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For other meanings of decapod, see decapod.
Decapoda
"Decapoda" from Ernst Haeckel's Artforms of Nature, 1904
"Decapoda" from Ernst Haeckel's Artforms of Nature, 1904
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Arthropoda
Subphylum:Crustacea
Class:Malacostraca
Superorder:Eucarida
Order:Decapoda
Latreille, 1802
Suborders

Dendrobranchiata
Pleocyemata
See text for superfamilies. Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel ( February 16, 1834 — August 9, 1919)also written von Haeckel, was an eminent German Arthropods are Animals belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, " Joint " Structure of crustaceans As Arthropods crustaceans have a stiff Exoskeleton, which must be shed to allow the animal to grow ( Ecdysis or molting The Malacostraca (Greek "soft shell" are the largest class of Crustaceans and include most of the animals that non-experts recognize as crustaceans including Eucarida is a Superorder of Crustaceans comprising the decapods, Krill and Amphionides. Pierre André Latreille ( November 20, 1762 - February 6, 1833) was a French entomologist. Prawns are Crustaceans belonging to the sub-order Dendrobranchiata   Pleocyemata is a sub-order of decapod crustaceans, erected by Martin Burkenroad in 1963 

The decapods or Decapoda (literally means "ten footed") are an order of crustaceans within the class Malacostraca, including many familiar groups, such as crayfish, crabs, lobsters, prawns and shrimp. Structure of crustaceans As Arthropods crustaceans have a stiff Exoskeleton, which must be shed to allow the animal to grow ( Ecdysis or molting The Malacostraca (Greek "soft shell" are the largest class of Crustaceans and include most of the animals that non-experts recognize as crustaceans including Crayfish, crawfish, crawdads, or crodgers are freshwater Crustaceans resembling small Lobsters to which they are closely Crabs are decapod Crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (βραχύ / brachy Clawed lobsters compose a family ( Nephropidae, sometimes also Homaridae) of large marine Crustaceans Lobsters are economically important as Prawns are Crustaceans belonging to the sub-order Dendrobranchiata   True shrimp are swimming decapod Crustaceans classified in the Infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh Most decapods are scavengers. Scavenging, or necrophagy, is a Carnivorous Feeding behaviour in which a predator consumes Corpses or Carrion that were killed

Contents

Anatomy

Main article: Decapod anatomy

As their name implies, all decapods have ten legs; these are the last five of the eight pairs of thoracic appendages characteristic of crustaceans. The decapod Crustacean such as a crab lobster shrimp or prawn is made up of nineteen Body segments grouped into two main body parts the Cephalothorax An appendage in the broadest sense is an additional or subsidiary part existing on or added to something which can generally still function if the appendage has never existed or The front three pairs function as mouthparts and are generally referred to as maxillipeds, the remainder being pereiopods. The decapod Crustacean such as a crab lobster shrimp or prawn is made up of nineteen Body segments grouped into two main body parts the Cephalothorax The decapod Crustacean such as a crab lobster shrimp or prawn is made up of nineteen Body segments grouped into two main body parts the Cephalothorax In many decapods, however, one pair of legs has enlarged pincers; the claws are called chelae, so those legs may be called chelipeds. A claw is a curved pointed appendage found at the end of a toe or finger in most Mammals, Birds, and some Reptiles. Further appendages are found on the abdomen, with each segment capable of carrying a pair of biramous pleopods, the last of which form part of the tail fan (together with the telson) and are called uropods. The decapod Crustacean such as a crab lobster shrimp or prawn is made up of nineteen Body segments grouped into two main body parts the Cephalothorax The telson is the last division of the body of a Crustacean. It is not considered a true segment because it does not arise in the embryo from teloblast areas The decapod Crustacean such as a crab lobster shrimp or prawn is made up of nineteen Body segments grouped into two main body parts the Cephalothorax

Classification

Classification within the order Decapoda depends on the structure of the gills and legs, and the way in which the larvae develop, giving rise to two suborders: Dendrobranchiata and Pleocyemata. A gill is an anatomical structure found in many aquatic organisms In Roman mythology, the larvae or lemures (singular lemur) were the spectres or spirits of the dead they were the malignant version of the Prawns are Crustaceans belonging to the sub-order Dendrobranchiata   Pleocyemata is a sub-order of decapod crustaceans, erected by Martin Burkenroad in 1963  Dendrobranchiata consists of prawns, including many species colloquially referred to as "shrimp", such as the Atlantic white shrimp. Prawns are Crustaceans belonging to the sub-order Dendrobranchiata   Atlantic white shrimp ( Penaeus setiferus) also known as white shrimp or green tails is a species of Prawn (not Shrimp) found Pleocyemata includes the remaining groups, including true shrimp. True shrimp are swimming decapod Crustaceans classified in the Infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh

The following classification to the level of superfamilies follows Martin and Davis [1], with some changes based on more recent morphological and molecular studies [2][3].

Whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Spotted cleaner shrimp, Periclimenes yucatanicus
Spotted cleaner shrimp, Periclimenes yucatanicus
California spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus
California spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus
Australian land hermit crab, Coenobita variabilis
Australian land hermit crab, Coenobita variabilis
Blue crab, Callinectes sapidus
Blue crab, Callinectes sapidus
Lyreidus tridentatus
Lyreidus tridentatus

Order Decapoda Latreille, 1802

References

  1. ^ Joel W. Whiteleg shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei, formerly Penaeus vannamei) also known as Pacific white shrimp, is a variety of prawn The spotted cleaner shrimp ( Periclimenes yucatanicus) is a kind of Cleaner shrimp common to the Caribbean Sea. The California spiny lobster is a species of Spiny lobster found from the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula to Monterey Bay, California The Australian land hermit crab ( Coenobita variabilis) is one of two terrestrial Hermit crab species native to Australia and is found in northern parts The blue crab ( Callinectes sapidus, from the Greek calli ="beautiful" nectes ="swimmer" and Latin Prawns are Crustaceans belonging to the sub-order Dendrobranchiata   Sergestoidea is a Superfamily of Prawns divided into two families the Luciferidae and the Sergestidae. Pleocyemata is a sub-order of decapod crustaceans, erected by Martin Burkenroad in 1963  The Stenopodidea is a small group of decapod Crustaceans often confused with Shrimp or Prawns In fact they are neither but belong in a group True shrimp are swimming decapod Crustaceans classified in the Infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh The family Pasiphaeidae is a Taxon of Shrimps and the only subtaxon of the Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea. The family Oplophoridae is a taxon of Pelagic Shrimps and the only subtaxon of the Superfamily Oplophoroidea. Atyidae is a family of Caridean atyid shrimp, present in all Tropical and most Temperate waters of the world The family Stylodactylidae is a group of Shrimps and the only representative of its Superfamily ( Stylodactyloidea) The family Polychelidae contains thirty-four Species of blind, Benthic Lobster -like Crustaceans They are found throughout the The Achelata is an infra-order of the reptant Decapoda. It contains the Spiny lobsters (Palinuridae the Slipper lobsters (Scyllaridae and Astacidea is a group of decapod Crustaceans including Lobsters Crayfish and their close relatives Reef lobsters ( Enoplometopus) constitute a single Genus of small Lobsters that live on hard rocky bottoms in Tropical parts of The Glypheoidea (containing the glypheoid lobsters is a group of Lobster -like decapod Crustaceans which forms an important part of fossil faunas Nephropoidea is a Superfamily of decapod Crustaceans It contains the true lobsters in the Nephropidae as well as the rare thaumastochelid Crayfish, crawfish, crawdads, or crodgers are freshwater Crustaceans resembling small Lobsters to which they are closely Crayfish, crawfish, crawdads, or crodgers are freshwater Crustaceans resembling small Lobsters to which they are closely Thalassinidea is an Infraorder of decapod Crustaceans that live in Burrows in Muddy bottoms of the world's Oceans In Thalassina anomala is a Species of mud lobster found in the mangrove swamps of the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean Note that there is a second superfamily called Axioidea. Axioidea is a Superfamily of Thalassinidean decapod Anomura (sometimes Anomala) is a group of decapod Crustaceans including Hermit crabs and others The hairy stone crab, Lomis hirta, is a Crab -like Crustacean that lives in the Littoral zone of southern Australia Hippoidea is a Superfamily of decapod Crustaceans known as sand crabs or mole crabs   Hermit crabs are decapod Crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. Crabs are decapod Crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (βραχύ / brachy Dromioidea is a superfamily of Crabs mostly found in Madagascar. Homoloidea is a superfamily of Dromiacean Crabs The close relation between Homoloidea and Dromioidea is primarily established through ultrastructural characteristics Raninoidea is a superfamily of Crabs the only one in the Subsection Raninoida. Cyclodorippoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Dorippoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Calappoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Leucosoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Majoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Families in the superfamily Majoidea Epialtidae Inachidae Hymenosomatidae is a family of Crabs with some 110 described species in nearly 20 genera Parthenopoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Retroplumidae is a family of Crabs Cancroidea is a superfamily of Crabs Portunoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Bythograeidae is a small family of Crabs which live around Hydrothermal vents The family contains 13 species in 6 genera  Xanthoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Belliidae is a family of Crabs of the order Decapoda. Genera Acanthocyclus Potamoidea is a superfamily of Crabs Psueodhtlephusidae is a Family of freshwater Crabs found chiefly in mountain streams in the Neotropics   Gecarcinucoidea is a Superfamily of freshwater Crabs Cryptochiridae is a family of Crabs known as gall crabs, because the females cause Corals to form protective Galls around themselves  Pinnotheridae is a family of pea Crabs They are tiny soft-bodied crabs living commensally in the mantles of certain bivalve molluscs Ocypodoidea is a Superfamily of Crabs named after the genus Ocypode. Grapsoidea is a Superfamily of Crabs They contain many Taxa which are terrestrial (land-living semi-terrestrial (taking to the sea only for reproduction Martin and George E. Davis (2001). An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County opened in Exposition Park, Los Angeles, California, USA in 1913 as the Museum of History Science  
  2. ^ Dixon, C. J. , F. R. Schram & S. Frederick Robert Schram (born August 11, 1943 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American Palaeontologist and Carcinologist T. Ahyong (2004). A new hypothesis of decapod phylogeny. Crustaceana 76 (8): 935–975. Crustaceana is a Scientific journal specialising in Carcinology.  
  3. ^ Porter, M. L. , M. Pérez-Losada & K. A. Crandall (2005). Model-based multi-locus estimation of decapod phylogeny and divergence times. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 355–369. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a prominent Scientific journal, popular mostly among Evolutionary biologists Its goal is to make a forum to  

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