History

Coat of arms of Prince Anatole Demidoff.

The Demidov (Russian: Деми́довы) family, also Demidoff, were probably the richest Russian people after the Tsar in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation.

Their progenitor, Demid Antufiev, was a free blacksmith from Tula, where their family necropolis is preserved as a museum. blacksmith is a person who creates objects from Iron or Steel by Forging the Metal; i Tula (Ту́ла is an industrial city in the European part of Russia, located 193 km south of Moscow, on the river Upa. His son Nikita Demidov (March 26, 1656 - November 17, 1725) made his fortune by his skill in the manufacture of weapons, and established an iron foundry for the government. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers Year 1725 ( MDCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Peter the Great, with whom he was a favorite, ennobled him to princely status in 1720. For two centuries, the Demidov plants produced a large portion of Russia's iron and steel. The Palace of Westminster was one of many notable buildings constructed of Demidov metal products.

Nikita's son, Akinfiy Demidov (1678-1745), increased his inherited wealth by the discovery and working of gold, silver and copper mines. He also founded the Siberian town of Barnaul, whose central square still bears his name. Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving For the Barnaul meteorite of 1904 see Meteorite falls. For the bird see Barn owl. His nephew, Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov (1738-1821), was a great traveller and benefactor of Russian scientific education who befriended Carolus Linnaeus and Pallas. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Peter Simon Pallas ( September 22, 1741, Berlin — September 8, 1811, Berlin) was a German Zoologist He established the Demidov Lyceum in Yaroslavl, the Demidov chair in Natural history at Moscow University, and founded an annual prize for Russian literature, awarded by the Academy of Sciences. The Yaroslavl Demidov State University is an institution of higher education in Yaroslavl, Russia. Yaroslavl (Яросла́вль is a city in Russia, the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, located north-east of Moscow. Natural history is the Scientific research of Plants or Animals leaning more towards the Observational than Experimental methods The Russian Academy of Sciences (Российская Академия Наук Rossi'iskaya Akade'miya Nau'k, shortened to PAH RAN) consists of the National A bronze monument to him was installed in Yaroslavl in 1828. Yaroslavl (Яросла́вль is a city in Russia, the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, located north-east of Moscow. The year 1828 ( MDCCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap

Statue of Nikolay Demidov, by Thorvaldsen. (Albert Bertel Thorvaldsen ( November 19, 1770 – March 24, 1844) was a Danish / Icelandic sculptor

Pavel's nephew, Nikolay Nikitich Demidov (1774-1828), fought in the Napoleonic War with distinction, raised and commanded a regiment to oppose Napoleon's invasion of Russia, and carried on the accumulation of the family wealth from mining; he contributed liberally to the erection of four bridges in St Petersburg, and to the propagation of scientific culture in Moscow. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions The French invasion of Russia in 1812 was a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River

Nikolay's son Pavel Nikolayevich Demidov (1798-1840) fought as an officer in his father's regiment and received his baptism of fire at the battle of Borodino in 1812. The Battle of Borodino (Бородинская битва Borodinskaja bitva, Bataille de la Moskowa) fought on September 7, 1812, was After the war he entered the Chevalier Guards regiment. The Chevalier Guard regiment ( Кавалергардский полк) was a Russian heavy cavalry guard regiment created in 1800 by the reformation of the Chevalier Guard He received his discharge in 1831 with the rank of captain when he entered civil service as governor of the province of Kursk. In 1834 he entered service in the Ministry of the Exterior as court Huntsmaster, later State Councillor. Pavel Demidov is best known for his philantropy, primarily for having founded the Demidov Prize. The Demidov Prize (Демидовская премия was a national scientific prize in the Russian Empire awarded annually to the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences He married the well-known society beauty and maid-of-honour to her majesty the Empress Alexandra Feodorovnya Aurore Stjernvall (1808-1903) in 1836. Eva Aurora Charlotta Karamzin neé Stjernvall, ( 1 August 1808 &ndash 13 May 1902) was a Finnish Philanthropist; Their son, Pavel Pavlovich Demidov, was the grandfather of Prince Paul of Yugoslavia. Prince Paul of Yugoslavia ( Serbian:Павле/Pavle ( April 27 1893 – September 11 1976) of the Serbian later Yugoslav Royal

Nikolay's second son, Anatole Demidov (1813-1870), was a well-known traveller and patron of art. In 1837, he acquired the Italian title of Prince de San Donato and married Princess Mathilde, daughter of Jerome Bonaparte. Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Mathilde Laetitia Wilhelmine Bonaparte Princesse Française ( May 27 1820 – January 2 1904) was a daughter of Napoleon 's brother Jérôme-Napoléon Bonaparte French Prince King of Westphalia, 1st Prince of Montfort ( November 15, 1784 &ndash June 24, 1860 His Villa Demidoff is a minor landmark of Florence. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany Anatole's great grand nephew, Crown Prince Pavel, was regent of Yugoslavia between 1934 and 1941. Prince Paul of Yugoslavia ( Serbian:Павле/Pavle ( April 27 1893 – September 11 1976) of the Serbian later Yugoslav Royal See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Hereditary Commanders of the Knights Hospitaller

19th-Century Commander's Badge, Russian Grand Priory

In 1798, Prince Nikolay Nikitich Demidov was made a Hereditary Commander of the Russian Grand Priory of the Order of Saint John, by Czar Paul I. Brother Gerard created the Order of St John of Jerusalem as a distinctive Order from the previous Benedictine establishment of Hospitallers (Госпитальеры Paul (Па́вел I Петро́вич Pavel Petrovich) ( &ndash) was the Emperor of Russia between 1796 and 1801 Those favoured by Czar Paul and his son Alexander I of Russia, had been given beneficed Commanderies, and others were encouraged to use their wealth to create their own Commanderies; it is these which were known as Family or Ancestral Commanderies. Alexander I of Russia ( Russian: Александр I Павлович / Aleksandr I Pavlovich (23 December 1777 – November 19 1825 served as Emperor of The senior ranking direct descendent inherits the prerogatives of a Hereditary Knight Commander of Russian Grand Priory. A Hereditary Commander is a ( Knight) Commander whose family holds that title by hereditary right Alexandre Tissot Demidoff of Paris currently holds this distinction. [1]

Ancestral Commanderies established during the reigns of Paul I and Alexander I of Russia include those of:

Narychkine, Count Chéréméteff, Prince Youssoupoff †, Stroganov †, Count Samoiloif ‡, Prince Belosselsky, Prince Dolgoroukov, Davydov, Prince Barytinsky, Prince Démidoff, Prince Troubetzkoy, Count Worontzoff, Maruzzi †, Beklechev †, Prince Tioufiakine †, Count Olsoufieff, Gerebtzoff, Count Strogonoff †, Boutourline, Potemkine †, Tchirikoff †, Prince Khilkoff ‡, Prince Odoevsky †, and Prince Youssoupoff †.

Key. † Direct Male line from the first Commander extinct. ‡ Direct Male line is extinct, but the family was reinstated via the female line by the Imperium.

See also

Alexander Demidov's chateau in Taitsy near Gatchina (1773-76) was designed by his brother-in-law, Ivan Starov. For other senses of this word see Château (disambiguation. A château (plural châteaux) is a Manor house or residence Gatchina (Га́тчина is a city in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located 45 km south of St Ivan Yegorovich Starov (Ива́н Его́рович Ста́ров (1745&ndash1808 was a Russian architect from St

• Sancy - the most famous of diamonds, in possession of the Demidovs from 1828 to 1865
• Leaning Tower of Nevyansk - a tower commissioned by Akinfiy Demidov
• Demidov Prize - the oldest scientific award established in 1831 by Pavel Nikolaevich Demidov
• The Last Day of Pompeii - a painting commissioned by Anatole Demidov
• The Execution of Lady Jane Grey - another painting from his collection
• Chicken Demidoff - a food named after Prince Anatole

Publications

• Anatole Demidoff, Travels in Southern Russia, and the Crimea; through Hungary, Wallachia, & Modavia, during the Year 1837, London, J. The Sancy, a pale yellow Diamond of 5523 Carats (11046 g was once reputed to have belonged to the Great Moguls of antiquity but is more likely of The year 1828 ( MDCCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Leaning Tower of Nevyansk (Невья́нская ба́шня is a Tower in the town of Nevyansk in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia The Demidov Prize (Демидовская премия was a national scientific prize in the Russian Empire awarded annually to the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences The Last Day of Pompeii is an enormous canvas painted by Karl Briullov in 1830-33 This is a list of Food items named after people. For other lists of eponyms (names derived from people see Eponym. Mitchell, 1853, LCCN 05-033883

External links

• History and portraits of the Demidovs
• Genealogy of the Demidovs as Princes di San-Donato
• Anatole and Mathilde: Story of Their Marriage
• History of the Demidov Family (from the website of the Demidov University)

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Library of Congress Control Number or LCCN is a serially based system of numbering cataloging records in the Library of Congress in the United The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone