The Dean of Moray was the head of the cathedral chapter of the diocese of Moray, north-central Scotland, based at Elgin Cathedral. In accordance with Canon law, a cathedral chapter is a body of clerics ( chapter) formed to advise a Bishop and in the case of a vacancy in the bishop’s The Diocese of Moray was one of the most important of the medieval diocese in Scotland. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Elgin Cathedral () sometimes referred to as The Lantern of the North is an historic Ruin in Elgin Moray, north-east Scotland The diocese of Moray is first known to have had a dean from a document dating between 1207 and 1208, and its first dean known by name from a document dating between 1207 and 1211. [1] The position remained in existence until the 17th century.
List of Deans of Moray
The following is a list of known Deans of Moray:
| DEAN | TENURE | EPISCOPATE | NOTES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Freskin | × 1207 × 1211-1226×1230 | Bricius de Douglas, Andreas de Moravia |
Probably surnamed de Douglas. This Bricius was a 13th century bishop of Moray for other uses see Bricius (disambiguation Bricius (sometimes anglicized as Brice Andreas de Moravia (or Andrew of Moray) was a 13th century Scottish Bishop. He is attested as Dean in two documents, one dated 1207 × 1211, and one June 19, 1226. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. |
| Hugh | 1226×1230-1230 | Andreas de Moravia | Probably surnamed de Douglas. He is attested as Dean in one document, dated between June 19, 1226 (see above) and September 4, 1230 (see below). Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself |
| Simon de Gunby | 1230×1232-1244 | Andreas de Moravia | Surname de Gunby is probable, not certain. Simon was a 13th century prelate based in Moray, Scotland. Professor Donald Watt has shown ( Fasti, 219 through the extrapolation of indirect He is attested as Dean in two documents, dated September 4, 1230 and July 26, 1232. Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus He became Bishop of Moray in 1244. The Bishop of Moray or Bishop of Elgin was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Moray in northern Scotland, one of Scotland 's 13 medieval |
| Archibald | 1244×1249-1253 | Simon de Gunby | Surname unknown. Archibald (died 1298 was a 13th century Scottish Prelate best known for involvement in a dispute with the Pope. His identification with the later bishop is very probable, though not certain. He is attested as Dean in two documents, dated February 4 and March 20, 1249. Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. The Bishop Archibald was consecrated as Bishop in 1253. |
| Nicholas de Hedon | 1253-1254 × 1260 | Archibald | Nicholas was provided to the deanery by Pope Innocent IV. Pope Innocent IV, born Sinibaldo Fieschi was Pope from June 28, 1243 to December 7, 1254. Thereafter he litigated with the locally elected dean, Andrew de Dunn, and emerged as successful on December 19, 1253. Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. He was confirmed by Pope Innocent IV on January 7, 1254, and then reconfirmed by Pope Alexander IV a year or so later. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental Pope Alexander IV (1199 or ca 1185 &ndash May 25 1261) was Pope from 1254 until his death |
| Andrew de Dunn | 1253 | Archibald | Elected locally, but lost out at papal curia to Nicholas de Hedon by end of the year. See above. |
| William de Dunn | 1254 × 1260-1275 × 1296 | Archibald | First attested as Dean on April 11, 1260. Events 491 - Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. Attested again as Dean on January 10, 1275. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Next known dean is first attested on August 28, 1296. Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital |
| Walter Herok | 1275 × 1296-1329 | Archibald, David de Moravia, John de Pilmuir |
First attested as Dean on August 28, 1296. Walter Herok was a cleric from 13th century and 14th century Scotland. David de Moravia (died 1326 was Bishop of Moray during most of the First War of Scottish Independence. John de Pilmuir '''Pylmore''' († 1362 was a 14th century Prelate based in Scotland. He was still in possession of deanery on March 15, 1329, but died later in the year at the papal curia while pursuing his election as Bishop of Aberdeen. Events 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, The Bishop of Aberdeen (originally Bishop of Mortlach) was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Aberdeen, one of Scotland 's 13 medieval bishoprics |
| Andrew de Hirdmaniston | 1329-1333 × 1349 | John de Pilmuir | The pope provided him as Dean on September 19, 1329, following Herok. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. He is attested again on May 10, 1333, but not thereafter. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. |
| John Paniter | 1333 ×1345-1345 × 1349 | John de Pilmuir | He is not attested during his own lifetime, but is mentioned as the last and recently deceased Dean when sometime before November 8, 1349, but after January 25, 1345, his successor was confirmed in possession by the Pope. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate |
| William de Pilmuir | 1345 × 1349-1358 × 1368 | John de Pilmuir, Alexander Bur |
William became Dean sometime between January 25, 1345 and November 8, 1349. Alexander Bur (died 1397 was a 14th century Scottish cleric It is highly possible that Bur came from somewhere in or around Aberdeenshire, although that is not certain He is attested in possession again on May 2, 1358, but had died sometime before December 7, 1368. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Events 43 BC - Marcus Tullius Cicero assassinated 1696 - Connecticut Route 108, one of the oldest highways |
| Alexander de Kylwos | 1368-1371 | Alexander Bur | Kylwos was provided to the deanery on December 7, 1368. Alexander de Kylwos (died 1398 - written alternatively as Frylquhous, Kylquos, and a variety of other forms - was a Scottish churchman and prelate He had possession by December 19, 1370. Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Was provided as Bishop of Ross on May 9, 1371. The Bishop of Ross was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Ross, one of Scotland 's 13 medieval Bishoprics The first recorded bishop appears Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of |
| Thomas de Harcars | 1368 | Alexander Bur | According to papal documents, Harcars was provided to the deanery on December 11, 1368, despite the apparent provision of Kylwose four days before. He died sometime before May 3, 1370, apparently without ever having possession of the deanery. |
| Robert Sinclair | 1371-1391 | Alexander Bur | He was granted papal provision on May 28, 1371. Robert Sinclair († 1398 was a late 14th century Bishop of Orkney and Bishop of Dunkeld. He was provided as Bishop of Orkney on January 27, 1384, but on February 10 was granted dispensation to retain the deanery along with his Orkney bishopric, of which he never had possession (see Western Schism). The Bishop of Orkney was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Orkney, one of thirteen medieval bishoprics within the territory of modern Scotland. Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. The Great Schism of Western Christianity or Papal Schism (also known as the Western Schism) was a split within the Roman Catholic Church from 1378 to 1417 This dispensation was revoked on March 21, 1391, after he became Bishop of Dunkeld, a bishopric of which he did gain possession. Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. The Bishop of Dunkeld is the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Dunkeld, one of the largest and more important of Scotland 's 13 medieval bishoprics |
| Walter Trail | 1383 | Alexander Bur | Trail got provision to the Moray deanery on November 28, 1383 because Sinclair was expected to resign; that did not occur, for which see above. Walter Trail († 1401 was a late 14th century Bishop of St Andrews. For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events |
| John de Douglas | 1391-1424 × 1428 | Alexander Bur, William de Spynie, John de Innes, Henry de Lichton, Columba de Dunbar |
Douglas got papal provision after the revocation of Sinclair's provision on March 21, 1391. William de Spynie (d 1406 was a Scottish prelate He was a canon of Moray by 1363 and Precentor ( Chanter) of Aberdeen in 1371 John de Innes (c 1370 &ndash 1414 was medieval Scottish churchman Henry de Lichton Lychtone''' '''Leighton''' (died 1440 was a medieval Scottish Prelate and diplomat who serving as Bishop of Moray (1414&ndash1422 Columba de Dunbar (c1386-1435 was Bishop of Moray from 1422 until his death at Spynie Palace near Elgin sometime before November 7 1435 He was still in possession of the deanery on April 13, 1424. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Date of death is not known, but it occurred before March 10, 1428. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing |
| John Derling | 1424 | Columba de Dunbar | Received provision to deanery on April 13, 1424, but died in the following month. It is unclear why Derling got this provision. |
| Walter Stewart | 1428-1433 × 1434 | Columba de Dunbar | Stewart was elected to the deanery following the death of Douglas (1424 × 1428), and had possession by August 11, 1428, when he received papal provision. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Stewart still had possession on February 26, 1433, but had died sometime before January 9, 1434. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. |
| Thomas Archer | 1428-1428 × 1429 | Columba de Dunbar | Received papal provision on March 1428, presumably without knowing or in opposition to the election of Stewart. Sometime before May 1429 he had resigned his rights to Stewart in exchange for the position of Treasurer of Dunkeld. |
| William Turnbull | 1434-1435 | Columba de Dunbar, John de Winchester |
Turnbull received provision in the first half of 1434, after Walter Stewart's death. William Turnbull (d 1454 was an influential Bishop of Glasgow, in Scotland, from 1448 to 1454 John de Winchester (d 1460 was a 15th century English cleric who distinguished himself as as an administrator and bishop in Scotland. He litigated with James Stewart, and had lost possession to Stewart by November 11, 1435. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare |
| James Stewart | 1435-1460 | John de Winchester | After litigation with Turnbull, Stewart had won papal provision and possession by November 11, 1435. James Stewart (Seumas Stiùbhart d 1466 was a Prelate from 15th century Scotland. He held the deanery until he was provided as Bishop of Moray on May 19, 1460. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and |
| Andrew Stewart | 1460-1482 | James Stewart, David Stewart, William de Tulloch |
Andrew Stewart was provided to deanery on May 19, 1460, upon James Stewart's elevation to the bishopric. Andrew Stewart (died 1501 was a 15th century Scottish Prelate and administrator David Stewart (Dàibhidh Stiùbhart died 1476 was a Prelate from 15th century Scotland. William de Tulloch (d 1482 was a 15th century Scottish Prelate. |
| Gavin Vaiche | 1482-1486 | Andrew Stewart | After elevation of Andrew Stewart to the bishopric, Vaiche, chaplain of the King, was present to the deanery; he received provision to the deanery on May 17, 1483. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. He was still in possession on September 3, 1486, but had died before December 26. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius |
| James Chisholm | 1482-1487 | Andrew Stewart | Chisholm claimed to have had papal provision to deanery after elevation to bishopric of Andrew Stewart. James Chisholm (died c 1545 Bishop of Dunblane, was the eldest son of Edmund Chisholm the first Chisholm to own the estate of Cromlix in Dunblane Does not seem to have ever had possession. He resigned his right on March 1, 1487, but got new provision on March 27, despite being provided as Bishop of Dunblane in the previous January. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant The Bishop of Dunblane or Bishop of Strathearn was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Dunblane / Strathearn, one of medieval Scotland |
| William Turnbull | 1484-1487 | Andrew Stewart | Turnbull received papal provision in sometime after August 14, 1484, but resigned his rights on September 18. |
| Gavin Dunbar senior | 1484/6-1518 | Andrew Stewart, Andrew Forman James Hepburn |
Dunbar had some rights to the deanery in 1484, which he resigned in the same year. Gavin Dunbar can refer to Gavin Dunbar (Bishop of Aberdeen (died 1532 Gavin Dunbar (Archbishop of Glasgow (c Andrew Forman (c 1465&ndash 11 March 1521 was a Scottish Diplomat and Prelate who became Bishop of Moray in 1501 Archbishop James Hepburn (d 1524 was a Scottish Prelate and administrator After the death of Vaiche in 1486, he was elected by the chapter; in the following year, 1487, he was confirmed by both the Bishop of Moray and the Pope. He resigned the running of the deanery to Gavin Dunbar junior in 1517, but retained the rights to the fruits of the benefice. He resigned these to Gavin Dunbar junior after being provided as Bishop of Aberdeen on November 5, 1518. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) |
| James Lindsay | 1486-1488 | Andrew Stewart | Lindsay was provided by the Pope to deanery after Vaiche's death, perhaps in ignorance of the election of Dunbar. He resigned his rights to Dunbar on March 28, 1488, without ever having obtained possession. Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. |
| John Spens | 1487-1488 | Andrew Stewart | Spens got provision on April 26, 1486. On August 23, 1487, he agreed to accept a pension from Dunbar, and on this was formally approved by Rome on June 29, 1488. He never obtained possession. |
| Gavin Dunbar junior | 1517-1525 | James Hepburn | Dunbar was provided to deanery, without fruits, on September 11, 1517; in the following year the Dean Gavin Dunbar senior resigned these fruits after becoming Bishop of Aberdeen. Gavin Dunbar (c1490 — 1547 was a 16th century Archbishop of Glasgow. Dunbar was consecrated as Archbishop of Glasgow on February 5, 1525. The Bishop of Glasgow, after 1492 Archbishop of Glasgow, was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Glasgow and then as Archbishop of Glasgow the Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. |
| Alexander Dunbar senior | 1525-1548/9 | Robert Shaw, Alexander Stewart, Patrick Hepburn |
First occurs as Dean on March 26, 1525. Robert Shaw (d 1527 was a Scottish Cluniac Monk and Prelate. A son of the Laird of Sauchie, he became a monk at Alexander Stewart (died 1537 was a Scottish Prelate; also known as Alexander Stewart of Pitcairn. Patrick Hepburn (1487 &ndash 1573 was a 16th century Scottish Prelate. The deanery was resigned to David Dunbar in 1548, though David was denied the fruits of the office. Alexander Dunbar however was dead by December 18, 1549. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the |
| David Dunbar | 1548/9-1557 | Patrick Hepburn | He was granted provision without fruits on January 12, 1548. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Presumably he gained these in the following year when Alexander Dunbar died. David Dunbar died a short time before February 28, 1557. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule |
| Alexander Campbell senior | 1557-1563 | Patrick Hepburn | He received crown presentation to the deanery following David Dunbar's death in 1557. He was instituted as Dean in March 1557. He appears to have agreed to renounce his rights in favour of Alexander Dunbar (see below) on February 2, 1560 in exchange for five year tack of the fruits, but Campbell was styled being styled "Dean" (and Dunbar "Succentor") until 1563, when his nephew John Campbell took over. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor |
| John Campbell | 1563-1566 | Patrick Hepburn | He was provost of Kilmun when he succeeded his uncle John. Kilmun is a linear settlement on the north shore of the Holy Loch in Argyll and Bute in south-west Scotland, up to the village of Strone at Strone He received crown presentation on April 29, 1563, and then again on July 6, 1564. Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England He resigned his rights to the deanery to Alexander Dunbar on July 25, 1566, in return for a pension, though sources still (accurately or not) style him as such in 1568. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler |
| Alexander Dunbar junior | 1557/65/66-1590/3 | Patrick Hepburn, George Douglas |
The son of David Dunbar, and succentor of Moray upon father's death, he was claiming right of succession by right of papal provision. George Douglas (died 1589 was a late medieval Scottish Nobleman and Prelate. The Succentor ("one who sings second" in an ancient Cathedral foundation sings Psalms and Preces and Responses after the Precentor He received crown presentation and permission to seek confirmation from Rome on September 30, 1559, but this did not work out because of the Scottish Reformation. Events 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England. 1744 - France and Spain defeat the The Scottish Reformation was Scotland 's formal break with the Roman Catholic Church in 1560 and the events surrounding this He was still only succentor on December 10, 1565, when the crown recognised his superior right over Campbell, and although he was instituted as Dean on December 24, it was not until June 27, 1566, that he is first styled "Dean". Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V He resigned on or shortly before June 21, 1590, in order to pave the way for his son Thomas Dunbar, but retained the fruits of the benefice until his death in 1593. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. |
| Thomas Dunbar | 1590-1620 | George Douglas None (1589-1602) Alexander Douglas |
On June 24, 1590, he received crown presentation to the deanery, following the resignation of Alexander Dunbar. Alexander Douglas (died 1623 was a Church of Scotland minister and Bishop. He became Presbytyr of Forres on March 4, 1591. Forres ( Gaelic Farrais) is a town and former Royal burgh situated in the north of Scotland on the Moray coast approximately Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth He was minister of Nairn in 1590, becoming minister of Auldearn from 1591. Nairn ( Gaelic: Inbhir Narann) is a town in the Highland council area of Scotland. Auldearn is a village situated east of the River Nairn, just outside Nairn in the Highland council area of Scotland. He died in possession in December 1620. |
| John Brodie | 1621-1655 | Alexander Douglas, John Guthrie |
Brodie was presented to the benefice by Alexander Lindsay, Lord Spynie; on January 31, 1622, Brodie obtained a decree forcing his parishioners to pay him the fruits of the benefice for the year 1621. John Guthrie may refer to John Guthrie (Bishop of Ross (d 1492 x 1494 Scottish prelate John Guthrie (Bishop of Moray (d The Lordship of Parliament of Spynie ( Lord Spynie) was created once in the Peerage of Scotland on 4 November 1590 for Sir Alexander Lindsay Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes He occurs as "Dean" on January 23, 1623, but styled "Minister of Auldearn" thereafter although styled occasionally referred to as "the dean". Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor He died, still in possession of the benefice, on January 7, 1655. Events 1325 - Alfonso IV becomes King of Portugal. 1558 - France takes Calais, the last continental |
Notes
- ^ Watt & Murray, Fasti Ecclesiae, p. 284.
References
- Watt, D. E. R. & Murray, A. L. , eds. (2003), Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638 (Revised ed. ), The Scottish Record Society, New Series, Volume 25, Edinburgh: The Scottish Record Society, ISBN 0-902054-19-8, ISSN 0143-9448
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