In Greek mythology Demeter (pronounced /dɨˈmiːtɚ/; Greek: Δημήτηρ, possibly "distribution-mother" from the noun of the Indo-European mother-earth *dheghom *mater, also called simply Δηώ) is the goddess of grain and fertility, the pure nourisher of the youth and the green earth, the health-giving cycle of life and death, and preserver of marriage and the sacred law. Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly A goddess is a Female Deity. Many Cultures have goddesses Often deities are part of a polytheistic system that includes several deities NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** She is invoked as the "bringer of seasons" in the Homeric hymn, a subtle sign that she was worshipped long before she was made one of the Olympians. A season is one of the major divisions of the Year, generally based on yearly periodic changes in Weather. The thirty-three anonymous Homeric Hymns celebrating individual gods are a collection of ancient Greek Hymns "Homeric" in the sense that they employ the The Twelve Olympians, also known as the Dodekatheon ( Greek: Δωδεκάθεον The Homeric Hymn to Demeter has been dated to about the seventh century BC. The thirty-three anonymous Homeric Hymns celebrating individual gods are a collection of ancient Greek Hymns "Homeric" in the sense that they employ the ^[1] She and her daughter Persephone were the central figures of the Eleusinian Mysteries that also predated the Olympian pantheon. In Greek mythology, Persephone ( Kore or Cora) was the embodiment of the Earth's fertility at the same time that she was the Queen of the Underworld The Eleusinian Mysteries (Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone

Her Roman equivalent is Ceres, from whom the word "cereal" is derived. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC

Demeter is easily confused with Gaia or Rhea, and with Cybele. Gaia (ˈgeɪə or /ˈgaɪə/ (" land " or " Earth " from the Ancient Greek Γαîα also Gæa or Gea Rhea ( ancient Greek) was the Titaness daughter of Uranus, the sky and Gaia, the earth in classical Greek mythology Originally a Hittite and Phrygian Goddess, Cybele (Κυβέλη was a deification of the Earth Mother and was worshipped in The goddess's epithets reveal the span of her functions in Greek life. An epithet (from Greek ἐπίθετον - epitheton, neut of ἐπίθετος - epithetos, "attributed added" is a Demeter and Kore ("the maiden") are usually invoked as to theo ('"The Two Goddesses"), and they appear in that form in Linear B graffiti at Mycenaean Pylos in pre-classical times. Linear B is a script that was used for writing Mycenaean, an early form of Greek. Mycenaean Greece is a cultural period of ancient Greece taking its name from the archaeological site of Mycenae in northeastern Argolis, in the Peloponnese This article is about the Greek geographical feature and town In the context of the art architecture and culture of Ancient Greece, the classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries A connection with the goddess-cults of Minoan Crete is quite possible. The Minoan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization which arose on the island of Crete. Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the

According to the Athenian rhetorician Isocrates, the greatest gifts which Demeter gave were cereal (also known as corn in modern Britain), which made man different from wild animals; and the Mysteries which give man higher hopes in this life and the afterlife. Rhetoric has had many definitions no simple definition can do it justice Isocrates ( Greek: Ἰσοκράτης 436–338 BC an Ancient Greek rhetorician, was one of the ten Attic orators. ^[2]

Contents 1 Titles and functions 2 Demeter Erinys: Vengeful Demeter 2.1 Demeter and Poseidon 2.2 Demeter Erinys 3 Demeter and Persephone 4 Demeter's stay at Eleusis 5 Children 6 Portrayals 7 Demeter in astronomy 8 Demeter in popular culture 9 References 10 External links

Titles and functions

In various contexts, Demeter is invoked with many epithets, which offer clues to her roles:

Potnia ("mistress") in the Homeric Hymn to Demeter is an ancient epithet which appears in Mycenaean inscriptions in Linear B. An epithet (from Greek ἐπίθετον - epitheton, neut of ἐπίθετος - epithetos, "attributed added" is a The thirty-three anonymous Homeric Hymns celebrating individual gods are a collection of ancient Greek Hymns "Homeric" in the sense that they employ the Linear B is a script that was used for writing Mycenaean, an early form of Greek. Hera especially, but also Artemis and Athena, are addressed as "Mistress". In the Olympian pantheon of classical Greek Mythology, Hera (ˈhɪərə or /ˈhɛrə/ Greek) or Here ( in Ionic and Homer In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister ATHENA was an Antimatter research project that took place at the AD Ring at CERN. As Erinys ("implacable"),^[3] a stern Demeter is invoked: the Erinyes or furies, were the implacable agents of retribution; in a similar sense, Demeter could be invoked as Thesmophoros ("giver of customs" or even "legislator") a role that links her to the even more ancient goddess Themis. In Greek mythology the Erinyes (Ἐρινύες pl of Ἐρινύς lit For other uses see Themis (disambiguation. In Greek mythology, Hesiod mentions Themis (Θέμις among the six sons and six daughters of Gaia This title was connected with the Thesmophoria, a festival of secret women-only rituals in Athens connected with marriage customs. Thesmophoria was a festival held in Greek cities in honor of the goddesses Demeter and her daughter Persephone. The History of Athens is one of the longest of any city in Europe and in the world

Chloe ("the green shoot")^[4] invokes her powers of ever-returning fertility, as does Chthonia ("in the ground"). ^[5] Anesidora ("sending up gifts from the earth") applied to Demeter in Pausanias 1. 31. 4, also appears inscribed on an Attic ceramic as a name for Pandora. In Greek mythology, Pandora (from Greek:, "giver of all all-endowed" was the first woman Demeter might also be invoked in the guise of

• Malophoros ("apple-bearer" or "sheep-bearer", Pausanias 1. 44. 3)
• Kidaria (Pausanias 8. 13. 3),
• Lusia ("bathing", Pausanias 8. 25. 8)
• Thermasia ("warmth", Pausanias 2. 34. 6)
• Kabeiraia, a pre-Greek name of uncertain meaning that links Demeter as patroness to the Kabeiroi. In Greek mythology, the Cabeiri, ( Cabiri, Kabeiroi, Greek: Κάβειροι were a group of enigmatic Chthonic deities In Greek mythology, the Cabeiri, ( Cabiri, Kabeiroi, Greek: Κάβειροι were a group of enigmatic Chthonic deities
• Achaea, the name by which she was worshipped at Athens by the Gephyraeans who had emigrated from Boeotia. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Boeotia, Beotia, or Bœotia ( Greek: Βοιωτία - English biːˈoʊʃiə formerly Cadmeis was a region of Ancient Greece, north of the ^[6][7]

• Thesmophoros ("giver of customs" or even "legislator", a role that links her to the even more ancient goddess Themis. For other uses see Themis (disambiguation. In Greek mythology, Hesiod mentions Themis (Θέμις among the six sons and six daughters of Gaia This title was connected with the Thesmophoria, a festival of secret women-only rituals in Athens connected with marriage customs. Thesmophoria was a festival held in Greek cities in honor of the goddesses Demeter and her daughter Persephone. The History of Athens is one of the longest of any city in Europe and in the world )

Theocritus remembered an earlier role of Demeter:

For the Greeks Demeter was still a poppy goddess

Bearing sheaves and poppies in both hands. Theocritus ( Greek: Θεόκριτος the creator of Ancient Greek Bucolic Poetry, flourished in the 3rd century BC — Idyll vii. 157

In a clay statuette from Gazi (Heraklion Museum, Kereny 1976 fig 15), the Minoan poppy goddess wears the seed capsules, sources of nourishment and narcosis, in her diadem. "It seems probable that the Great Mother Goddess, who bore the names Rhea and Demeter, brought the poppy with her from her Cretan cult to Eleusis, and it is certain that in the Cretan cult sphere, opium was prepared from poppies" (Kerenyi 1976, p 24). A mother goddess is a Goddess, often portrayed as the Earth Mother who serves as a general Fertility deity the bountiful embodiment of the Earth. The Eleusinian Mysteries (Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone

In honor of Demeter of Mysia a seven-day festival was held at Pellené in Arcadia (Pausan. Arcadia or Arkadía ( Greek Αρκαδία is a region of Greece in the Peloponnesus. 7. 27, 9). Pausanias passed the shrine to Demeter at Mysia on the road from Mycenae to Argos but all he could draw out to explain the archaic name was a myth of an eponymous Mysius who venerated Demeter. "Lion Gate" redirects here For other uses see Lions' Gate (disambiguation. Argos ( Greek: Ἄργος, Árgos ˈaɾɣos is a city in Greece in the Peloponnese near Nafplio, which was its historic harbor She is the daughter of Cronus and Rhea.

Major sites for the cult of Demeter were not confined to any localized part of the Greek world: there were sites at Eleusis, in Sicily, Hermion, in Crete, Megara, Celeae, Lerna, Aegila, Munychia, Corinth, Delos, Priene, Akragas, Iasos, Pergamon, Selinus, Tegea, Thorikos, Dion, Lykosoura, Mesembria, Enna, and Samothrace. This article discusses cult in the original and typically ancient sense of "religious practice" (cultus Elefsina (Ελευσίνα Ancient/ Katharevousa: Eleusis is a town and municipality about 20 km NW of Athens. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. Crete ( Greek: Κρήτη transliteration: Krētē, modern transliteration Kriti) is the largest of the Greek islands and the Megara ( Greek:, "Big Houses" is an ancient city (pop In classical Greece Lerna was a region of springs and a former lake near the east coast of the Peloponnesus, south of Argos. Munichia is the ancient Greek name for a steep hill (86 m high in Piraeus, Athens, Greece known today as Kastella. Corinth, or Korinth ( Greek Κόρινθος ( is a city in Greece. The island of Delos ( Greek: Δήλος Dhilos) isolated in the centre of the roughly circular ring of islands called the Cyclades, near Mykonos Priene ( Ancient Greek: Πριήνη, Priēnē was an ancient Greek city of Ionia (and member of the Ionian League) at the base Agrigento ( Girgenti in Sicilian) is a city on the southern coast of Sicily, Italy, and capital of the Province of Agrigento There is also a New Age musician named Iasos. Iasos or Iassos was a city in Caria located on the Gulf of Iasos (now called Selinunte ( Greek:; Latin: Selinus) is an ancient Greek archaeological site situated on the south coast of Sicily between Tegea was a settlement in ancient Greece and it is also a municipality in modern Arcadia, Greece, with its seat in the village Stadio. Lycosura (Greek Ancient Λυκόσουρα Modern Palaeokastro or Siderokastro was a city of Arcadia reputed to be the most ancient city in Greece and indeed Enna is also a genus of spiders ( Trechaleidae) Enna ( Sicilian: Castrugiuvanni; Greek Samothrace (Σαμοθράκη is an island municipality in Greece, in the northern Aegean Sea.

She was associated with the Roman goddess Ceres. Roman mythology, or more appropriately Latin mythology, refers to the mythological beliefs of the Italic people inhabiting the region of Latium and its When Demeter was given a genealogy, she was the daughter of Cronos and Rhea, and therefore the elder sister of Zeus. Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology Her priestesses were addressed with the title Melissa. Melissa is a Given name for a Female. It has a Greek origin meaning Honey bee.

Demeter taught mankind the arts of agriculture: sowing seeds, ploughing, harvesting, etc. She was especially popular with rural folk, partly because they most benefited directly from her assistance, and partly because rural folk are more conservative about keeping to the old ways. Demeter herself was central to the older religion of Greece. Relics unique to her cult, such as votive clay pigs, were being fashioned in the Neolithic. In Roman times, a sow was still sacrificed to Ceres following a death in the family, to purify the household.

Demeter Erinys: Vengeful Demeter

Demeter and Poseidon

Demeter and Poseidon's names are linked in the earliest scratched notes in Linear B found at Mycenaean Pylos, where they appear as PO-SE-DA-WO-NE and DA-MA-TE in the context of sacralized lot-casting. In Greek mythology, Poseidon ( Greek:; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the Sea and as "Earth-Shaker" Linear B is a script that was used for writing Mycenaean, an early form of Greek. This article is about the Greek geographical feature and town The 'DA' element in each of their names is seemingly connected to an Proto-Indo-European root relating to distribution of land and honors (compare Latin dare "to give"). Poseidon (his name seems to signify "consort of the distributor") once pursued Demeter, in her archaic form as a mare-goddess. She resisted Poseidon, but she could not disguise her divinity among the horses of King Onkios. Poseidon became a stallion and covered her. She bore to Poseidon a Daughter, the "Mistress" whose name might not be uttered outside the Eleusinian Mysteries, and a steed named Arion, with a black mane. In Greek mythology, Despoina or Despoena, (Gk Δέσποινα "miss" "damsel" or "queen" was the daughter of Demeter The Eleusinian Mysteries (Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone Arion was a legendary Kitharode in Ancient Greece, a Dionysiac Poet credited with inventing the Dithyramb.

In Arcadia, Demeter was worshiped as a horse-headed deity into historical times:

The second mountain, Mt. Arcadia or Arkadía ( Greek Αρκαδία is a region of Greece in the Peloponnesus. Elaios, is about 30 stades from Phigaleia, and has a cave sacred to Demeter Melaine ["Black"]. Phigalia, or Phigaleia (Greek Φιγαλεία or Φιγάλεια is an ancient Greek city in the south-west angle of Arcadia. . . the Phigalians say, they accounted the cave sacred to Demeter, and set up a wooden image in it. A xoanon ( Greek: ξόανον plural ξόανα xoana, from the verb ξέειν xein, to carve or scrape) was an Archaic wooden The image was made in the following fashion: it was seated on a rock, and was like a woman in all respects save the head. She had the head and hair of a horse, and serpents and other beasts grew out of her head. Her chiton reached right to her feet, and she held a dolphin in one hand, a dove in the other. A chiton ( Ancient Greek khitōn (χιτών was a form of clothing in Ancient Greece, worn by both women and men Why they made the xoanon like this should be clear to any intelligent man who is versed in tradition. A xoanon ( Greek: ξόανον plural ξόανα xoana, from the verb ξέειν xein, to carve or scrape) was an Archaic wooden They say they named her Black because the goddess wore black clothing. However, they cannot remember who made this xoanon or how it caught fire; but when it was destroyed the Phigalians gave no new image to the goddess and largely neglected her festivals and sacrifices, until finally barrenness fell upon the land.

– Pausanias, Description of Greece 8. Pausanias ( Greek:) was a Greek traveller and Geographer of the 2nd century CE, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus 42. 1ff.

Demeter Erinys

As for Demeter, she was literally furious (Demeter Erinys) at the assault, but washed away her anger in the River Ladon, becoming Demeter Lousia, the "bathed Demeter". In Greek mythology the Erinyes (Ἐρινύες pl of Ἐρινύς lit ^[8] "In her alliance with Poseidon," Karl Kerenyi noted,^[9] "she was Earth, who bears plants and beasts, and could therefore assume the shape of an ear of corn or a mare. One of the founders of modern studies in Greek mythology, Károly (Carl Karl Kerényi ( January 19, 1897 &ndash April 14 1973 " In her period of eclipse, the Grain Goddess brought desiccation and death to the croplands of which she was the patroness. Pausanias explicitly connects the neglect of her festival with the barrenness of Phigalia. The rites at Phigaleia noted by Pausanias remained local; by contrast, the specifically Eleusinian mythic theme of Demeter and Persephone, accounting in another way for the annual eclipse of Demeter, was given the widest conceivable currency through the Eleusinian Mysteries that celebrated and recreated it, and passed into the mainstream tradition, as it was carried by literary sources. Elefsina (Ελευσίνα Ancient/ Katharevousa: Eleusis is a town and municipality about 20 km NW of Athens. The Eleusinian Mysteries (Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone

Demeter and Persephone

The central myth of Demeter, which is at the heart of the Eleusinian Mysteries, is her relationship with Persephone, her daughter and own younger self. The Eleusinian Mysteries (Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone In Greek mythology, Persephone ( Kore or Cora) was the embodiment of the Earth's fertility at the same time that she was the Queen of the Underworld In the Olympian pantheon, Persephone became the consort of Hades (Roman Pluto, the underworld god of wealth). Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient Pluto was the Roman god of the underworld known in Latin as Tertius the counterpart of the Greek Hades. Demeter had a large scope of abilities. Besides being the goddess of the harvest, she also controlled the seasons, and because of that she was capable of destroying all life on earth. In fact, her powers were able to influence Zeus into making Hades bring her daughter Persephone up from the underworld. Persephone became the goddess of the underworld when Hades abducted her from the earth and brought her into the underworld. She had been playing with some nymphs, whom Demeter later changed into the Sirens as punishment for having interfered, and the ground split and she was taken in by Hades. Life came to a standstill as the depressed Demeter searched for her lost daughter.

Finally, Zeus could not put up with the dying earth and forced Hades to return Persephone by sending Hermes to retrieve her. Hermes ( Greek,, ˈhɝmiːz in Greek mythology, is the Olympian god of boundaries and of the travelers who cross them of Shepherds and But before she was released, Hades tricked her into eating six pomegranate seeds (the number varies in various versions; one, three, four, or even seven according to the telling), which forced her to return for six months each year. The pomegranate ( Punica granatum) is a Fruit -bearing Deciduous Shrub or small Tree growing to between five and eight metres tall A seed (in some plants referred to as a kernel) is a small embryonic Plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat usually with some stored When Demeter and her daughter were together, the earth flourished with vegetation. But for six months each year, when Persephone returned to the underworld, the earth once again became a barren realm. Summer, autumn, and spring by comparison have heavy rainfall and mild temperatures in which plant life flourishes. It was during her trip to retrieve Persephone from the underworld that she revealed the Eleusinian Mysteries. The Eleusinian Mysteries (Ἐλευσίνια Μυστήρια were initiation ceremonies held every year for the cult of Demeter and Persephone In an alternate version, Hecate rescued Persephone. Hecate ( Greek: Ἑκάτη, "far-shooting") Hekate ( Hekátê In other alternative versions, Persephone was not tricked into eating the pomegranate seeds but chose to eat them herself, or ate them accidentally, that is, not knowing the effect it would have or perhaps even recognize it for what it was. In the latter version it is claimed that Ascalaphus, one of Hades' gardners, claimed to have witnessed her do so, at the moment that she was preparing to return with Hermes. Regardless, the result is the occurrence of the unfruitful seasons of the ancient Greek calendars. The Attic calendar is the Calendar that was in use in ancient Attica, the ancestral territory of the Athenian Polis.

According to Robert Graves, Persephone is not only the younger self of Demeter, she is in turn also one of three guises of Demeter as the Triple Goddess. Robert Graves (24 July 1895 &ndash 7 December 1985 was an English Poet, Translator and Novelist. In ancient Indo-European mythologies various Goddesses or demi-goddesses appear as a triad, either as three separate beings The other two guises are Kore (the younger one, signifying green young corn, the maiden) and Hecate (the elder of the three, the harvested corn, the crone) with Demeter in between, signifying the ripe ears, the nymph, waiting to be plucked, which to a certain extent reduces the name and role of Demeter to that of groupname. Before Persephone was abducted by Hades, an event witnessed by the shepherd Eumolpus and the swineherd Eubuleus (they saw a girl being carried of into the earth which had violently opened up, in a black chariot, driven by an invisible driver), she was called Kore. It is when she is taken that she becomes Persephone ('she who brings destruction'). Hekate was also reported to have told Demeter that she had heard Kore scream that she was being raped. (Robert Graves, The Greek Myths, 24. p 94-95, ISBN 0-14-001026-2)

Demeter's stay at Eleusis

Demeter was searching for her daughter Persephone (also known as Kore). Having taken the form of an old woman called Doso, she received a hospitable welcome from Celeus, the King of Eleusis in Attica (and also Phytalus). Celeus (or Keleus) was the king of Eleusis in Greek mythology. Elefsina (Ελευσίνα Ancient/ Katharevousa: Eleusis is a town and municipality about 20 km NW of Athens. Attica (Αττική Attikí;) is a periphery (subdivision in Greece, containing Athens, the capital of Greece In Greek mythology, Phytalus gave Demeter hospitality when she was searching for her daughter Persephone. He asked her to nurse Demophon and Triptolemus, his sons by Metanira. In Greek mythology, Demophon referred to two different persons Demophon, a king of Athens, according to Pindar, son of Theseus Buzyges redirects here For the Genus of Grass skipper Butterflies, see Buzyges (butterfly. In Greek mythology, Metanira (or Metaenira or Metaneira) was a queen of Eleusis and wife of Celeus.

As a gift to Celeus, because of his hospitality, Demeter planned to make Demophon as a god, by coating and anointing him with Ambrosia, breathing gently upon him while holding him in her arms and bosom, and making him immortal by burning his mortal spirit away in the family hearth every night. In ancient Greek mythology, ambrosia is sometimes the food sometimes the drink of the gods, often depicted as conferring ageless Immortality She put him in the fire at night like a firebrand or ember without the knowledge of his parents.

Demeter was unable to complete the ritual because his mother Metanira walked in and saw her son in the fire and screamed in fright, which angered Demeter, who lamented that foolish mortals do not understand the concept and ritual.

Instead of making Demophon immortal, Demeter chose to teach Triptolemus the art of agriculture and, from him, the rest of Greece learned to plant and reap crops. He flew across the land on a winged chariot while Demeter and Persephone cared for him, and helped him complete his mission of educating the whole of Greece in the art of agriculture. The chariot is the earliest and simplest type of Carriage, used in both peace and war as the chief vehicle of many ancient peoples

Later, Triptolemus taught Lyncus, King of the Scythians the arts of agriculture but he refused to teach it to his people and then tried to murder Triptolemus. In Greek mythology, King Lyncus ("lynx" of the Scythians was taught the arts of agriculture by Triptolemus but he refused to teach it to his people In Classical Antiquity, Scythia ( Greek Skuthia) was the area in Eurasia inhabited by the Scythians, from the 8th Demeter turned him into a lynx. A lynx is any of four medium-sized wild cats. All are members of the Genus Lynx, but there is considerable confusion about the best way to classify

Some scholars believe the Demophon story is based on an earlier prototypical folk tale. ^[10]

Children

• Persephone (by Zeus)
• Zagreus (by Zeus)
• Despoina (by Poseidon)
• Arion (by Poseidon)
• Plutus (by Iasion)
• Philomelus (by Iasion)
• Eubolus by (Carmanor)
• Amphitheus I(by Triptolemus)

Portrayals

• Demeter was usually portrayed on a chariot, and frequently associated with images of the harvest, including flowers, fruit, and grain. In Greek mythology, Persephone ( Kore or Cora) was the embodiment of the Earth's fertility at the same time that she was the Queen of the Underworld Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology Zagreus is also the name of a genus of ladybird beetle See Zagreus for more information Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology In Greek mythology, Despoina or Despoena, (Gk Δέσποινα "miss" "damsel" or "queen" was the daughter of Demeter In Greek mythology, Poseidon ( Greek:; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the Sea and as "Earth-Shaker" In Greek mythology, Arion or Areion ( Ancient Greek: Άρείων is a divinely-bred extremely swift immortal horse that according to the Latin poet In Greek mythology, Poseidon ( Greek:; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the Sea and as "Earth-Shaker" In Greek mythology, Ploutos ("wealth" Πλοῦτος usually Romanized as Plutus, was equally a son of the pre-Hellenic Cretan Demeter In Greek mythology, Iasion or Iasus was usually the son of Electra and Zeus and brother of Dardanus. Philomelus or Philomenus was a minor Greek demi-god the son of Demeter and Iasion, and the brother of Plutus. In Greek mythology, Iasion or Iasus was usually the son of Electra and Zeus and brother of Dardanus. She was also sometimes pictured with Persephone.
• The Black Demeter, a sculpture made by Onatas. Onatas was an ancient Greek sculptor of the time of the Persian Wars and a member of the flourishing school of Aegina.
• Demeter is not generally portrayed with a consort: the exception is Iasion, the youth of Crete who lay with Demeter in a thrice-ploughed field, and was sacrificed afterwards – by a jealous Zeus with a thunderbolt, Olympian mythography adds, but the Cretan site of the myth is a sign that the Hellenes knew this was an act of the ancient Demeter.
• Demeter placed Aethon, the god of famine, in Erysichthon's stomach, making him permanently famished. In Greek and Roman mythology there are several characters known as Aethon: According to Ovid (II 153 one of Helios ' In Greek mythology, King Erysichthon (also spelled Erisichthon both of which translate as "Earth-tearer" of Thessaly was the son of Triopas This was a punishment for cutting down trees in a sacred grove.

Demeter in astronomy

Demeter is a main belt asteroid 26km in diameter, which was discovered in 1929 by K. Reinmuth at Heidelberg. The asteroid belt is the region of the Solar System located roughly between the orbits of the Planets Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Works The Herschel nebulas De Gruyter Berlin 1926 Catalog of 6 Heidelberg is a city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. As of 2006 over 140000 people live within the city's area

Demeter in popular culture

• In Nirvana's In Utero liner notes, Kurt Cobain lists the people he thanks, including 'the goddess Demeter'. Nirvana was an American rock band that was formed by singer/guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen Washington. For the Nirvana album see In Utero. In utero is a Latin term literally meaning "in the Uterus " Kurt Donald Cobain (February 20 1967 – c April 5 1994 was an American musician who served as lead singer, Guitarist, and songwriter for the Seattle On the back of the album there are some symbols related to Demeter.
• In Bram Stoker's novel Dracula, the sailing ship Demeter is taken over and its crew killed by the Count before running aground on the English coast. Abraham "Bram" Stoker (8 November 1847 – 20 April 1912 was an Irish writer of novels and short stories who is best known today for his 1897 horror Dracula is an 1897 novel by Irish author Bram Stoker, featuring as its primary Antagonist the vampire Count Dracula. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland
• Demeter appeared in the 1997 Disney movie, Hercules and the animated series based on it, as one of the gods upon Mount Olympus. Hercules is a 1997 Animated feature, produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures on June Hercules The Animated Series is an animated series based on the Disney 's 1997 feature film and the Greek myth.
• Demeter is also one of the poems in Carol Ann Duffy's collection The World's Wife. Carol Ann Duffy (born December 23, 1955) is a British Poet, Playwright and Freelance Writer born in The World's Wife is a collection of poems by Carol Ann Duffy published in 1999
• Demeter (together with Dionysius) was used as an archetype for the character Tori by contemporary artist Tori Amos in her 2007 album American Doll Posse. Tori Amos (born Myra Ellen Amos on August 22, 1963) is a Pianist and Singer-songwriter of dual British and American Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. American Doll Posse is the ninth studio album by Singer-songwriter Tori Amos. Amos created five personalities for the album, each representing a different Greek god or goddess.
• In the computer game Zeus: Master of Olympus, Demeter is one of the gods to whom the player can build a temple. Master of Olympus - Zeus ( Zeus Master of Olympus in the US is the fifth full title of the City Building Series developed by Impressions Games The completion of the sanctuary to Demeter provides the city with arable farmland suitable for raising crops or livestock; the goddess provides blessings and sanctification of buildings associated with produce, and can be appealed to for a supply of food.
• In the Konami game for the MSX computer The Maze of Galious, Demeter is one of the gods the player can visit to buy artifacts which gives extra powers. Knightmare II The Maze of Galious is the follow-up to Konami 's MSX game Knightmare.

References

• Walter Burkert (1985) Greek Religion, Harvard University Press, 1985. Walter Burkert (born Neuendettelsau, Bavaria, February 2, 1931) a scholar of Greek mythology and cult, is an emeritus
• Ingri and Edgar Parin d'Aulaire, D'Aulaire's Book of Greek Myths, 1962. Ingri ( December 27[[ 904]] – October 24[[ 980]] and Edgar ( September 30[[ 898]] – May 1[[ 986]] Parin d'Aulaire were An illustrated book of Greek myths retold for children.
• Jane Ellen Harrison, Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion, 1903
• Karl Kerenyi, Eleusis: archetypal image of mother and daughter, 1967. Jane Ellen Harrison ( September 9, 1850 &ndash April 5, 1928) was a ground-breaking British classical scholar linguist One of the founders of modern studies in Greek mythology, Károly (Carl Karl Kerényi ( January 19, 1897 &ndash April 14 1973
• Karl Kerenyi, Dionysos: Archetypal Image of Indestructible Life, 1976
• Martin P. One of the founders of modern studies in Greek mythology, Károly (Carl Karl Kerényi ( January 19, 1897 &ndash April 14 1973 Nilsson, Greek Popular Religion, 1940. [1]
• Carl Ruck and Danny Staples, The World of Classical Myth, 1994. Carl A P Ruck (born Dec 8 1935, Bridgeport Connecticut) is a professor in the Classical Studies department at Boston University.

External links

• Text of Homeric Hymn to Demeter
• Online book of Martin P. Nilsson, Greek Popular Religion

Greek deities series
Primordial deities | Titans | Aquatic deities | Chthonic deities
Twelve Olympians
Zeus | Hera | Poseidon | Hades | Hestia | Demeter | Aphrodite Athena | Apollo | Artemis | Ares | Hephaestus | Hermes | Dionysus
Chthonic deities
Hades | Persephone | Gaia | Demeter | Hecate | Iacchus | Trophonius | Triptolemus | Erinyes

Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance The ancient Greeks proposed many different ideas about primordial deities in their mythology, which would later be largely adapted by the In Greek mythology, the Titans ( Greek: Tītā́n; plural Tītânes) were a race of powerful Deities that ruled during the legendary The ancient Greeks had a large number of sea deities. The philosopher Plato once remarked that the Greek people were like frogs sitting around a pond -- their Chthonic (from Greek χθόνιος khthonios "of the earth" from khthōn "earth" pertaining to the Earth; earthy subterranean The Twelve Olympians, also known as the Dodekatheon ( Greek: Δωδεκάθεον Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology In the Olympian pantheon of classical Greek Mythology, Hera (ˈhɪərə or /ˈhɛrə/ Greek) or Here ( in Ionic and Homer In Greek mythology, Poseidon ( Greek:; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of the Sea and as "Earth-Shaker" Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient In Greek mythology, virginal Hestia, (Roman name Vesta daughter of Kronus and Rhea, ( ancient Greek) is the Goddess ATHENA was an Antimatter research project that took place at the AD Ring at CERN. In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister In Greek mythology, Ares ( Ancient Greek:, Μodern Greek Άρης) is the son of Zeus and Hera. Hephaestus (hɨˈfiːstəs or /hɨˈfɛstəs/ Greek Hēphaistos) was a Greek god whose Roman equivalent was Vulcan. Hermes ( Greek,, ˈhɝmiːz in Greek mythology, is the Olympian god of boundaries and of the travelers who cross them of Shepherds and In Classical mythology, Dionysus or Dionysos (in Greek, Διόνυσος or Διώνυσος; associated with Roman Chthonic (from Greek χθόνιος khthonios "of the earth" from khthōn "earth" pertaining to the Earth; earthy subterranean Hades (from Greek, Hadēs, originally, Haidēs or, Aidēs, probably from Indo-European *n̥-wid- 'unseen' refers both to the ancient In Greek mythology, Persephone ( Kore or Cora) was the embodiment of the Earth's fertility at the same time that she was the Queen of the Underworld Gaia (ˈgeɪə or /ˈgaɪə/ (" land " or " Earth " from the Ancient Greek Γαîα also Gæa or Gea Hecate ( Greek: Ἑκάτη, "far-shooting") Hekate ( Hekátê In Greek mythology, Iacchus (Ίακχος is an Epithet of Dionysus, particularly associated with the Mysteries at Eleusis, where he was considered Trophonius (the Latinate spelling or Trophonios (in the transliterated Greek spelling was a Greek hero or daimon or God - it was Buzyges redirects here For the Genus of Grass skipper Butterflies, see Buzyges (butterfly. In Greek mythology the Erinyes (Ἐρινύες pl of Ἐρινύς lit

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