a wire conforming to the alveolar or dental arch that can be used as a source of force in correcting irregularities in the position of the teeth with The periodontal ligament, commonly abbreviated as the PDL is a group of specialized Connective tissue fibers that essentially attach a tooth to the Alveolar bone The modification of the periodontal blood supply determines a biological response which leads to bone remodeling, where bone is created on one side by osteoblast cells and resorbed on the other side by osteoclasts. Bone remodeling is a life long process where old Bone is removed from the Skeleton (a sub-process called bone resorption and new bone is added (a sub-process called An osteoblast (from the Greek words for " Bone " and "germ" or embryonic is a mononucleate cell that is responsible for bone formation An osteoclast (from the Greek words for "bone" and "broken" is a type of Bone cell that removes Bone tissue by removing its Mineralized matrix
Two different kinds of bone resorption are possible. Direct resorption, starting from the lining cells of the alveolar bone, and indirect or retrograde resorption, where osteoclasts start their activity in the neighbour bone marrow. The alveolar process is the thickened ridge of Bone that contains the Tooth sockets on bones that bear teeth. Indirect resorption takes place when the periodontal ligament has become acellular (necrosis or hyalinization), for an excessive amount and duration of compressive stress. In this case the quantity of bone resorbed is larger than the quantity of newly formed bone (negative balance). Bone resorption only occurs in the compressed periodontal ligament. Another important phenomenon associated with tooth movement is bone deposition. Bone deposition occurs in the distracted periodontal ligament. Without bone deposition, the tooth will loosen and voids will occur distal to the direction of tooth movement.
A tooth will usually move about a millimeter per month during orthodontic movement, but there is high individual variability. Orthodontic mechanics can vary in efficiency, thus explaining a wide range of response to orthodontic treatment.
Procedure
Orthodontic services may be provided by any licensed dentist trained in orthodontics. In North America most orthodontic treatment is done by orthodontists, dentists specializing in diagnosis and treatment of malocclusions—malalignments of the teeth, jaws, or both. Orthodontics is a specialty of Dentistry that is concerned with the study and treatment of Malocclusions (improper bites which may be a result of Tooth A dentist must complete 2–3 years of additional post-doctoral training to earn a specialty certificate in orthodontics. There are many general practitioners who also provide orthodontic services.
The first step is to determine if braces are suitable for the patient. The doctor consults with the patient and inspects the teeth visually. If braces are appropriate, a records appointment is set up where X-rays, molds, and impressions are made. X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of Electromagnetic radiation. These records are analyzed to determine the problems and proper course of action. Typical treatment times vary from six months to two and a half years depending on the complexity and types of problems. Orthognathic surgery may be required in extreme cases. Orthognathic surgery (ˌɔrθɒgˈnæθɪk (AHD ôr'thŏg-năth′-ĭk is Surgery to correct conditions of the Jaw and Face related to structure
Teeth to be braced will have an etchant applied to help the cement bond to the surface of the tooth. In most cases the teeth will be banded and then brackets will be added. A bracket will be applied with dental cement, and then cured with light until hardened. This process usually takes a few seconds per tooth. If required, orthodontic spacers may be inserted between the molars to make room for molar bands to be placed at a later date. Orthodontic spacers are used in Orthodontics before braces are applied on Teeth, and are put on the molars at the second orthodontic appointment Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of Tooth in most Mammals In many mammals they grind food hence the Latin name mola, " Millstone Molar bands are required to ensure brackets will stick. Bands are also utilized when dental fillings or other dental work make securing a bracket to a tooth infeasible. A dental restoration or dental filling is a Dental restorative material used artificially to restore the function integrity and morphology of missing tooth
An archwire will be threaded between the brackets and affixed with elastic or metal ligatures. Ligature is a term used in Orthodontics for the small elastic that is used to affix the archwire to the bracket Elastics are available in a wide variety of colors, but some orthodontists may not provide the color that would have been preferred by the patient. Archwires are bent, shaped, and tightened frequently to achieve the desired results. Brackets with hooks can be placed, or hooks can be created and affixed to the archwire to affix the elastic to. The placement and configuration of the elastics will depend on the course of treatment and the individual patient. Elastics are made in different diameters, colors, sizes, and strengths.
Modern orthodontics makes frequent use of nickel-titanium archwires and temperature-sensitive materials. When cold, the archwire is limp and flexible, easily threaded between brackets of any configuration. Once heated to body temperature, the archwire will stiffen and seek to retain its shape, creating constant light force on the teeth.
In many cases there is insufficient space in the mouth for all the teeth to fit properly. There are two main procedures to make room in these cases. One is extraction: teeth are removed to create more space. The second is expansion: the palate or arch is made larger by using a palatal expander. palatal expander, also known as a rapid palatal expander, rapid maxillary expansion appliance, palate expander or orthodontic expander, is used Expanders can be used with both children and adults. Since the bones of adults are already fused, expanding the palate is not possible without surgery to unfuse them. An expander can be used on an adult without surgery, but to expand the dental arch, and not the palate. The superior dental arch is larger than the inferior so that in the normal condition the teeth in the Maxillae slightly overlap those of the Mandible both in front The palate (ˈpælɨt is the roof of the Mouth in humans and Vertebrate animals
For some patients, Invisalign might be a viable alternative to braces. Invisalign is a series of clear removable Teeth aligners that both orthodontists and dentists use as an alternative to traditional metal Dental The Invisalign system uses a series of clear plastic trays to move teeth into their position over a length of time. This system is not recommended for more difficult cases, or for people whose last molars have yet to erupt. However, one of the disadvantages of Invisalign is that it usually requires a longer treatment time, especially because the appliance is removable, whereas conventional braces are always working because they are fixed to the patient's teeth. This usually allows for a faster treatment because the patient is not tempted to remove the appliance, as they may be with Invisalign.
Patients may need post-orthodontic surgery, such as a fiberotomy or alternatively a gum lift, to prepare their teeth for retainer use and improve the gumline contours after the braces come off. A fiberotomy or pericision is an Orthodontic Surgical procedure designed to sever the Gingival fibers around a tooth Orthodontic retainers are custom-made devices made usually of wires or clear plastic that hold teeth in position after surgery or any method of closing spaces between teeth
Each month or two, the braces must be adjusted. This helps shift the teeth into the correct position. When they get adjusted the orthodontist takes off the colored rubber bands keeping the wire in place. The wire is then taken out, and may be replaced or modified. When the wire has been placed back into the mouth, the patient may choose a color for the new rubber bands, which are then fixed to the metal brackets. The adjusting process may cause some discomfort, which is normal.
After getting the braces on they hurt for about 3 days - 1 week. Likewise, the same is true for elastics. Most patients switch to soft foods during this time, but in a few days, they will be able to go back to eating most of the foods that they have always enjoyed eating.
Post-treatment
In order to avoid the teeth moving back to their original position, retainers may be worn once the treatment with braces is complete.
Surgery can also follow treatment with braces.
Some patients find braces can be uncomfortable in the mouth, which can affect the post-treatment of patients with braces.
Retainers
Retainers are required to be worn once treatment with braces is complete. Orthodontic retainers are custom-made devices made usually of wires or clear plastic that hold teeth in position after surgery or any method of closing spaces between teeth The orthodontist will recommend a retainer based on the patient's needs. If a patient does not wear the retainer as recommended, the teeth will move towards their original position (relapse).
A Hawley retainer is made of metal hooks that surround the teeth and are enclosed by an acrylic plate shaped to fit the patient's palate. An Essix retainer is similar to Invisalign trays. It is a clear plastic tray form-fitted to the teeth and stays in place by suction. A bonded retainer is a wire permanently bonded to the lingual side of the teeth (usually the lower teeth only).
Pre-finisher
If a person's teeth are not ready for a proper retainer, the orthodontist may prescribe the use of a pre-finisher. This rubber appliance similar to a mouthguard fixes gaps between the teeth, small spaces between the upper and lower jaw, and other minor problems that could worsen. A mouthguard is protective wear that fits into the Mouth and covers the teeth and gums to prevent and reduce injury to the teeth arches lips and gums These problems are small matters that dental braces cannot fix.
The pre-finisher is molded to the patient's teeth by use of severe pressure to the appliance by the person's jaw. The pre-finisher is then worn for the prescribed time, with the user applying force to the pre-finisher in their mouth for ten to fifteen seconds at a time. The goal is increasing the "exercise" time, time spent applying force to the appliance. Like the retainer, the pre-finisher is not a permanent addition to one's mouth, and can be moved in and out of the mouth.
Surgery
- See also: Orthognathic surgery
Complications and risks
Plaque forms easily when food is retained in and around braces. Orthognathic surgery (ˌɔrθɒgˈnæθɪk (AHD ôr'thŏg-năth′-ĭk is Surgery to correct conditions of the Jaw and Face related to structure Dental plaque is Biofilm (usually colorless that builds up on the Teeth. It is important to maintain proper oral hygiene by brushing and flossing thoroughly when wearing braces to prevent tooth decay, decalcification, or unpleasant color changes to the teeth. Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the Mouth and Teeth clean in order to prevent dental problems and bad breath. Tooth brushing is the act of cleaning Teeth with a Toothbrush.
There is a small chance of allergic reaction to the latex rubber in elastics or to the metal used in braces. In rare cases it results Ulcerative Colitis. Latex-free elastics and alternative metals can be used instead. It is important for those who believe that they are allergic to their braces to notify the orthodontist immediately.
Mouth sores may be triggered by irritation from components of the braces. An oral ulcer (from Latin ulcus) is the name for the appearance of an open sore inside the mouth caused by a break in the Mucous membrane or the epithelium Many products can increase comfort, including oral rinses, dental wax or dental silicone, and products to help heal sores.
Braces can also be damaged if proper care is not taken. It is important to wear a mouthguard to prevent breakage and/or mouth injury when playing sports. A mouthguard is protective wear that fits into the Mouth and covers the teeth and gums to prevent and reduce injury to the teeth arches lips and gums Chewing gum and certain sticky or hard foods such as taffy, raw carrots, large hard pretzels, and toffee should be avoided because they can damage braces. For songs called "Chewing Gum" see Chewing Gum (song Chewing gum is a type of Confectionery traditionally made of Chicle The carrot ( Daucus carota subsp sativus, Etymology: Middle French carotte, from Late Latin carōta, from Greek karōton A pretzel is a bread pastry of German origin that has the shape of a three looped Knot or twisted braid Toffee is a Confection made by boiling Molasses or Sugar (creating inverted sugar) along with Butter, and occasionally Flour Frequent damage to braces can prolong treatment.
In the course of treatment orthodontic brackets may pop off due to the forces involved, or due to cement weakening over time. The orthodontist should be contacted immediately for advice if this occurs. In most cases the bracket is replaced.
When teeth move, the end of the arch wire may become displaced, causing it to poke the back of the patient's cheek. An orthodontic archwire is a wire conforming to the alveolar or dental arch that can be used as a source of force in correcting irregularities in the position of the teeth with Dental wax can be applied to cushion the protruding wire. The orthodontist must be called immediately to have it clipped, or a painful mouth ulcer may form. If the wire is causing severe pain, it may be necessary to carefully bend the edge of the wire in with a spoon or other piece of equipment (e. g. tweezers) until the wire can be clipped by an orthodontist. Tweezers are tools used for picking up small objects that are not easily handled with the Human Hands They are probably derived from Tongs, Pincers
Patients with periodontal disease usually must obtain periodontal treatment before getting braces. A deep cleaning is performed, and further treatment may be required before beginning orthodontic treatment. Bone loss due to periodontal disease may lead to tooth loss during treatment. Tooth loss is when one or more Teeth come loose and fall out Tooth loss is normal for deciduous teeth (baby teeth, when they are replaced by a person's adult
In some cases, teeth may be loose for a prolonged period of time. One may be able to wriggle one's teeth for a year or two after treatment or longer.
The dental displacement obtained with the orthodontic appliance determines in most cases some degree of root resorption. In Dentistry, root resorption is the breakdown or destruction and subsequent loss of the root structure of a tooth Only in a few cases is this side effect large enough to be considered real clinical damage to the tooth. In rare cases, the teeth may fall out or have to be extracted due to root resorption. [1][2]
Pain and discomfort are common after adjustment and may cause difficulty eating for a time, often several days. During this period, eating soft foods can help avoid additional pressure on teeth. A Soft diet is recommended in many situations including some types of Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing surgery involving the jaw mouth or Gastrointestinal tract
The metallic look may not be desirable to some people, although transparent varieties are available.
Treatment time and cost
Typical treatment time is from six months to six years, depending on the severity of the case, location, age, etc. , although two years is average. Treatment can be accelerated using novel planning and positioning techniques. The term " accelerated orthodontic treatment " is a controversial subject
The typical cost of braces ranges widely in various regions. For example, in the United States, the cost of braces is around $5000, but in Serbia prices start at $1000, in India they range from $600 to $1000, and in CIS countries, the cost is as low as $200 to $500 per jaw. In Colombia the cost is around $450 to $600 per year.
In some European countries (e. g. Sweden, Slovenia, Croatia or Denmark) orthodontic treatment is available without charge to patients under 18 (or for treatment to start at 16, such as Ireland and the UK) as benefits for orthodontic treatment are provided under government-run health care systems. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In some countries (eg. Ireland), adults can also get treatment at a discounted rate, or claim tax relief after paying a full cost with a private practitioner.
Sometimes braces are required more than once if the retainer fails to keep teeth in place.
Types of braces
Modern orthodontists can offer many types and varieties of braces:
- Traditional braces are stainless steel, sometimes in combination with nickel titanium, and are the most widely used. Many stainless steel brackets are offered by various orthodontic supply companies. These include coventional braces that require ties and newer self-tying (or self-ligating) brackets, like Time brackets by American Orthodontics, SmartClip Brackets by 3M Unitek, SPEED, or Damon brackets. Self ligating brackets, in some conditions, determine a reduction of friction between the wire and the slot of the bracket [3]. Friction is the Force resisting the relative motion of two Surfaces in contact or a surface in contact with a fluid (e
- Ceramic braces offer a less visible alternative. They blend in more with the natural color of the tooth and are arguably more visually appealing. Ceramic brackets are typically more brittle than stainless steel brackets and thus tend to be somewhat thicker to resist breakage.
- Gold-plated stainless steel braces are for people allergic to nickel (a component of stainless steel), but may be chosen because they blend better with teeth, and some people simply prefer the look of gold over the traditional silver-colored braces.
- Lingual braces are fitted behind the teeth, and are not visible with casual interaction. Lingual braces can be more difficult to adjust to, since they can hinder tongue movement.
- Progressive clear retainers, marketed under the tradename Invisalign, may be used to gradually move teeth into their final position. Invisalign is a series of clear removable Teeth aligners that both orthodontists and dentists use as an alternative to traditional metal Dental These have the same effect as braces but can be removed easily for eating, etc.
- A new concept under development are braces using so-called smart brackets. The smart bracket concept consists of a bracket containing a microchip capable of measuring the forces applied to the bracket/tooth interface. The goal of this successfully demonstrated concept [4][5] is to significantly reduce the duration of orthodontic therapy and to set the applied forces in non-harmful, optimal ranges.
Braces in popular culture
For many children and teenagers in the United States, even those without severe bite problems, braces are simply a part of growing up. There is a growing number of adults in the United States (roughly 25% of brace patients are over 21) wearing braces to correct orthodontic issues.
Celebrities who have been spotted wearing functional braces in adulthood and childhood include Tom Cruise, Celine Dion, Gwen Stefani, Lil Bow Wow, Ashley Judd, Joan Cusack(as a child), P!nk, Lee Ann Womack, Terrell Davis, Cameron Diaz, Lisa Scott-Lee, Lila McCann, Lisa Bonet, Linda Gray, Emma Watson, Cher, Nancy Kissinger (wife of former Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger), Brett Favre, Randy Moss,Fantasia,Marquis Daniels, Josh Howard, Ken Griffey, Jr., Megan Good, Kelly Clarkson, Kim Fields, Serena Williams, Venus Williams, Prince Harry, Stephen Palmer, Kevin Mawae, Reggie White, Felton Spencer, Dwight Howard, Alyssa Milano, Svetlana Kuznetsova, Cristiano Ronaldo, Billy Gilman and Dan Hawkins. Thomas Cruise Mapother IV ( born July 3 1962 better known by his screen name Tom Cruise, is an American Actor and Film producer Céline Marie Claudette Dion ( OC OQ (born March 30 1968 in Charlemagne Quebec) is a Canadian pop Singer Gwen Renée Stefani (born October 3 1969 (ˈgwɛn stɛˈfɑːni is an American recording artist and Fashion designer Stefani fronts the rock band No Doubt Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9 1987 better known by his Stage name Bow Wow (previously Lil' Bow Wow) is an American Rapper, actor and Ashley Judd (born April 19, 1968) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for her leading roles in a series of late 1990s and early Joan Mary Cusack (born October 11, 1962) is an Academy Award -nominated American actress and Comedian. Alecia Beth Moore (born September 8 1979 known professionally as P!nk is a two-time Grammy -winning American Singer-songwriter who gained prominence Lee Ann Womack (born August 19, 1966) is a Grammy Award -winning American country-pop artist Terrell Lamar Davis (born October 28, 1972 in San Diego, California) is a former American football Running back who played Cameron Michelle Díaz (born August 30 1972 is a Golden Globe - BAFTA - and SAG -Award nominated U Lisa Michelle Scott-Lee (born 5 November 1975 in St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales) is a Welsh Singer-songwriter Lila Elaine McCann (born December 4 1981 in Steilacoom Washington) is an American Country music singer who made her debut at age sixteen with the single "Down Lisa Bonet (born November 16, 1967) is an Emmy Award -nominated American actress. Linda Ann Gray (born September 12, 1940 in Santa Monica California) is an American actress, best known for her Emmy-nominated Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson (born 15 April 1990 is a French -born British actress Cher ( IPA: /ʃɛr/ born Cherilyn Sarkisian, May 20 1946 Nancy Kissinger (Nancy Maginnes (photo) is a philanthropist who is married to former U Secretary of State is a commonly used title for a Government Official. Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger on May 27, 1923) is a German -born American bureaucrat diplomat and 1973 Brett Lorenzo Favre (ˈfɑrv (born October 10 1969 is an American football Quarterback for the New York Jets of the National Football League Randall Gene Moss (born February 13, 1977 in Rand, West Virginia) is an American football Wide receiver for the New Marquis Antwane Daniels (born January 7 1981 in Orlando Florida) is a 6'6" (198 cm 200 lb (91 kg Shooting guard / Small forward Joshua Jay Howard (born April 28 1980) is an American professional Basketball player George Kenneth "Ken" Griffey Jr (born November 21 1969 in Donora Pennsylvania) is a Major League Baseball Center fielder for the Chicago Meagan Monique Good (born August 8 1981 is an American film and television actress Kelly Brianne Clarkson (born April 24 1982 is an American Pop rock singer songwriter and occasional actress. Kim Victoria Fields (born May 12, 1969 in New York, New York) is an American actress. Serena Jameka Williams (born September 26 1981 is a professional tennis player who is currently ranked World No Venus Ebony Starr Williams (born June 17 1980 is a former World No For actual Princes of Wales called Henry see Henry Prince of Wales. Stephen Palmer or Steve Palmer may refer to Stephen Palmer (orienteer Steve Palmer, footballer Kevin Mawae (ma-WY (born January 23, 1971 in Savannah Georgia) is an American Football player who plays center for the Tennessee Reginald Howard "Reggie" White ( December 19, 1961 &ndash December 26, 2004) was a professional American football player Felton LaFrance Spencer (born January 15 1968 in Louisville Kentucky) is a retired American professional Basketball player at the Dwight David Howard (born December 8 1985 in Atlanta Georgia) is an American Basketball player for the Orlando Magic of the National Alyssa Jayne Milano (born December 19, 1972) is an American actress and former singer Svetlana Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova ( (born June 27, 1985) is a Russian professional Tennis player who is currently ranked World No Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro, OIH (kɾɨʃˈtiɐnu ʁuˈnaɫdu born 5 February 1985 in Funchal, Madeira) is a Portuguese footballer Billy Gilman (born William Wendell Gilman III, May 24, 1988) is an American Country music Singer-songwriter. Dan Hawkins (born November 10, 1960 in Fall River Mills CA) is the head football coach at the University of Colorado Buffaloes Paula Jones, who gained fame during the late 1990s for filing a sexual harassment lawsuit against then-President Bill Clinton, wore braces during the months when she was going through other physical and wardrobe changes. Paula Corbin Jones (born Paula Rosalee Corbin on September 17, 1966, in Lonoke Arkansas) is a former Arkansas state employee who William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States
Wearing braces as a fashion statement, rather than from medical necessity, appears to catch on among the young in some parts of the world. Medical necessity is a United States Legal doctrine, related to activities which may be justified as reasonable necessary and/or appropriate based on evidence-based In 2006, the media reported that wearing fake braces had become a teen fad in Thailand, and authorities considered punishing sellers of fake braces with six months in prison or a $1,300 fine. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj [1] A similar fad has occurred in the Philippines, though it has caught on with everyone of all ages, teenagers and the elderly alike; dental braces are a sign of wealth in the Philippines. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP This is not dissimilar to obesity being coveted in some places of the Third World, as it is also an indicator of some wealth. Obesity is a condition in which excess Body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be negatively affected Third World is a name given to nations that are generally considered to be underdeveloped economically
Notable appearances of braces in popular culture include:
- Princess Diaries Princess Mia wore dental braces. The Princess Diaries is the most notable series of novels by Meg Cabot in the Chick-lit genre and the title of the first volume, published
- Beavis and Butt-Head One of the main characters, Butt-Head, wears braces. Beavis and Butt-head is an American Animated television series created by Mike Judge.
- The Simpsons episode "Last Exit to Springfield" featured the memorable mantra "Dental Plan… Lisa Needs Braces" as Homer considered the fact that losing his work-based dental plan would force him to pay for Lisa's orthodontic work. " Last Exit to Springfield " is the seventeenth episode of The Simpsons ' fourth season which originally aired March 11 1993 Homer Jay Simpson is a main fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons and father of the eponymous family. Lisa Marie Simpson is a Fictional character in the animated Television series The Simpsons and is voiced by Yeardley Smith.
- Braceface is a cartoon where the protagonist's braces prevent her from having a normal life. Braceface is a Canadian Animated series currently broadcast on Teletoon in Canada and on the Disney Channel and ABC Family in the
- Norelle Van Herk, a contestant on America's Next Top Model Cycle 3, came into the competition wearing braces. America's Next Top Model, Cycle 3 debuted on September 22, 2004. America's Next Top Model (often shortened to Top Model or abbreviated as ANTM) is a Reality television show in which a number of women compete
- Tootie Ramsey, a character on the long-running U.S. sitcom The Facts of Life, wore braces for six years. This is a list of characters from the NBC sitcom The Facts of Life. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Facts of Life is an American Sitcom that originally ran on the NBC television network from August 24, 1979
- Ugly Betty, a TV comedy series debuting in 2006 on ABC. Ugly Betty is an American television Comedy-drama series starring America Ferrera in the title role along with Eric Mabius The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. Actress America Ferrera wears fake braces when portraying Betty Suarez to emphasise her character's physical unattractiveness. America Georgine Ferrera (born April 18 1984 is an American Actress. Beatriz "Betty" U Suarez is a central fictional character and heroine of the American dramedy series Ugly Betty.
- Oxygen (film) The main character in the movie played by Adrien Brody wears braces. Oxygen is 1999 Film, directed and written by Richard Shepard. Adrien Brody (born April 14 1973 is an Academy Award -winning American Actor. A notable line from the movie has an NYPD Captain respond to one of his officers asking how they could find the guy by visiting dental offices in NY by saying "How many 25 year olds do you know who wear braces?".
- "Weird Al" Yankovic pointedly did not wear grills but still wore braces in his song, "White & Nerdy". Alfred Matthew "Weird Al" Yankovic (ˈjæŋkəvɪk born October 23 1959 is a Grammy Award winning American singer Musician, actor satirist In Hip hop culture, a grill (also front or golds) is a type of Jewelry worn over the Teeth. " White & Nerdy' " is the second single from "Weird Al" Yankovic 's album Straight Outta Lynwood, which was released on September
- Magnolia (film) Quiz Kid Donnie Smith, played by William H. Macy, yearns for braces during much of the film. Magnolia is a 1999 American Drama film, written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson. William Hall Macy Jr (born March 13, 1950) is an Academy Award -nominated double Emmy - and Screen Actors Guild Award -winning Although the braces are unneeded, he hopes wearing them will attract a braces-wearing bartender. Ironically, he realizes his foolishness just after his teeth are disfigured in an accidental fall.
- The Aqua Teen Hunger Force character Frylock wears braces. Aqua Teen Hunger Force (also known as ATHF) is an American Animated television series shown on Cartoon Network as part Aqua Teen Hunger Force (also known as ATHF) is an American Animated television series shown on Cartoon Network as part
- Eliza (character), from The Wild Thornberrys, wears braces. The Wild Thornberrys is an American Animated television series that aired on Nickelodeon from 1998 to 2004
- In 6teen, Zane dumped Tricia because of her braces. 6teen is an animated Canadian sitcom created by Jennifer Pertsch and Tom McGillis for Teletoon as one of its
- The Brady Bunch Marcia wore braces. The Brady Bunch is an American Television Situation comedy based around a large blended family.
- In South Park Stan's sadistic sister wears braces and a head gear. South Park is an animated American television comedy series created and written by Trey Parker and Matt Stone for Comedy Central
- Chester McBadbat(Character), one of the best friends of Timmy Turner, from The Fairly Odd Parents(Animation) happens to wear braces. This is a list of characters in the Nickelodeon animated series The Fairly OddParents. The bouncing ball animation (below consists of these 6 frames
- Minute Men (film) Main star Virgule (Jason Dolley) wore braces at the very start.
- Charlie and the Chocolate Factory main character Willy Wonka used to wear braces in childhood. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 2005 Film directed by Tim Burton and starring Johnny Depp.
See also
References
- ^ Thai authorities to ban fake braces, The Age, 27 January 2006
External links
- American Association of Orthodontists
- Azeri Orthodontic Society
- The Orthodontic CYBERjournal
- Orthodontic Technicians Association
- Unbiased Dental Braces Reviews
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